Dataset Information

Sustainable Esterification of a Soda Lignin with Phloretic Acid.

ABSTRACT: In this work, a sustainable chemical process was developed through the Fischer esterification of Protobind^® lignin, a wheat straw soda lignin, and phloretic acid, a naturally occurring phenolic acid. It aimed at increasing the reactivity of lignin by enhancing the number of unsubstituted phenolic groups via a green and solvent-free chemical pathway. The structural features of the technical and esterified lignins were characterized by complementary spectroscopic techniques, including ¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P, and two-dimensional analysis. A substantial increase in p-hydroxyphenyl units was measured (+64%, corresponding to an increase of +1.3 mmol g^-1). A full factorial design of the experiment was employed to quantify the impact of critical variables on the conversion yield. The subsequent statistical analysis suggested that the initial molar ratio between the two precursors was the factor predominating the yield of the reaction. Hansen solubility parameters of both the technical and esterified lignins were determined by solubility assays in multiple solvents, evidencing their high solubility in common organic solvents. The esterified lignin demonstrated a better thermal stability as the onset of thermal degradation shifted from 157 to 220 °C, concomitantly to the shift of the glass transition from 92 to 112 °C. In conclusion, the esterified lignin showed potential for being used as sustainable building blocks for composite and thermoset applications.

SUBMITTER: Adjaoud A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7924587 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sustainable Esterification of a Soda Lignin with Phloretic Acid.

Adjaoud Antoine A Dieden Reiner R Verge Pierre P

Polymers 20210221 4

In this work, a sustainable chemical process was developed through the Fischer esterification of Protobind<sup>®</sup> lignin, a wheat straw soda lignin, and phloretic acid, a naturally occurring phenolic acid. It aimed at increasing the reactivity of lignin by enhancing the number of unsubstituted phenolic groups via a green and solvent-free chemical pathway. The structural features of the technical and esterified lignins were characterized by complementary spectroscopic techniques, including < ...[more]

PMID: 33669917

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Project description:Technical lignins produced as a by-product in biorefinery processes represent a potential source of renewable carbon. In consideration of the possibilities of the industrial transformation of this substrate into various valuable bio-based molecules, the biological deconstruction of a technical soda lignin by filamentous fungi was investigated. The ability of three basidiomycetes (Polyporus brumalis, Pycnoporus sanguineus and Leiotrametes menziesii) to modify this material, the resultant structural and chemical changes, and the secreted proteins during growth on this substrate were investigated. The three fungi could grow on the technical lignin alone, and the growth rate increased when the media were supplemented with glucose or maltose. The proteomic analysis of the culture supernatants after three days of growth revealed the secretion of numerous Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes). The secretomic profiles varied widely between the strains and the presence of technical lignin alone triggered the early secretion of many lignin-acting oxidoreductases. The secretomes were notably rich in glycoside hydrolases and H2O2-producing auxiliary activity enzymes with copper radical oxidases being induced on lignin for all strains. The lignin treatment by fungi modified both the soluble and insoluble lignin fractions. A significant decrease in the amount of soluble higher molar mass compounds was observed in the case of P. sanguineus. This strain was also responsible for the modification of the lower molar mass compounds of the lignin insoluble fraction and a 40% decrease in the thioacidolysis yield. The similarity in the activities of P. sanguineus and P. brumalis in modifying the functional groups of the technical lignin were observed, the results suggest that the lignin has undergone structural changes, or at least changes in its composition, and pave the route for the utilization of filamentous fungi to functionalize technical lignins and produce the enzymes of interest for biorefinery applications.

Dataset Information

Sustainable Esterification of a Soda Lignin with Phloretic Acid.

Publications

Sustainable Esterification of a Soda Lignin with Phloretic Acid.

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