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Characterization of the Mycovirome of the Phytopathogenic Fungus, Neofusicoccum parvum.

ABSTRACT: Neofusicoccum parvum is a fungal plant-pathogen belonging to the family Botryosphaeriaceae, and is considered one of the most aggressive causal agents of the grapevine trunk disease (GTD) Botryosphaeria dieback. In this study, the mycovirome of a single strain of N. parvum (COLB) was characterized by high throughput sequencing analysis of total RNA and subsequent bioinformatic analyses. Contig annotations, genome completions, and phylogenetic analyses allowed us to describe six novel mycoviruses belonging to four different viral families. The virome is composed of two victoriviruses in the family Totiviridae, one alphaendornavirus in the family Endornaviridae, two mitoviruses in the family Mitoviridae, and one narnavirus belonging to the family Narnaviridae. The presence of the co-infecting viruses was confirmed by sequencing the RT-PCR products generated from total nucleic acids extracted from COLB. This study shows that the mycovirome of a single N. parvum strain is highly diverse and distinct from that previously described in N. parvum strains isolated from grapevines.

SUBMITTER: Marais A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7997348 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important plant-pathogenic fungus. Products based on microorganisms can be used in biocontrol strategies alternative to chemical control, and mycoviruses have been explored as putative biological agents in such approaches. Here, we have explored the mycovirome of B. cinerea isolates from grapevine of Italy and Spain to increase the knowledge about mycoviral diversity and evolution, and to search for new widely distributed mycoviruses that could be active ingredients in biological products to control this hazardous fungus. A total of 248 B. cinerea field isolates were used for our metatranscriptomic study. Ninety-two mycoviruses were identified: 62 new mycoviral species constituting putative novel viral genera and families. Of these mycoviruses, 57 had a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome, 19 contained a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome, 15 had a negative-sense ssRNA genome, and 1 contained a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome. In general, ssRNA mycoviruses were widely distributed in all sampled regions, the ssDNA mycovirus was more frequently found in Spain, and dsRNA mycoviruses were scattered in some pools of both countries. Some of the identified mycoviruses belong to clades that have never been found associated with Botrytis species: Botrytis-infecting narnaviruses; alpha-like, umbra-like, and tymo-like ssRNA+ mycoviruses; trisegmented ssRNA- mycovirus; bisegmented and tetrasegmented dsRNA mycoviruses; and finally, an ssDNA mycovirus. Among the results obtained in this massive mycovirus screening, the discovery of novel bisegmented viruses, phylogenetically related to narnaviruses, is remarkable.IMPORTANCE The results obtained here have expanded our knowledge of mycoviral diversity, horizontal transfers, and putative cross-kingdom events. To date, this study presents the most extensive and wide diversity collection of mycoviruses infecting the necrotrophic fungus B. cinerea The collection included all types of mycoviruses, with dsRNA, ssRNA+, ssRNA-, and ssDNA genomes, most of which were discovered here, and some of which were previously reported as infecting B. cinerea or other plant-pathogenic fungi. Some of these mycoviruses are reported for the first time here associated with B. cinerea, as a trisegmented ssRNA- mycovirus and as an ssDNA mycovirus, but even more remarkablly, we also describe here four novel bisegmented viruses (binarnaviruses) not previously described in nature. The present findings significantly contribute to general knowledge in virology and more particularly in the field of mycovirology.

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Characterization of the Mycovirome of the Phytopathogenic Fungus, Neofusicoccum parvum.

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