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Impact of COVID-19 on mental health and quality of life: Is there any effect? A cross-sectional study of the MENA region.

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis that has changed the life of millions globally. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the pandemic on mental health and quality of life among the general population in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. A total of 6142 adults from eighteen countries within the MENA region completed an online questionnaire between May and June 2020. Psychological impact was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the social and family support impact was assessed with questions from the Perceived Support Scale (PSS). The IES-R mean score was 29.3 (SD = 14.8), corresponding to mild stressful impact with 30.9% reporting severe psychological impact. Most participants (45%-62%) felt horrified, apprehensive, or helpless due to COVID-19. Furthermore, over 40% reported increased stress from work and financial matters. Higher IES-R scores were found among females, participants aged 26-35 years, those with lower educational level, and participants residing in the North Africa region (p<0.005). About 42% reported receiving increased support from family members, 40.5% were paying more attention to their mental health, and over 40% reported spending more time resting since the pandemic started. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with mild psychological impact while it also encouraged some positive impact on family support and mental health awareness among adults in the MENA region. Clinical interventions targeted towards vulnerable groups such as females and younger adults are needed.

SUBMITTER: Al Dhaheri AS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7993788 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:To assess the relationship between gastrointestinal conditions, restrictive diets, mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). DESIGN:Cross-sectional population-based face-to-face survey. SETTING:South Australia. PARTICIPANTS:A representative sample of 2912 consenting adults (48.9±18.1 years; 50.9% females) investigated in 2015. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Participants self-reported diagnosis of gastrointestinal conditions, mental health and current use of restrictive diets. The physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) of HRQoL were investigated (Study Short Form 12 V.1 questionnaire). Linear regression models were used to test the associations, adjusting for (1) sociodemographic variables, (2) mental health status and (3) lifestyle and body mass index. RESULTS:The prevalence of restrictive diets (36.1%; 95% CI 33.9 to 38.3) was higher among those with any self-reported gastrointestinal condition (60.7% vs 31.3% for those without these conditions; p<0.001). PCS was lower among those with a gastrointestinal condition (mean difference=-3.4; 95% CI -4.5 to -2.4) or on a restrictive diet (mean difference=-1.9; 95% CI -2.7 to -1.1), with a similar pattern, but with a smaller effect, observed for MCS. Being on a restrictive diet did not modify the relationship between having a gastrointestinal condition and reduced HRQoL. However, having a gastrointestinal condition was associated with a 2.4 points lower PCS (95% CI -3.5 to -1.3) among those without a mental health problem, while for those affected by a mental health condition this reduction was greater (mean difference=-5.9; 95% CI -8.7 to -3.1). For MCS, there was no evidence of interaction between mental health and gastrointestinal conditions. CONCLUSIONS:One-third of Australian adults are restricting their diet, and this is associated with lower HRQoL. Being on a restrictive diet was not associated with a better HRQoL among individuals with a gastrointestinal condition. Mental health problems were associated with a stronger adverse relationship between gastrointestinal diseases and physical HRQoL. Health professionals should be alert to these associations when trying to improve health outcomes for patients.

Project description:BackgroundFacial appearance and expressions influence social interaction. Hemifacial spasm (HFS), blepharospasm (BPS), and blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia (BOD) are common forms of craniofacial movement disorders. Few studies have focused on the mental burden and quality of life (QoL) in patients with craniofacial movement disorders. Therefore, this study investigated mental health and QoL in these patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 90 patients with craniofacial movement disorders (HFS, BPS, and BOD; 30 patients per group) and 30 healthy individuals without craniofacial movement disorders (control group) recruited from October 2019 to November 2020. All participants underwent QoL and mental health evaluations for depression, anxiety, and stigma using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 (HAMD-24) and a questionnaire related to stigma.ResultsDepression was diagnosed in 37 (41.11%) patients, whereas 30 patients (33.33%) had anxiety. HAMA scores were significantly higher in the BPS and BOD groups than in the control group. Nineteen patients (21.11%) experienced stigma and SF-36 scores were lower in various dimensions in the movement disorders groups compared to healthy controls. The role-physical and social function scores were significantly lower in the movement disorders groups than in the control group all p < 0.05. The vitality scores of the BPS group and mental health scores of the BPS and BOD groups were significantly lower than those of the control group. Correlation analysis showed that the eight dimensions of SF-36 correlated with education level, disease duration, HAMD score, and HAMA score (all p < 0.05). Regression analysis demonstrated that the HAMD score correlated with general health, vitality, social function, role-emotional, and mental health (all p < 0.05). The HAMA score correlated with body pain after adjusting for education level and disease duration.ConclusionThis study highlights the significant frequency of mental symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and stigma, which lower QoL in patients with craniofacial movement disorders.

Project description:PurposeThe high prevalence of COVID-19 has had an impact on the Quality of Life (QOL) of people across the world, particularly students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the social, lifestyle, and mental health aspects that are associated with QOL among university students in Lebanon.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was implemented using a convenience sampling approach. Data collection took place between November 2021 and February 2022, involving 329 undergraduate and graduate students from private and public universities. Quality of life was assessed using the Quality-of-Life Scale (QOLS). Descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, and linear regression-based methods were used to analyze the association between QOL and socio-demographic, health-related, lifestyle, and mental health factors. The significance level for statistical analysis was predetermined at α = 0.05.ResultsThe study participants' average (SD) QOL score was 76.03 (15.6) with a Cronbach alpha of 0.911. QOL was positively associated with importance of religion in daily decisions (β = 6.40, p = 0.006), household income (β = 5.25, p = 0.017), general health ratings (β Excellent/poor = 23.52, p <0.001), access to private counseling (β = 4.05, p = 0.020), physical exercise (β = 6.67, p <0.001), and a healthy diet (β = 4.62, p = 0.026); and negatively associated with cigarette smoking (β increased = -6.25, p = 0.030), internet use (β ≥4 hours = -7.01, p = 0.005), depression (β = -0.56, p = 0.002) and stress (β = -0.93, p <0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study reveals the key factors that positively and negatively influence students' quality of life (QOL). Factors such as religion, higher income, and a healthy diet improve QOL, while depression, stress, excessive internet use, and cigarette smoking negatively impact it. Universities should prioritize initiatives like physical activity promotion, affordable nutritious options, destigmatizing mental health, counseling services, and self-help interventions to support student well-being and enhance their QOL.

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Impact of COVID-19 on mental health and quality of life: Is there any effect? A cross-sectional study of the MENA region.

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