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Risk of stroke in cancer survivors using a propensity score-matched cohort analysis.

ABSTRACT: Little is known about the risk of cerebrovascular disease in cancer survivors. We aimed to assess the association between incident cancer and the subsequent risk of stroke using a large-scale, population-based prospective study. 74,530 Japanese aged between 40 and 69 years at baseline study were matched by the status of cancer diagnosis during follow-up using propensity score nearest-neighbor matching with allowance for replacement. A total of 2242 strokes were reported during 557,885 person-years of follow-up. Associations between incident cancer and the subsequent risk of all strokes, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral hemorrhage were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model stratified on the propensity score-matched pairs. No significant association was observed between the status of cancer diagnosis of all types, gastric, colorectal and lung cancer, and subsequent occurrence of all strokes, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral hemorrhage. However, analysis by discrete time periods suggested an elevated risk in cancer patients for one to three months after a cancer diagnosis in all stroke (HR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.06, 4.74) and cerebral infarction (HR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.05, 6.53). This prospective cohort study found no association between the status of cancer diagnosis and the subsequent occurrence of all strokes and its subtypes during the entire follow-up period but suggested an increase in stroke risk during the active phase of malignancy.

SUBMITTER: Saito E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7946896 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk of stroke in cancer survivors using a propensity score-matched cohort analysis.

Saito Eiko E Inoue Manami M Sawada Norie N Kokubo Yoshihiro Y Yamagishi Kazumasa K Iso Hiroyasu H Shimazu Taichi T Yamaji Taiki T Iwasaki Motoki M Tsugane Shoichiro S

Scientific reports 20210310 1

Little is known about the risk of cerebrovascular disease in cancer survivors. We aimed to assess the association between incident cancer and the subsequent risk of stroke using a large-scale, population-based prospective study. 74,530 Japanese aged between 40 and 69 years at baseline study were matched by the status of cancer diagnosis during follow-up using propensity score nearest-neighbor matching with allowance for replacement. A total of 2242 strokes were reported during 557,885 person-yea ...[more]

PMID: 33692383

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in 2012 recommended the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for adults with high risk of pneumonia. However, its effectiveness in cancer survivors has not been investigated. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of PPSV23 in these patients. DESIGN:Population-based matched cohort study. SETTING:Claim data were obtained from 1?million people registered with the National Health Insurance Research Database in 1996, and followed to 2010. People aged ?75 years are eligible for receiving PPSV23 vaccination in Taiwan since 2007. PARTICIPANTS:Among the 30?249 patients with cancer, 6784 patients were 75 years or older eligible for PPSV23 vaccination. Among them, 1887 survived 5 or more years (ie, cancer survivors) after cancer diagnosis. We identified 377 cancer survivors who received PPSV23. A total of 754 propensity score matched unvaccinated patients were randomly selected. INTERVENTION:PPSV23 vaccination. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES:The primary outcome was pneumonia hospitalisation. Potential confounders include influenza vaccination, vaccination period, cancer treatment modalities, comorbidities and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS:After 2?years of follow-up, vaccinated patients had a significantly lower incidence rate of pneumonia hospitalisation at 73.66 per 1000 person-years (PYs), compared with 117.82 per 1000 PYs for unvaccinated patients. Additionally, the prevalence for pneumonia hospitalisation frequency of >0-1,>1-2,>2-3 and >3 times per PY was all consistently lower in the vaccinated group (6.63% vs 9.28%, 1.86% vs 2.52%, 0.80% vs 1.59% and 0.27% vs 0.53%, respectively). After adjustment for covariates, PPSV23 vaccine was significantly associated with reduced pneumonia hospitalisation risk, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio of 0.695 (p=0.030). While the cumulative pneumonia incidence was also significantly lower in the vaccinated patients (p=0.027), the overall survival time was similar (p=0.136). CONCLUSIONS:PPSV23 vaccination was associated with a significantly reduced rate of pneumonia hospitalisation in long-term cancer survivors.

Dataset Information

Risk of stroke in cancer survivors using a propensity score-matched cohort analysis.

Publications

Risk of stroke in cancer survivors using a propensity score-matched cohort analysis.

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