Dataset Information

Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Epidemiological evidence indicates that diets rich in plant foods are associated with a lower risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), but there is sparse information on fruit and vegetable subtypes and sources of dietary fibre. This study examined the associations of major plant foods, their subtypes and dietary fibre with risk of IHD in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Methods

We conducted a prospective analysis of 490 311 men and women without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke at recruitment (12.6?years of follow-up, n cases?=?8504), in 10 European countries. Dietary intake was assessed using validated questionnaires, calibrated with 24-h recalls. Multivariable Cox regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of IHD.

Results

There was a lower risk of IHD with a higher intake of fruit and vegetables combined [HR per 200?g/day higher intake 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90-0.99, P-trend?=?0.009], and with total fruits (per 100?g/day 0.97, 0.95-1.00, P-trend?=?0.021). There was no evidence for a reduced risk for fruit subtypes, except for bananas. Risk was lower with higher intakes of nuts and seeds (per 10?g/day 0.90, 0.82-0.98, P-trend?=?0.020), total fibre (per 10?g/day 0.91, 0.85-0.98, P-trend?=?0.015), fruit and vegetable fibre (per 4?g/day 0.95, 0.91-0.99, P-trend?=?0.022) and fruit fibre (per 2?g/day 0.97, 0.95-1.00, P-trend?=?0.045). No associations were observed between vegetables, vegetables subtypes, legumes, cereals and IHD risk.

Conclusions

In this large prospective study, we found some small inverse associations between plant foods and IHD risk, with fruit and vegetables combined being the most strongly inversely associated with risk. Whether these small associations are causal remains unclear.

SUBMITTER: Perez-Cornago A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7938513 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Perez-Cornago Aurora A Crowe Francesca L FL Appleby Paul N PN Bradbury Kathryn E KE Wood Angela M AM Jakobsen Marianne Uhre MU Johnson Laura L Sacerdote Carlotta C Steur Marinka M Weiderpass Elisabete E Würtz Anne Mette L AML Kühn Tilman T Katzke Verena V Trichopoulou Antonia A Karakatsani Anna A La Vecchia Carlo C Masala Giovanna G Tumino Rosario R Panico Salvatore S Sluijs Ivonne I Skeie Guri G Imaz Liher L Petrova Dafina D Quirós J Ramón JR Yohar Sandra Milena Colorado SMC Jakszyn Paula P Melander Olle O Sonestedt Emily E Andersson Jonas J Wennberg Maria M Aune Dagfinn D Riboli Elio E Schulze Matthias B MB di Angelantonio Emanuele E Wareham Nicholas J NJ Danesh John J Forouhi Nita G NG Butterworth Adam S AS Key Timothy J TJ

International journal of epidemiology 20210301 1

<h4>Background</h4>Epidemiological evidence indicates that diets rich in plant foods are associated with a lower risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), but there is sparse information on fruit and vegetable subtypes and sources of dietary fibre. This study examined the associations of major plant foods, their subtypes and dietary fibre with risk of IHD in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective analysis of 490 311 men and ...[more]

PMID: 33245137

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Project description:This study examines the correlation of acute and habitual dietary intake of flavan-3-ol monomers, proanthocyanidins, theaflavins, and their main food sources with the urinary concentrations of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC). Participants (N = 419, men and women) provided 24-h urine samples and completed a 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR) on the same day. Acute and habitual dietary data were collected using a standardized 24-HDR software and a validated dietary questionnaire, respectively. Intake of flavan-3-ols was estimated using the Phenol-Explorer database. Concentrations of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in 24-h urine were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry after enzymatic deconjugation. Simple and partial Spearman's correlations showed that urinary concentrations of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and their sum were more strongly correlated with acute than with habitual intake of individual and total monomers (acute rpartial = 0.13-0.54, p < 0.05; and habitual rpartial = 0.14-0.28, p < 0.01), proanthocyanidins (acute rpartial = 0.24-0.49, p < 0.001; and habitual rpartial = 0.10-0.15, p < 0.05), theaflavins (acute rpartial = 0.22-0.31, p < 0.001; and habitual rpartial = 0.20-0.26, p < 0.01), and total flavan-3-ols (acute rpartial = 0.40-0.48, p < 0.001; and habitual rpartial = 0.23-0.33, p < 0.001). Similarly, urinary concentrations of flavan-3-ols were weakly correlated with both acute (rpartial = 0.12-0.30, p < 0.05) and habitual intake (rpartial = 0.10-0.27, p < 0.05) of apple and pear, stone fruits, berries, chocolate and chocolate products, cakes and pastries, tea, herbal tea, wine, red wine, and beer and cider. Moreover, all comparable correlations were stronger for urinary (-)-epicatechin than for (+)-catechin. In conclusion, our data support the use of urinary concentrations of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, especially as short-term nutritional biomarkers of dietary catechin, epicatechin and total flavan-3-ol monomers.

Dataset Information

Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

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