Undetectable viral load within the mastoid during cochlear implantation in a patient with COVID-19.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kimura KS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7921787 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Undetectable viral load within the mastoid during cochlear implantation in a patient with COVID-19.
Kimura Kyle S KS Smetak Miriam R MR Freeman Michael H MH Wootten Christopher T CT
Otolaryngology case reports 20210302
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Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the ensuing COVID-19 pandemic have caused ∼40 million cases and over 648,000 deaths in the United States alone. Troubling disparities in COVID-19-associated mortality emerged early, with nearly 70% of deaths confined to Black/African-American (AA) patients in some areas, yet targeted studies within this demographic are scant. Multi-omics single-cell analyses of immune profiles from airways and matching blood samples of Black/AA patients revealed low viral load, yet pronounced and persistent pulmonary neutrophilia with advanced features of cytokine release syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including exacerbated production of IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL3/4 along with elevated levels of neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase. Circulating S100A12+/IFITM2+ mature neutrophils are recruited via the IL-8/CXCR2 axis, which emerges as a potential therapeutic target to reduce pathogenic neutrophilia and constrain ARDS in severe COVID-19.
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Project description:INTRODUCTION: Dandy Walker Syndrome is a congenital abnormality in the central nervous system, characterized by a deficiency in the development of middle cerebelar structures, cystic dilatation of the posterior pit communicating with the fourth ventricle and upward shift of the transverse sinuses, tentorium and dyes. Among the clinical signs are occipital protuberances, a progressive increase of the skull, bowing before the fontanels, papilledema, ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual impairment. OBJECTIVES: To describe a case of female patient, 13 years old with a diagnosis of this syndrome and bilateral hearing loss underwent cochlear implant surgery under local anesthesia and sedation. CASE REPORT: CGS, 13 years old female was referred to the Otolaryngological Department of Otolaryngology Institute of Parana with a diagnosis of "Dandy-Walker syndrome" for Otolaryngological evaluation for bilateral hearing loss with no response to the use of hearing aids. Final Comments: The field of cochlear implants is growing rapidly. We believe that the presence of Dandy-Walker syndrome cannot be considered a contraindication to the performance of cochlear implant surgery, and there were no surgical complications due to neurological disorders with very favorable results for the patient who exhibits excellent discrimination. It has less need for lip reading with improvement in speech quality.
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Project description:BackgroundTo investigate the clinical significance, viral shedding duration and viral load dynamics of positive fecal SARS-CoV-2 signals in COVID-19.MethodsCOVID-19 patients were included. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was tested in stool and respiratory specimens until two sequential negative results were obtained. Clinical, laboratory and imaging data were recorded.ResultsOf the 69 COVID-19 patients, 20 (28.99 %) had positive fecal viral tests who were younger, had lower C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels on admission (all P < 0.05), and showed more improvement and less progression on chest CT during recovery. The median duration of positive viral signals was significantly longer in stool samples than in respiratory samples (P < 0.05). In spite of the negative oropharyngeal swabs, eleven patients were tested positive for viral RNA in stool specimens, with their fecal SARS-CoV-2 RNA Ct (cycle threshold) values reaching 25-27. 6 of these 11 patients' Ct values rebounded.ConclusionSARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool specimens was associated with a milder condition and better recovery of chest CT results while the median duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA persistence was significantly longer in fecal samples than in oropharyngeal swabs. The fecal viral load easily reached a high level and rebounded even though respiratory signals became negative.
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