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Gut Microbiota Comparison Between Intestinal Contents and Mucosa in Mice With Repeated Stress-Related Diarrhea Provides Novel Insight.

ABSTRACT: Repeated stress-related diarrhea is a kind of functional bowel disorders (FBDs) that are mainly stemming from dysregulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis mediated by a complex interplay of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT). Intestinal content and intestinal mucosa microbiota belong to two different community systems, and the role of the two microbiota community systems in repeated stress-related diarrhea remains largely unknown. In order to ascertain the difference in composition and the potential function between intestinal content and intestinal mucosa microbiota response on repeated stress-related diarrhea, we collected intestinal contents and mucosa of mice with repeated stress-related diarrhea for 16S rRNA PacBio SMRT gene full-length sequencing, and with the digital modeling method of bacterial species abundance, the correlations among the two microbiota community systems and serum 5-HT concentration were analyzed. We found that the microbiotal composition differences both in intestinal contents and mucosa were consistent throughout all the phylogenetic ranks, with an increasing level of resolution. Compared with intestinal content microbiota, the diversity and composition of microbiota colonized in intestinal mucosa are more sensitive to repeated stress-related diarrhea. The PICRUSt2 of metagenomic function analysis found that repeated stress-related diarrhea is more likely to perturb the intestinal mucosa microbiota metagenomic functions involved in the neural response. We further found that the mucosal microbiota-based relative abundance model was more predictive on serum 5-HT concentration with the methods of machine-learning model established and multivariate dimensionality reduction (R ² = 0.876). These findings suggest that the intestinal mucosa microbiota might serve as a novel potential prediction model for the serum 5-HT concentration involvement in the repeated stress-related diarrhea, in addition to focusing on its mechanism in the gastrointestinal dysfunction.

SUBMITTER: Zhang CY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7940357 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Antioxidant polyphenols from plants are potential dietary supplementation to alleviate early weaning-induced intestinal disorders in piglets. Recent evidences showed polyphenol quercetin could reshape gut microbiota when it functioned as anti-inflammation or antioxidation agents in rodent models. However, the effect of dietary quercetin supplementation on intestinal disorders and gut microbiota of weanling piglets, along with the role of gut microbiota in this effect, both remain unclear. Here, we determined the quercetin's effect on attenuating diarrhea, intestinal damage, and redox imbalance, as well as the role of gut microbiota by transferring the quercetin-treated fecal microbiota to the recipient piglets. The results showed that dietary quercetin supplementation decreased piglets' fecal scores improved intestinal damage by increasing tight junction protein occludin, villus height, and villus height/crypt depth ratio but decreased crypt depth and intestinal epithelial apoptosis (TUNEL staining). Quercetin also increased antioxidant capacity indices, including total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and glutathione/oxidized glutathione disulfide but decreased oxidative metabolite malondialdehyde in the jejunum tissue. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from quercetin-treated piglets had comparable effects on improving intestinal damage and antioxidative capacity than dietary quercetin supplementation. Further analysis of gut microbiota using 16S rDNA sequencing showed that dietary quercetin supplementation or FMT shifted the structure and increased the diversity of gut microbiota. Especially, anaerobic trait and carbohydrate metabolism functions of gut microbiota were enriched after dietary quercetin supplementation and FMT, which may owe to the increased antioxidative capacity of intestine. Quercetin increased the relative abundances of Fibrobacteres, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium celatum, and Prevotella copri but decreased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Lactobacillus coleohominis, and Ruminococcus bromii. Besides, quercetin-shifted bacteria and carbohydrate metabolites short chain fatty acids were significantly related to the indices of antioxidant capacity and intestinal integrity. Overall, dietary quercetin supplementation attenuated diarrhea and intestinal damage by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and regulating gut microbial structure and metabolism in piglets.

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Gut Microbiota Comparison Between Intestinal Contents and Mucosa in Mice With Repeated Stress-Related Diarrhea Provides Novel Insight.

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