Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Adherence to Individual Home- or Gym-Based Exercise Training among Women with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Pinelli E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7967569 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Cirrhosis patients have reduced peak aerobic power (peak VO2) that is associated with reduced survival. Supervised exercise training increases exercise tolerance. The effect of home-based exercise training (HET) in cirrhosis is unknown. The objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 8 weeks of HET on peak VO2, 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), muscle mass, and quality of life in cirrhosis. Random assignment to 8 weeks of HET (moderate to high intensity cycling exercise, 3 days/week) or usual care. Exercise adherence defined as completing ?80% training sessions. Paired t-tests and analysis of covariance used for comparisons. Forty patients enrolled: 58% male, mean age 57?y, 70% Child Pugh-A. Between group increases in peak VO2 (1.7, 95% CI: -0.33 to 3.7?ml/kg/min, p?=?0.09) and 6MWD (33.7, 95% CI: 5.1 to 62.4?m, p?=?0.02) were greater after HET versus usual care. Improvements even more marked in adherent subjects for peak VO2 (2.8, 95% CI: 0.5-5.2?mL/kg/min, p?=?0.02) and 6MWD (46.4, 95% CI: 12.4-80.5?m, p?=?0.009). No adverse events occurred during testing or HET. Eight weeks of HET is a safe and effective intervention to improve exercise capacity in cirrhosis, with maximal benefits occurring in those who complete ?80% of the program.
| S-EPMC5758716 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveAbnormally elevated exercise blood pressure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Aerobic exercise training has been shown to reduce exercise blood pressure. However, it is unknown whether these improvements occur in a dose-dependent manner. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of different doses of aerobic exercise training on exercise blood pressure in obese postmenopausal women.MethodsParticipants (N = 404) were randomized to one of four groups--groups with 4, 8, or 12 kcal/kg of energy expenditure per week or a nonexercise control group--for 6 months. Exercise blood pressure was obtained during the 50-watt stage of a cycle ergometer maximal exercise test.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure at 50 watts in the 4 kcal/kg per week (-10.9 mm Hg, P < 0.001), 8 kcal/kg per week (-9.9 mm Hg, P = 0.022), and 12 kcal/kg per week (-13.7 mm Hg, P < 0.001) compared with control (-4.2 mm Hg). Only the highest exercise training dose significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (-4.3 mm Hg, P = 0.033) compared with control. In addition, resting blood pressure was not altered after exercise training (P > 0.05) compared with control and was not associated with changes in exercise systolic (r = 0.09, P = 0.09) or diastolic (r = 0.10, P = 0.08) blood pressure.ConclusionsAerobic exercise training reduces exercise blood pressure and may be more modifiable than changes in resting blood pressure. A high dose of aerobic exercise is recommended to successfully reduce both exercise systolic and diastolic blood pressure and therefore may attenuate the cardiovascular disease risk associated with abnormally elevated exercise blood pressure.
| S-EPMC3341588 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Up to 71% of South Korean postmenopausal women have vitamin D deficiency {serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] level <50 nmol/L}. Data on vitamin D supplementation was collected during the screening phase of an efficacy/safety study of denosumab in Korean postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. This report describes the effect of vitamin D supplementation on repletion to 25(OH)D levels ?50 nmol/L in Korean postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.Vitamin D levels of Korean postmenopausal women (60-90 years old) were measured by extracting 25(OH)D? and 25(OH)D? from serum samples via protein precipitation and using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection. Calibration curves were constructed from the mass chromatograms to obtain total vitamin D levels. Subjects with serum 25(OH)D levels <50 nmol/L were supplemented with 1000 IU of vitamin D tablets during the 2.5-month-long screening period. Dose, frequency, and duration were determined by the investigator. If repletion was achieved (?50 nmol/L) on retest, subjects were eligible to be rescreened for study entry.Of 371 subjects screened, 191 (52%) required vitamin D supplementation, and 88% (168 of 191) were successfully repleted. More than half of the subjects (58%) who were successfully repleted received doses of 2000 IU daily. The mean time to successful repletion was 31 days (standard deviation 8.4 days; range 11-48 days).Supplementation with daily median doses of 2000 IU vitamin D successfully repleted 88% of Korean postmenopausal women with osteoporosis within 48 days to a serum vitamin D level of 50 nmol/L.
| S-EPMC4951469 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:To determine the mechanisms of ubiquitination in postmenopausal osteoporosis and investigate the ubiquitinated spectrum of novel targets between healthy postmenopausal women and postmenopausal osteoporosis patients, we performed ubiquitylome analysis of the whole blood of postmenopausal women and postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. METHODS:To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the postmenopausal osteoporosis mechanism, we performed a quantitative assessment of the ubiquitylome in whole blood from seven healthy postmenopausal women and seven postmenopausal osteoporosis patients using high-performance liquid chromatography fractionation, affinity enrichment, and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To examine the ubiquitylome data, we performed enrichment analysis using an ubiquitylated amino acid motif, Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. RESULTS:Altogether, 133 ubiquitinated sites and 102 proteins were quantified. A difference of more than 1.2 times is considered significant upregulation and less than 0.83 significant downregulation; 32 ubiquitinated sites on 25 proteins were upregulated and 101 ubiquitinated sites on 77 proteins were downregulated. These quantified proteins, both with differently ubiquitinated sites, participated in various cellular processes, such as cellular processes, biological regulation processes, response to stimulus processes, single-organism and metabolic processes. Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity and ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme activity were the most highly enriched in molecular function of upregulated sites with corresponding proteins, but they were not enriched in downregulated in sites with corresponding proteins. The KEGG pathways analysis of quantified proteins with differentiated ubiquitinated sites found 13 kinds of molecular interactions and functional pathways, such as glyoxylate and decarboxylate metabolism, dopaminergic synapse, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, salivary secretion, coagulation and complement cascades, Parkinson's disease, and hippo signaling pathway. In addition, hsa04120 ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis was the most highly enriched in proteins with upregulated sites, hsa04610 complement and coagulation cascades was the most highly enriched in proteins with downregulated ubiquitinated sites, and hsa04114 Oocyte meiosis was the most highly enriched among all differential proteins. CONCLUSION:Our study expands the understanding of the spectrum of novel targets that are differentially ubiquitinated in whole blood from healthy postmenopausal women and postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. The findings will contribute toward our understanding of the underlying proteostasis pathways in postmenopausal osteoporosis and the potential identification of diagnostic biomarkers in whole blood.
| S-EPMC6904657 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundResistance exercise is known to be effective in reducing glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in people with type 2 diabetes. However, studies, so far, have employed supervised resistance exercise in a laboratory or gym facility which limits the future translation of such exercise in to clinical practice and recommendations. Our primary aim, therefore, is to test the hypothesis, in a randomized controlled trial, that home-based resistance exercise training and gym-based resistance exercise training both reduce HbA1c levels in people with type 2 diabetes compared to control. We will also investigate the effects of home- and gym-based resistance exercise training on muscle strength and body composition.MethodsThe current study is a three-arm randomised controlled trial which will be conducted with 150 eligible people with type 2 diabetes to compare home-and gym-based resistance exercise training with usual care in Kuwait. The interventions will be delivered by exercise specialists and last for 32 weeks. The primary outcomes are HbA1c with secondary outcomes measuring muscle function, body composition, physical activity and quality of life.DiscussionEthical approval has been granted by the Dasman Diabetes Institute ethical review committee (RA/197/2019). Study findings will be disseminated through presentation at scientific conferences and in scientific journals.Trial registrationNCT04136730: Retrospectively registered on 21 October 2019.
| S-EPMC7310149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In elderly women with osteoporosis, prior fracture, low BMD, impaired physical functioning, poorer general health, and recent falls were all direct predictors of imminent (in next year) fracture risk. Prior fracture, older age, worse health, impaired cognitive functioning, and recent falls indirectly increased imminent risk by reducing physical functioning/general health. INTRODUCTION:This study was designed to examine determinants of imminent risk of osteoporotic fracture (i.e., next 1-2 years) in postmenopausal women. METHODS:This retrospective cohort study used data from Caucasian women age 65 or older with osteoporosis who participated in the observational Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF). We examined potential direct and indirect predictors of hip and nonvertebral fractures in 1-year follow-up intervals including anthropometric measures, bone mineral density (T-score), fracture since age 50, physical function, cognition, medical conditions, recent (past year) falls, and lifestyle factors. Clinically related variables were grouped into constructs via factor analysis. These constructs and selected individual variables were incorporated into a theoretical structural equation model to evaluate factors that influence imminent risk. RESULTS:Among 2261 patients, 19.4% had a nonvertebral fracture and 5.5% had a hip fracture within 1 year of a study visit between 1992 and 2008. Prior fracture, lower T-scores, lower physical functioning, and recent falls all directly increased 1-year risk of nonvertebral fracture. For both nonvertebral and hip fractures, prior fracture and recent falls influenced risk indirectly through general health, while cognition influenced risk via physical functioning. Age influenced both physical functioning and general health. CONCLUSIONS:Several established risk factors for 10-year fracture risk also played a role in predicting imminent risk of fracture (e.g., T-scores, prior fracture), as did falls, cognition, physical functioning, and general health. Fracture risk assessments should also consider falls and fall risk factors as well as established bone-related risk factors in assessing imminent fracture risk.
| S-EPMC7560920 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Serum miRNAs could be powerful classifiers for the detection of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
2022-05-01 | GSE201543 | GEO
Project description:Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with a higher risk of mortality. Overall, postmenopausal women have lower levels of HRV than premenopausal women, which may be additionally complicated by lifestyle related behaviors such as physical inactivity and obesity. Though cardiorespiratory exercise training increases HRV, little is known regarding the exercise dose necessary to promote this improvement.Our primary aim was to measure HRV in post-menopausal women following 6-months of exercise training. We examined supine resting HRV in 373 post-menopausal women (45-75 y) after 6-months of randomly assigned and double-blinded administered exercise training exercise training at 50%, 100% and 150% of the NIH Consensus Development Panel's recommended minimal physical activity level. This corresponded to 4, 8, or 12 kcal/kg per week (KKW) of energy expenditure. At baseline, we observed no significant differences in HRV or hormone replacement use between treatment groups. However, we did observe that Caucasian women and those taking antidepressant medications had lower levels of baseline HRV. After 6-months of exercise intervention, we observed a dose dependent increase in all parasympathetically derived time and frequency domain measurements across exercise groups after adjustment for age, ethnicity, antidepressants, and baseline rMSSD (all, P<0.001). For example, the parasympathetic index rMSSD was greater than control (23.19+/-1.0) for the 4-KKW (25.98+/-0.8; P = 0.14), 8-KKW (27.66+/-1.0; P<0.05), and 12-KKW (27.40+/-0.0; P<0.05) groups at follow-up.Moderate intensity exercise training exercise is sufficient to improve HRV in previously sedentary postmenopausal women in a dose-dependent manner, as 4-KKW is insufficient to improve parasympathetic indices of HRV, while 12-KKW conferred no greater improvement than 8-KKW.Clinicaltrials.gov NCT 00011193.
| S-EPMC2387062 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWe compared two different strategies providing professional coaching to administer an exercise program for women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP): individual training (IT) at home with trainer's supervision provided by telephone contacts at regular time-intervals or group training (GT) with trainer's live supervision. Our working hypothesis was that IT is a valid alternative to GT when GT is not feasible.Patients and methodsThis was a single-blind, randomized study. We recruited 52 women with POP, without significant comorbidity, and no participation in any structured exercise program within the previous 6 months. They were assigned randomly to IT or GT groups (n = 26 each). Distribution of age (IT: 68±4, GT: 67±8 years) and body mass index (IT: 23.0±2.5, GT: 21.4±5.1) was similar between groups. Each group performed the exercise program in two 1-hour sessions per week for 18 months. Primary outcome measure was Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), as measured by the Short Osteoporosis Quality of Life Questionnaire. Secondary outcome measures focused on domains acknowledged to influence HRQoL (disability, fear of falling, weekly physical activity, physical function) or the effectiveness of the exercise program (retention, adherence, and safety). Significance level was set at p < 0.05.ResultsNo significant differences were observed between IT and GT groups for any domain. Retention, adherence, and safety were also similar. HRQoL, disability and fear of falling did not change between baseline and follow-up for either group. However, for both groups, physical function (knee flexion, shoulder mobility) and functional capacity (6-minute walking test) improved. Weekly physical activity levels increased from moderate range at baseline to intense at final assessment for both groups.ConclusionIT and GT supervised exercise programs for women with POP provide similar effectiveness, participation and safety. Hence, both modalities should be considered for future translation in clinical practice of exercise recommendations for POP.
| S-EPMC9910200 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Patient adherence to many osteoporosis treatments, primarily bisphosphonates, is generally poor, thus leading to a significant reduction in antifracture efficacy. Patient perceptions about the necessity of the prescribed medication to treat osteoporosis and the concerns about the potential adverse effects are important and potentially modifiable determinants of adherence, in addition to other factors, such as difficult dosing regimens and high dosing frequency. Denosumab (Dmab) is a fully human monoclonal antibody against the receptor activator of nuclear factor-?B ligand (RANKL), which, through the prevention of the RANKL/RANK interaction, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and significantly reduces the risk of vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures. It is administered subcutaneously every 6 months for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Preference and adherence to Dmab treatment were assessed in various clinical trials. Although with some limitations, available data suggest that Dmab is preferred to bisphosphonates, produces greater satisfaction than bisphosphonates, and would be preferentially chosen for long-term treatment. Moreover, patient perceptions about the necessity of Dmab treatment clearly outweigh the concerns about the injections, and positive beliefs about treatment positively influence medication-taking behavior. According to these data, Dmab may represent a reasonable alternative to bisphosphonates, particularly for osteoporotic women in whom a suboptimal or even poor adherence to oral treatments is expected.
| S-EPMC4610882 | biostudies-literature