Dataset Information

3D-Non-destructive Imaging through Heavy-Metal Eosin Salt Contrast Agents.

ABSTRACT: Conventional histology is a destructive technique based on the evaluation of 2D slices of a 3D biopsy. By using 3D X-ray histology these obstacles can be overcome, but their application is still restricted due to the inherently low attenuation properties of soft tissue. In order to solve this problem, the tissue can be stained before X-ray computed tomography imaging (CT) to enhance the soft tissue X-ray contrast. Evaluation of brominated fluorescein salts revealed a mutual influence of the number of bromine atoms and the cations applied on the achieved contrast enhancement. The dibromo fluorescein barium salt turned out to be the ideal X-ray contrast agent, allowing for 3D imaging and subsequent complementing counterstaining applying standard histological techniques.

SUBMITTER: Busse M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7986394 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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3D-Non-destructive Imaging through Heavy-Metal Eosin Salt Contrast Agents.

Busse Madleen M Marciniszyn Jaroslaw P JP Ferstl Simone S Kimm Melanie A MA Pfeiffer Franz F Gulder Tanja T

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 20210205 14

Conventional histology is a destructive technique based on the evaluation of 2D slices of a 3D biopsy. By using 3D X-ray histology these obstacles can be overcome, but their application is still restricted due to the inherently low attenuation properties of soft tissue. In order to solve this problem, the tissue can be stained before X-ray computed tomography imaging (CT) to enhance the soft tissue X-ray contrast. Evaluation of brominated fluorescein salts revealed a mutual influence of the numb ...[more]

PMID: 33300642

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Project description:BackgroundSalt usage patterns have been associated with a risk of multiple diseases; however, their relationship with heavy metal exposure has not been extensively studied.MethodsThis study analyzed survey data from 11,574 NHANES participants. Weighted linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between the type of salt used by participants, the frequency of adding salt at the table, and the frequency of adding regular or seasoned salt to cooking or food preparation, and urinary concentrations of 10 heavy metals. Multiple sensitivity analyses were also performed.ResultsThe weighted regression analysis indicated that participants' salt usage patterns were associated with an increased urinary excretion of certain heavy metals. Specifically, regarding the type of salt used, compared to regular salt, the use of salt substitutes was significantly positively correlated with urinary molybdenum (Mo) levels, while not using salt or substitutes at the table was significantly positively correlated with urinary levels of both Mo and arsenic (As). In terms of the frequency of adding regular salt at the table, frequent addition compared to rarely adding salt was significantly positively correlated with urinary levels of cadmium (Cd), and antimony (Sb), while showing a significant negative correlation with urinary Mo levels. Additionally, when examining the frequency of using regular salt during cooking or food preparation, those who occasionally or very often added regular salt had significantly higher urinary levels of barium (Ba), cesium (Cs), and thallium (Tl) compared to those who never added regular salt during cooking. These associations remained stable in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionOur analysis revealed that participants' salt usage patterns are associated with increased excretion of certain heavy metals, suggesting possible increased exposures to these metals. While these findings are concerning, they require validation in other populations and should be confirmed through prospective studies designed based on this hypothesis.

Dataset Information

3D-Non-destructive Imaging through Heavy-Metal Eosin Salt Contrast Agents.

Publications

3D-Non-destructive Imaging through Heavy-Metal Eosin Salt Contrast Agents.

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