Dataset Information

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Early Life on Children's Growth and Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy or infancy is associated with adverse growth in children. No systematic review has been conducted to summarize available evidence on the effect of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and infancy on growth and body composition in children.

Objective

We aim to summarize the available evidence on the effect of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and infancy on child growth and body composition.

Method

A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on the effects of vitamin D supplementation during early life on children's growth and body composition (bone, lean and fat). A literature search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to identify relevant studies on the effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and infancy on children's body composition (bone, lean and fat) in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library from inception to 31 December 2020. A Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool was used for quality assessment. The comparison was vitamin D supplementation vs. placebo or standard care. Random-effects and fixed-effect meta-analyses were conducted. The effects are presented as mean differences (MDs) or risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

A total of 3960 participants from eleven randomized controlled trials were eligible for inclusion. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was associated with higher triceps skinfold thickness (mm) (MD 0.33, 95% CI, 0.12, 0.54; I² = 34%) in neonates. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy or infancy was associated with significantly increased length for age z-score in infants at 1 year of age (MD 0.29, 95% CI, 0.03, 0.54; I² = 0%), and was associated with lower body mass index (BMI) (kg/m²) (MD -0.19, 95% CI -0.34, -0.04; I² = 0%) and body mass index z-score (BMIZ) (MD -0.12, 95% CI -0.21, -0.04; I² = 0%) in offspring at 3-6 years of age. Vitamin D supplementation during early life was not observed to be associated with children's bone, lean or fat mass.

Conclusion

Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy or infancy may be associated with reduced adiposity in childhood. Further large clinical trials of the effects of vitamin D supplementation on childhood body composition are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Ma K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7914476 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Early Life on Children's Growth and Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Ma Kristine K Wei Shu Qin SQ Bi Wei Guang WG Weiler Hope A HA Wen Shi Wu SW

Nutrients 20210205 2

<h4>Background</h4>Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy or infancy is associated with adverse growth in children. No systematic review has been conducted to summarize available evidence on the effect of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and infancy on growth and body composition in children.<h4>Objective</h4>We aim to summarize the available evidence on the effect of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and infancy on child growth and body composition.<h4>Method</h4>A systematic review a ...[more]

PMID: 33562750

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Project description:The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children's body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6-16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = -0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = -0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to -0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

Dataset Information

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Early Life on Children's Growth and Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background

Objective

Method

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Early Life on Children's Growth and Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

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