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Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes from the Use of Methyl 2-Pyridyl Ketoxime: Synthetic, Structural, and Physical Studies.

ABSTRACT: The first use of methyl 2-pyridyl ketoxime (mepaoH) in homometallic lanthanide(III) [Ln(III)] chemistry is described. The 1:2 reactions of Ln(NO₃)₃·nH₂O (Ln = Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy; n = 5, 6) and mepaoH in MeCN have provided access to complexes [Ln₂(O₂CMe)₄(NO₃)₂(mepaoH)₂] (Ln = Nd, 1; Ln = Eu, 2; Ln = Gd, 3; Ln = Tb, 4; Ln = Dy, 5); the acetato ligands derive from the Ln^III-mediated hydrolysis of MeCN. The 1:1 and 1:2 reactions between Dy(O₂CMe)₃·4H₂O and mepaoH in MeOH/MeCN led to the all-acetato complex [Dy₂(O₂CMe)₆(mepaoH)₂] (6). Treatment of 6 with one equivalent of HNO₃ gave 5. The structures of 1, 5, and 6 were solved by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Elemental analyses and IR spectroscopy provide strong evidence that 2-4 display similar structural characteristics with 1 and 5. The structures of 1-5 consist of dinuclear molecules in which the two Ln^III centers are bridged by two bidentate bridging (η¹:η¹:μ₂) and two chelating-bridging (η¹:η²:μ₂) acetate groups. The Ln^III atoms are each chelated by a N,N'-bidentate mepaoH ligand and a near-symmetrical bidentate nitrato group. The molecular structure of 6 is similar to that of 5, the main difference being the presence of two chelating acetato groups in the former instead of the two chelating nitrato groups in the latter. The geometry of the 9-coordinate Ln^III centers in 1, 5 and 6 can be best described as a muffin-type (MFF-9). The 3D lattices of the isomorphous 1 and 5 are built through H-bonding, π⋯π stacking and C-H⋯π interactions, while the 3D architecture of 6 is stabilized by H bonds. The IR spectra of the complexes are discussed in terms of the coordination modes of the organic and inorganic ligands involved. The Eu(III) complex 2 displays a red, metal-ion centered emission in the solid state; the Tb^III atom in solid 4 emits light in the same region with the ligand. Magnetic susceptibility studies in the 2.0-300 K range reveal weak antiferromagnetic intramolecular Gd^III…Gd^III exchange interactions in 3; the J value is -0.09(1) cm^-1 based on the spin Hamiltonian Ĥ = -J(Ŝ_Gd1·Ŝ_Gd2).

SUBMITTER: Polyzou CD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7999197 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:A family of four Ln(III) complexes has been synthesized with the general formula [Ln2(NO3)4(L)2(S)] (Ln = Gd, Tb, Er, and S = H2O; 1, 2 and 4, respectively/Ln = Dy, S = MeOH, complex 3), where HL is the flexible ditopic ligand N'-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)pyridine-2-carbohydrazide. The structures of isostructural MeOH/H2O solvates of these complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The two LnIII ions are doubly bridged by the deprotonated oxygen atoms of two "head-to-head" 2.21011 (Harris notation) L¯ ligands, forming a central, nearly rhombic {LnIII2(μ-OR)2}4+ core. Two bidentate chelating nitrato groups complete a sphenocoronal 10-coordination at one metal ion, while two bidentate chelating nitrato groups and one solvent molecule (H2O or MeOH) complete a spherical capped square antiprismatic 9-coordination at the other. The structures are critically compared with those of other, previously reported metal complexes of HL or L¯. The IR spectra of 1-4 are discussed in terms of the coordination modes of the organic and inorganic ligands involved. The f-f transitions in the solid-state (diffuse reflectance) spectra of the Tb(III), Dy(III), and Er(III) complexes have been fully assigned in the UV/Vis and near-IR regions. Magnetic susceptibility studies in the 1.85-300 K range reveal the presence of weak, intramolecular GdIII∙∙∙GdIII antiferromagnetic exchange interactions in 1 [J/kB = -0.020(6) K based on the spin Hamiltonian Ĥ = -2J(ŜGd1∙ ŜGd2)] and probably weak antiferromagnetic LnIII∙∙∙LnIII exchange interactions in 2-4. Ac susceptibility measurements in zero dc field do not show frequency dependent out-of-phase signals, and this experimental fact is discussed for 3 in terms of the magnetic anisotropy axis for each DyIII center and the oblate electron density of this metal ion. Complexes 3 and 4 are Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) and this behavior is optimally observed under external dc fields of 600 and 1000 Oe, respectively. The magnetization relaxation pathways are discussed and a satisfactory fit of the temperature and field dependencies of the relaxation time τ was achieved considering a model that employs Raman, direct, and Orbach relaxation mechanisms.

Project description:The chiral nonaazamacrocyclic amine L, which is a reduction product of the 3 + 3 Schiff base macrocycle, wraps around the lanthanide(III) ions to form enantiopure helical complexes. These Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Er(III), Yb(III) and Lu(III) complexes have been isolated in enantiopure form and have been characterized by spectroscopic methods. X-ray crystal structures of the Ln(III) complexes with L show that the thermodynamic product of the complexation of the RRRRRR-isomer of the macrocycle is the (M)-helical complex in the case of Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III) and Eu(III). In contrast, the (P)-helical complex is the thermodynamic product in the case of Yb(III) and Lu(III). The NMR and CD spectra show that the (M)-helicity for the kinetic complexation product of the RRRRRR-isomer of the macrocycle is preferred for all investigated lanthanide(III) ions, while the preferred helicity of the thermodynamic product is (M) for the early lanthanide(III) ions and (P) for the late lanthanide(III) ions. In the case of the late lanthanide(III) ions, a slow inversion of helicity between the kinetic (M)-helical product and the thermodynamic (P)-helical product is observed in solution. For Er(III), Yb(III) and Lu(III) both forms have been isolated in pure form and characterized by NMR and CD. The analysis of 2D NMR spectra of the Lu(III) complex reveals the NOE correlations that prove that the helical structure is retained in solution. The NMR spectra also reveal large isotopic effect on the 1H NMR shifts of paramagnetic Ln(III) complexes, related to NH/ND exchange. Photophysical measurements show that L(RRRRRR) appears to favor an efficient 3pipi*-to-Ln energy transfer process taking place for Eu(III) and Tb(III), but these Eu(III)- and Tb(III)-containing complexes with L(RRRRRR) lead to small luminescent quantum yields due to an incomplete intersystem crossing (isc) transfer, a weak efficiency of the luminescence sensitization by the ligand, and/or efficient nonradiative deactivation processes. Circularly polarized luminescence on the MeOH solutions of Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes confirms the presence of stable chiral emitting species and the observation of almost perfect mirror-image CPL spectra for these compounds with both enantiomeric forms of L.

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Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes from the Use of Methyl 2-Pyridyl Ketoxime: Synthetic, Structural, and Physical Studies.

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