Past Year Cannabis Use Among Norwegian Adolescents: Time Trends Based on the Ungdata Surveys 2010-2019.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Heradstveit O
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8007792 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:BackgroundPrevalence of cannabis use has been increasing among select subgroups in the US; however, trend analyses typically examine prevalence of use across years. We sought to determine whether there is seasonal variation in use.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a repeated cross-sectional survey of nationally representative probability samples of noninstitutionalized populations age ≥12 in the US. Quarterly trends in any past-month cannabis use were estimated using data from 2015-2019 (N = 282,768).ResultsPrevalence of past-month cannabis use increased significantly from 2015 to 2019 from 8.3%-11.5%, a 38.2 % increase (P < 0.001). Prevalence increased across calendar quarters on average from 8.9 % in January-March to 10.1 % in October-December, a 13.0 % increase (P < 0.001). Controlling for survey year and participant demographics, each subsequent quarter was associated with a 6% increase in odds for use (aOR=1.06, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.07). There were significant increases by quarter among all subgroups of sex, race/ethnicity, education, and among most adult age groups (Ps<0.05), with a 52.7 % increase among those age ≥65. Prevalence also significantly increased among those without a medical cannabis prescription and those not proxy-diagnosed with cannabis use disorder (Ps<0.01), suggesting recreational use may be driving increases more than medical or more chronic use. Those reporting past-year LSD or blunt use in particular were more likely to report higher prevalence of use later in the year (a 4.9 % and 3.3 % absolute increase, respectively; Ps<0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of cannabis use increases throughout the year, independently of annual increases.
| S-EPMC7855903 | biostudies-literature
Project description:METHODS:Data are from an online survey of 482 adolescents (aged 15-19 years) living in states with legalized retail cannabis. Youth were asked about their engagement with cannabis promotions, including whether they liked/followed cannabis businesses on social media (Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram), had a favorite cannabis brand, or could see themselves owning/wearing a cannabis-branded product. Youth also self-reported cannabis use in the past year. We used logistic regression with a Bonferroni correction to compare the odds of cannabis use among youth with different levels of engagement with cannabis promotions and brands after controlling for demographics. RESULTS:After adjusting for several possible confounders, youth who liked or followed a cannabis business on at least one social media platform had 5 times higher odds of past-year cannabis use (aOR = 5.00, 95% CI: 2.47, 10.09, p < 0.001). Youth who thought it was likely that they would own or wear cannabis-branded merchandise (aOR = 6.93, 95% CI: 4.45, 10.78, p < 0.001) or who had a favorite cannabis brand (aOR = 7.98, 95% CI: 4.90, 13.00, p < 0.001) had nearly 8 times greater odds of past-year cannabis use. CONCLUSION:Youth who engage with cannabis promotions and brands had higher odds of past-year cannabis use. Jurisdictions with retail cannabis may want to consider restrictions to limit youth engagement with cannabis promotions.
| S-EPMC6878135 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to examine adolescents' self-reported exposure to cannabis marketing in states with legalized cannabis and its association with past-year cannabis use. METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional, online panel survey of 469 adolescents aged 15-19 years residing in four states with legal retail cannabis for adult use. Adolescents self-reported exposure to cannabis marketing on social or traditional media (i.e., outdoor or print) and past-year cannabis use. Logistic regression generated estimated odds of youths' past-year cannabis use by marketing exposure after adjusting for demographic factors and cannabis-related social norms. RESULTS:Exposure to cannabis marketing on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram was associated with increased odds of past-year cannabis use of 96% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15%-234%), 88% (95% CI: 11%-219%), and 129% (95% CI: 32%-287%), respectively. Odds of past-year cannabis use increased by 48% (95% CI: 16%-87%) with each additional social media platform where adolescents reported exposure. CONCLUSIONS:Despite restrictions that prohibit cannabis advertising on social media, adolescents are exposed to cannabis marketing via social media, and this exposure is associated with recent cannabis use. States should consider further regulation of cannabis marketing on social media.
| S-EPMC6980270 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background Despite good evidence that the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is increasing in the general population, no data are available about trends in poststroke SDB. We therefore sought to assess changes in poststroke SDB over a 10-year period (2010-2019). Methods and Results Participants in the BASIC (Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi) project were offered a home sleep apnea test to assess for SDB after stroke. SDB assessment procedures remained unchanged throughout the study period. Respiratory event index was calculated as the sum of apneas and hypopneas per hour of recording. SDB was defined as respiratory event index ≥10/h for optimal sensitivity and specificity of the home sleep apnea test device compared with in-laboratory polysomnography. Regression models were used to test associations between SDB prevalence and severity and time, with adjustment for multiple potential confounders. Among the 1215 participants who completed objective sleep apnea testing, the prevalence of SDB grew from 61% in the first year of the study to 76% in the last, with 1.1 times higher odds each year (95% CI, 1.07-1.19), after adjustment. A linear association was identified between time and respiratory event index (average annual respiratory event index increase of 0.56/h; 95% CI, 0.20/h-0.91/h), after adjustment. There was no difference in time trends by sex or ethnicity. Conclusions The prevalence and severity of SDB after ischemic stroke has increased over the past 10 years in this population-based cohort. These data highlight the need to determine whether SDB treatment improves stroke outcomes.
| S-EPMC9245813 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Heart failure (HF) remains a major public health challenge worldwide. Contemporary epidemiological data on HF hospitalization rates and related in-hospital mortality are scarce also in Poland. The aim of the study was to determine the trends in hospitalization rates due to HF and related in-hospital mortality in Poland in the recent decade. Data on HF hospitalizations and in-hospital mortality in patients aged >17 years in Poland between 2010 and 2019 were obtained from the central database of the Polish National Health Fund. Hospitalizations with either primary or secondary diagnosis of HF were identified using the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems codes (I50, I42, J81 with extensions, and R57.0). There were 4 259 698 HF hospitalizations and 608 577 in-hospital deaths (14% in-hospital mortality) reported during 2010-2019 in Poland. During this period, there was a steady increase in the number of HF hospitalizations per 1000 inhabitants in subsequent years, being more pronounced in men than in women (in 2019: 16 and 13 HF hospitalizations per 1000 inhabitants in men and women, respectively). The relative risk of HF hospitalization was higher in men than in women, and this gender-related difference steadily increased from 9% in 2010 to 25% in 2019. During 2010-2019, there was an increase in the number of HF hospitalizations per 1000 inhabitants in subsequent age groups, with a trend being more pronounced in men than in women (129 and 99 HF hospitalizations per 1000 inhabitants in men and women aged ≥80 years, respectively). During this period, there was a slight increase in in-hospital mortality during HF hospitalization in subsequent years, being more pronounced in women than in men (in 2019: 16% and 14% of in-hospital mortality in women and men, respectively). The relative risk of in-hospital mortality during HF hospitalization was higher in women than in men, and this gender-related difference steadily increased from 8% in 2010 to 18% in 2019. During this period, in-hospital mortality during HF hospitalization was ~12% for women and men aged 18-29 years, whereas the highest values of in-hospital mortality reached ~19% for patients aged ≥80 years. We have observed steady growing trends in HF hospitalization rates and related in-hospital mortality in Poland over the last decade. Both age and gender have differentiated the reported epidemiological patterns.
| S-EPMC7754958 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:The importance of healthy eating in adolescence is well established. The present study examined possible effects of the free Norwegian School Fruit Scheme (NSFS), changes in dietary habits between 1995 and 2008, and whether secular changes in dietary habits differed among schools who implemented the NSFS during September 2007. METHOD:We used data from the Young-HUNT1 survey conducted from 1995 to 1997 and the Young-HUNT3 survey conducted from 2006 to 2008, which are part of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), a longitudinal population health study. To evaluate the NSFS, the date Young-HUNT3 participants answered the questionnaire was used to identify affiliation to the intervention group (post-September 2007, n?=?1892) or control group (pre-September 2007, n?=?2855). To explore dietary habits over time, adolescents attending the same schools in Young-HUNT1 (n?=?4137) and Young-HUNT3 (n?=?4113) were included. Further, we investigated secular changes in dietary habits according to school type (intervention schools vs control schools). In all analysis, we explored possible differential effects according to socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. A questionnaire measured adolescents' consumption of fruit, vegetables, candy, potato chips, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB). Educational intention was used as a proxy for SES. Multilevel logistic regression was used. RESULTS:Within Young-HUNT3, the intervention group showed increased odds of daily consumption of fruit (aOR 1.7, 95% CI?=?1.3-2.4) compared to the control group. Over time, adolescents were more likely to consume fruit (aOR?=?1.48, 95% CI?=?1.28-1.71), vegetables (OR?=?1.41, 95% CI?=?1.28-1.53), potato chips (aOR?=?1.60, 95% CI?=?1.26-2.04) and SSB (OR?=?2.02, 95% CI?=?1.66-2.45). Secular changes for fruit differed by school type: adolescents in intervention schools had higher odds of daily consumption (aOR?=?1.82, 95% CI?=?1.38-2.38) than those in control schools (aOR 1.26, 95% CI?=?1.07-1.47). CONCLUSION:The results indicated that the NSFS increased adolescents' fruit consumption. In the period assessed, the study identified positive and negative changes in adolescents' dietary habits.
| S-EPMC6868806 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:This study sought to describe the prevalence of regular past year cannabis use (i.e., at least monthly use) in women veterans, to characterize women veterans reporting this level of use, and to examine the independent contributions of sexual trauma across the lifespan on regular past year cannabis use. METHODS:A national online survey on women veterans' health, with targeted oversampling of lesbian and bisexual women, collected data from US armed forces women veterans, 18 or older, living in the US (N?=?636). RESULTS:Eleven percent of women reported regular cannabis use (5% heterosexual women; 21% lesbian/bisexual women). In bivariate analysis, identifying as a sexual and/or racial ethnic minority, younger age, being unmarried, reporting lower income, receiving VA services, smoking tobacco, and screening positive for alcohol misuse were positively associated with regular cannabis use. Additionally, a greater percentage of cannabis users reported experiencing childhood and adult sexual trauma and screened positive for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) when compared to peers who did not use any drugs. In a multivariate model, the number of life eras women endorsed experiencing sexual trauma was significantly associated with regular cannabis use even when adjusting for demographic variables and PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:Among women veterans, regular cannabis use is fairly common among those who are sexual and racial/ethnic minorities, younger, unmarried, receiving VA services, and reporting alcohol or tobacco use, PTSD symptoms, and/or multiple sexual traumas across the lifespan. Screening and assessment may be important to consider in healthcare settings serving this veteran population.
| S-EPMC6716375 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Biomonitoring studies are helpful tools and can increase our knowledge on time trends in human blood concentrations of PFASs: how they relate to emission trends and the potential prenatal exposure for future generations. In this study, serum was sampled in cross-sections of men and women who were 30 years old in each of the years 1986, 1994, 2001, and 2007 in Northern Norway and analyzed for 23 PFASs. Differences in serum concentrations across sampling years were investigated graphically and with significance testing and compared with those observed in our previous longitudinal study using repeated individual measurements in older men in the same years. The results demonstrate overall increasing blood burdens of PFASs in men and women in reproductively active ages during 1986-2001 and decreases until 2007. However, longer chained PFASs were still increasing in 2007 indicating divergent time trends between the different PFASs, underlining the importance of continued biomonitoring. Comparisons between 30-year-old men and older men within the same population demonstrated variation in time trends in the exact same years, underlining that biomonitoring studies must regard historic exposures and birth cohort effects.
| S-EPMC8357677 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeIn this investigation, we aimed to describe trends in time to acceptance (TTA) and time to online publication (TTOP) of research published in leading radiation oncology journals from 2010 to 2019. We further sought to identify journal characteristics that might influence TTA and TTOP.Methods and materialsWe searched the publication history of 5 leading international radiation oncology journals. For all research articles accepted from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, we tabulated the date of article receipt, the date of acceptance, and the date of online publication when available. The TTA was calculated as the number of elapsed days from article receipt to acceptance, and the TTOP was calculated as the number of elapsed days from article acceptance to online publication. Using the Mann-Kendall test, we assessed for monotonic trends over time and used the post hoc Theil-Sen method to estimate rates of change. We created a multiple regression model to identify journal characteristics associated with TTA and TTOP.ResultsIn total, 10,132 articles were included. Both the TTA and the TTOP decreased significantly from 2010 to 2019 (P = .005 and P < .001, respectively), with an estimated decrease of 1.5 days per year for the TTA and 7.0 days per year for the TTOP. Multiple regression modeling revealed that a higher journal impact factor was independently associated with an increased TTA (P < .001) and a decreased TTOP (P < .001). A higher number of accepted journal articles per year was associated with a decreased TTA (P < .001) and an increased TTOP (P < .001).ConclusionsRadiation oncology research has been accepted and published online at increasingly faster rates during the past decade. The TTA may be longer in higher-impact, more selective journals, possibly suggesting a need for comprehensive peer review and complex editorial decisions. However, these articles are also published online faster after article acceptance. Future work examining patterns of acceptance and publication speed is needed to encourage rapid dissemination of practice-guiding data.
| S-EPMC8749203 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceLittle is known about how telemedicine use was evolving before the broad changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Understanding prepandemic patterns of telemedicine use can inform ongoing debates on the future of telemedicine policy.ObjectiveTo describe trends in telemedicine utilization among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries before the COVID-19 pandemic and the specialties of clinicians providing telemedicine.Design setting and participantsThis was a cross-sectional study and descriptive analysis of telemedicine utilization by 10.4 million fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries from 2010 to 2019. Data analysis was performed from June 6, 2019, to July 30, 2020.Main outcomes and measuresRates of telemedicine utilization, characteristics of beneficiaries who received telemedicine in 2010 to 2019, and specialties of clinicians delivering telemedicine.ResultsOf 10.4 million rural Medicare beneficiaries, telemedicine was used by 91 483 individuals (age ≥65 years, 47 135 [51.5%]; women, 51 476 [56.3%]; and White, 76 467 [83.6%] individuals) in 2019. In 2010 to 2019, telemedicine visits grew by 23.1% annually. A total of 0.9% of all fee-for-service rural beneficiaries had a telemedicine visit in 2019 compared with 0.2% in 2010. In 2019, there were 257 979 telemedicine visits or 34.8 visits per 1000 rural beneficiaries and most (75.9%) of these visits were for mental health conditions. Patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia (3.0% of rural beneficiaries) received 40% of all telemedicine visits in 2019. Some traditionally disadvantaged and underserved groups comprised a larger share of telemedicine users than nonusers in 2019, such as those dually insured with Medicaid (56.9% of users vs 18.6% of nonusers; adjusted odd ratio, 3.83; 95% CI, 3.77-3.89). In 2010 to 2019, telemedicine for mental health conditions shifted away from psychiatrists (71.2% to 35.8% of all telemedicine visits) to nonphysician clinicians, eg, nurse practitioners, psychologists, and social workers (21.4% to 57.2%). There was wide variation in telemedicine utilization in 2019 across counties: median (IQR), 16.0 (2.5-51.4) telemedicine users per 1000 beneficiaries). In 891 counties (29% of all US counties), at least 10% of beneficiaries with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia used a telemedicine service in 2019.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cross-sectional study of telemedicine utilization before the COVID-19 pandemic, there was sustained growth in telemedicine visits among rural beneficiaries covered by the Medicare program, especially care delivered by nurse practitioners and other nonphysician clinicians. The prepandemic model of telemedicine provided in local health care settings may be a viable modality to maintain in rural communities.
| S-EPMC8727042 | biostudies-literature