Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

27 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

RISK FACTORS OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT HOSPITALS IN JEMBER CITY INDONESIA.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Healthcare workers in Tuberculosis (TB) and non-TB units in hospitals have a high risk of experiencing Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI), because of exposure to droplets containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study aims to prove LTBI incidence and risk factors to healthcare workers at the hospital in Jember City.

Material and methods

a cross-sectional study, from January to March 2020 in two hospitals in Jember City. Healthcare workers in the TB care and non-TB care unit were examined using Tuberculin skin test (TST) with a cut off ≥ 10 mm for positive LTBI. Chest x-ray and clinical examination to rule out active TB and a standardized questionnaire were also used.

Results

128 healthcare workers completed the questionnaires, clinical, tuberculin skin test (TST), and chest x-ray data. LTBI incidence of positive results 61.7% (n = 79). Contacts TB in the workplace (p value = 0.219; OR = 1.643; CI = 0.742-3.641) and a unit of work (p value = 0.102; OR = 0.760; CI = 0.559-1.031) has no relationship with LTBI. The profession (p value = 0.020; OR = 1.112; CI = 0.896-1.403), the duration of the work (p value = 0.039; OR = 2.984; CI = 1.067-8.342), and BCG immunization (p value =0.000; OR = 0.151; CI = 0.052-0.438) have important relationships with LTBI.

Conclusion

TB infection with a high incidence, a risk of transmission to healthcare workers, and a relationship between occupational risk factors and LTBI among healthcare workers in Jember City, Indonesia have been established in this study.

SUBMITTER: Wardani HR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8047285 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

The Prevalence and Demographic Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Among Healthcare Workers in Semarang, Indonesia.

Project description:Purpose:To determine the prevalence and demographic risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among healthcare workers in Semarang, Indonesia. Methods:A cross-sectional study involving 195 healthcare workers from 34 primary health centers was conducted from August to October 2019. The relationship between independent variables and dependent variables was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results:The prevalence of LTBI among healthcare workers in this study was 23.6%. Comorbidities were the only risk factor for LTBI identified among other risk factors (OR=3.39, 95% CI: 0.99-11.62, p=0.04). Other demographic factors such as age (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.45-1.92, p=0.839), gender (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.23-2.72, p=0.708, smoking habits (OR=2.54, 95% CI: 0.52-12.38, p=0.247), and length of work (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 0.70-2.91, p=0.331) were not significant risk factors for LTBI. Conclusion:Healthcare workers suffering from comorbidity have a high risk for tuberculosis infection, and should not work in areas where they would be exposed to patients with tuberculosis. Healthcare workers need to apply occupational safety standards during contact with TB patients or specimens to minimize the disease transmission.

| S-EPMC7038397 | biostudies-literature

Prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers in Morocco.

Project description:Increased prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been observed among high-risk populations such as healthcare workers (HCWs). The results may depend on the method of LTBI assessment, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and/or tuberculin skin test (TST). Here, we investigated the prevalence and risk factors for LTBI assessed by both IGRAs and TST in HCWs living in Morocco, a country with intermediate tuberculosis (TB) endemicity and high BCG vaccination coverage. HCWs were recruited in two Moroccan hospitals, Rabat and Meknes. All the participants underwent testing for LTBI by both IGRA (QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube, QFT-GIT) and TST. Different combinations of IGRA and TST results defined the LTBI status. Risk factors associated with LTBI were investigated using a mixed-effect logistic regression model. The prevalence of LTBI among 631 HCWs (age range 18-60 years) varied from 40.7% (95%CI 36.9-44.5%) with QFT-GIT to 52% (95%CI 48.2-56.0%) with TST using a 10 mm cut-off. The highest agreement between QFT-GIT and TST (κ = 0.50; 95%CI 0.43-0.56) was observed with the 10 mm cut-off for a positive TST. For a definition of LTBI status using a double positive result for both QFT-GIT and TST, significant associations were found with the following risk factors: being male (OR = 2.21; 95%CI 1.40-3.49; p = 0.0007), belonging to age groups 35-44 years (OR = 2.43; 95%CI 1.45-4.06; p = 0.0007) and even more 45-60 years (OR = 4.81; 95%CI 2.72-8.52; p = 7.10-8), having a family history of TB (OR = 6.62; 95%CI 2.59-16.94; p = 8.10-5), and working at a pulmonology unit (OR = 3.64; 95%CI 1.44-9.23; p = 0.006). Smoking was associated with LTBI status when defined by a positive QFT-GIT result (OR = 1.89; 95%CI 1.12-3.21; p = 0.02). A high prevalence of LTBI was observed among HCWs in two Moroccan hospitals. Male gender, increased age, family history of TB, and working at a pulmonology unit were consistent risk factors associated with LTBI.

| S-EPMC6695119 | biostudies-literature

Incidence of occupational latent tuberculosis infection in South African healthcare workers.

Project description:The test-specific incidence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in healthcare workers from sub-Saharan Africa is unknown. 505 healthcare workers from South Africa were screened at baseline, and after 12 months, with a questionnaire, the tuberculin skin test (TST), and two T-cell assays (T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON-TB Gold-In-Tube). Test-specific conversion rates were calculated. The prevalence of presumed LTBI at baseline was 84, 69 and 62% using the TST, QuantiFERON-TB Gold-In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB, respectively. The annual test-specific conversion rate, depending on the cut-off point used, was as follows: TST 38%; QuantiFERON-TB Gold-In-Tube 13-22%; and T-SPOT.TB 18-22%. Annual reversion rates were 4, 7 and 16%, respectively. The annual TST conversion rate was significantly higher than that derived from published local community-based data (IRR 3.53, 95% CI 1.81-6.88). Factors associated with conversion (any test) included healthcare sector of employment, counselling of tuberculosis patients, and a baseline positive TST (for T-SPOT.TB). The annual rate of tuberculosis infection in South African healthcare workers was very high, irrespective of the testing method used, and may be explained by occupational exposure, as the rate was considerably higher than non-healthcare workers from the same community. Collectively, these data support the need for implementation of tuberculosis-specific infection control measures in Africa.

| S-EPMC5523975 | biostudies-literature

Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Healthcare Workers: 10-Year Experience at a Single Center.

Project description:Background:The risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis among healthcare workers (HCWs) is estimated to be higher than the general population. However, HCW acceptance and compliance with available latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment regimens has been problematic. Recently, regimens have become available that might improve HCW acceptance and compliance with LTBI treatment. Methods:A retrospective single-center review of Employee Health and Wellness Services records of all HCWs diagnosed with LTBI was conducted. HCWs diagnosed with LTBI were offered 9-month isoniazid (INH), 4-month rifampin (RIF), weekly rifapentine/isoniazid (RPT/INH) for 12 weeks, or no treatment. Acceptance, completion rates, and side effects were reported for each regimen. Comparisons of regimens were assessed using Fisher exact test. Results:Between 2005 and 2014, 363 of 927 (39%) HCWs diagnosed with LTBI accepted treatment. Of 363, 202 chose INH, 106 RIF, and 55 RPT/INH. Completion rates for each regimen were 58%, 80%, and 87%, respectively. HCWs were significantly more likely to have completed treatment with RIF (P < .0001) or RPT/INH (P < .0001) than INH. Rates of discontinuation owing to side effects were 35% for INH, 21% for RIF, and 10% for RPT/INH. Discontinuation of therapy due to side effects was significantly more frequent in the INH than the RPT/INH group (P = .0042). Conclusions:Completion of RIF and RPT/INH for LTBI in an HCW population is more likely than INH. Rates of discontinuation due to side effects were lower among those taking RPT/INH. Shorter LTBI treatment regimens should be more widely considered for HCWs in the United States.

| S-EPMC5850550 | biostudies-literature

Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Associated Factors among Health Care Workers in Kigali, Rwanda.

Project description:IntroductionData are limited regarding tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection prevalence in Rwandan health facilities.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Kigali during 2010. We purposively selected the public referral hospital, both district hospitals, and randomly selected 7 of 17 health centers. School workers (SWs) from the nearest willing public schools served as a local reference group. We tested for latent TB infection (LTBI) using tuberculin skin testing (TST) and asked about past TB disease. We assessed risk of LTBI and past history of TB disease associated with hospital employment. Among HCWs, we assessed risk associated with facility type (district hospital, referral hospital, health center), work setting (inpatient, outpatient), and occupation.ResultsAge, gender, and HIV status was similar between the enrolled 1,131 HCWs and 381 SWs. LTBI was more prevalent among HCWs (62%) than SWs (39%). Adjusted odds of a positive TST result were 2.71 (95% CI 2.01-3.67) times greater among HCWs than SWs. Among HCWs, there was no detectable difference between prevalence of LTBI according to facility type, work setting, or occupation.ConclusionHCWs are at greater risk of LTBI, regardless of facility type, work setting, or occupation. The current status of TB infection control practices should be evaluated in the entire workforce in all Rwandan healthcare facilities.

| S-EPMC4412475 | biostudies-literature

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Care Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Project description:BackgroundHealth care workers (HCWs) are at risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). In China, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, but the prevalence of LTBI in HCWs especially in the hospital for pulmonary diseases has not been assessed enough. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and putative risk factors of LTBI among HCWs in a chest hospital and a TB research institute in China.Methodology/principal findingsA cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs in China in 2012. LTBI was assessed by T-SPOT.TB, and information on HCWs was collected using a standardised questionnaire. Risk factors for LTBI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression. The overall prevalence of LTBI among HCWs was 33.6%. Analyzed by job category, the highest prevalence was found among laboratory staff (43.4%). In the different workplaces, the proportion of LTBI was significantly higher among the high risk workplaces (37.4%) compared to the low risk workplaces. The duration of employment had a significant impact on the prevalence of LTBI. Positive T-SPOT.TB test results accounted for 17.6%, 16.8%, 23.5%, 41.8% and 41.6% in groups of ≤2, 3-5, 6-10, 11-20, and >20 working years respectively. In multivariate analysis, job categories (Laboratory staff [2.76 (95% CI: 1.36; 5.60)], technician staff [2.02 (95% CI: 1.12; 3.64)]); working duration as a HCW for 11 to 20 years [3.57 (95% CI: 1.46; 8.71)], and 20 years above [3.41 (95% CI: 1.28; 9.11)]; and the history of household TB contact [2.47 (95% CI: 1.15; 5.33)] were associated with increased risk of LTBI.Conclusions/significancePrevalence of LTBI estimated by T-SPOT.TB is high among Chinese HCWs and working duration, job category and the history of household TB contact were associated with increased risk. These data highlight adequate infection control measures should be undertaken.

| S-EPMC3688921 | biostudies-literature

Prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis among healthcare workers in Chinese tuberculosis facilities.

Project description:BackgroundChina is one of 22 countries with a high tuberculosis (TB) burden in the world. Healthcare workers (HCWs) have a high risk of contracting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection due to insufficient infection control practices. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the prevalence of TB and its associated risk factors among HCWs in Chinese TB facilities.MethodsTwo hundred and forty-one TB facilities employing a total of 9663 HCWs were selected from 12 provinces in China to represent healthcare settings at the provincial, prefectural, and county levels. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information on TB infection control practices and HCWs in those facilities. Data was double entered into EpiData 3.1; TB prevalence and associated risk factors were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 with bivariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsThe results showed that 71 HCWs had been diagnosed with TB, accounting for a prevalence of 760/100 000. The multivariate analysis showed that associated risk factors included belonging to the age group of 51 years and above (aOR: 6.17, 95% CI: 1.35-28.28), being a nurse (aOR =?3.09, 95% CI: 1.15-8.32), implementation of 0-9 items of management measures (aOR =?2.57, 95% CI: 1.37-4.80), and implementation of 0-1 items of ventilation measures (aOR =?2.42, 95% CI: 1.31-4.47).ConclusionThis was the first national large sampling survey on TB prevalence among HCWs in China. It was found that the implementation of TB infection control practices in some facilities was poor. The TB prevalence in HCWs was higher than that in the general population. Therefore, TB infection control practices in Chinese medical facilities should be strengthened.

| S-EPMC5872547 | biostudies-literature

Circulating granulysin levels in healthcare workers and latent tuberculosis infection estimated using interferon-gamma release assays.

Project description:Granulysin (GNLY) is produced by human lymphocyte subpopulations and exhibits antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We examined the association between GNLY levels in blood and latent tuberculosis (TB) infection.Latency of TB infection among Vietnamese healthcare workers was estimated using interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA), and serum GNLY concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The levels of GNLY expression in whole blood and the presence of GNLY alleles with the exon-4 polymorphism rs11127 were also determined using PCR-based methods.Among 109 study participants, 41 (37.6 %) were IGRA positive and had significantly lower serum GNLY concentrations compared with IGRA-negative participants (adjusted mean, 95 % confidence interval; 2.03, 1.72-2.44 vs. 2.48, 2.10-2.92 ng/ml, P = 0.0127; analysis of covariance). Serum GNLY concentrations and TB antigen-stimulated interferon-gamma values were weakly inversely correlated (r = -0.20, P = 0.0333). Serum GNLY concentrations varied with GNLY genotypes even after adjustment for gender and age (adjusted P = 0.0015) and were moderately correlated with GNLY expression in blood cells (r = 0.40, P < 0.0001). In subsequent analyses, low serum GNLY concentrations were significantly associated with IGRA status (adjusted odds ratio and 95 % confidence interval, 0.55 and 0.31-0.98, respectively), although GNLY genotype and mRNA levels were not.Decreased GNLY, presumably at the protein level, is linked to the immunological condition of latent TB infection.

| S-EPMC5070182 | biostudies-literature

Screening and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers at a Referral Hospital in Korea.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Healthcare workers (HCWs) have a high risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. Since August 2017, Korea has mandated the testing of latent TB infection (LTBI) and recommended treatment from HCWs at medical institutions. However, the acceptance/completion rate and adverse events of LTBI treatment have not been analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS:From February to August 2017, we conducted a retrospective study at a referral university hospital in Korea, to screen the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) tests conducted for all HCWs for detecting and treating LTBI. HCWs diagnosed with LTBI were offered a 9-month isoniazid (9H), 3-month isoniazid/rifampin (3HR), or 4-month rifampin regimen. We investigated the acceptance/completion rate, adverse events, and causes of discontinuation or change in LTBI medication. A major adverse event was one wherein a patient had any adverse event ≥grade 3 causing LTBI treatment interruption. RESULTS:Of the 1,538 HCWs, 1,379 underwent IGRA testing for LTBI. Among them, 13.6% (187/1,379) tested positive and 73.3% (137/187) received treatment. The overall completion rate was 97.8% (134/137). HCWs were significantly more likely to complete first-line therapy with 3HR than with 9H (91.4% vs. 76.7%, P = 0.02). The most common major adverse event was hepatotoxicity (n = 7), followed by thrombocytopenia (n = 1) and anaphylactic shock (n = 1). Hepatotoxicity and hepatotoxicity (≥ grade 2) were more frequent in 9H than in 3HR (39.5% vs. 17.2%, P = 0.006 and 18.6% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.005, respectively). The median time to hepatotoxicity was 96 days (interquartile range, 20 - 103 days). CONCLUSION:Completion of first-line therapy for LTBI is more likely with 3HR than with 9H. This might be related to the development of hepatotoxicity after around 3 months of treatment. Anaphylactic shock and platelet count should be carefully monitored in those receiving rifampin-containing regimens.

| S-EPMC6940377 | biostudies-literature

Evaluation and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers in Korea: A multicentre cohort analysis.

Project description:ObjectiveHealthcare workers (HCWs) are one of the target groups for systematic testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in a setting of low TB incidence. We performed this study to describe the testing of HCWs for LTBI and analyse the acceptance and completion of treatment of LTBI.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in four university-affiliated hospitals between January 1 and December 31, 2018. HCWs with positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) during LTBI screening were analysed. We assessed the acceptance and completion of LTBI treatment.ResultsOverall, 893 HCWs were IGRA positive. Among them, 609 HCWs visited the clinic for evaluation of LTBI. Of 609 HCWs who were evaluated, 302 (49.6%) were offered treatment for LTBI. The proportion of acceptance for treatment was 64.5% (195 of 302 HCWs). The treatment course was completed by 143 of 195 HCWs (73.3%). Three months of isoniazid and rifampin (3HR) was used in 137 HCWs (70.3%) and 4 months of rifampin (4R) in 58 (29.7%). 72 HCWs (36.9%) experienced at least one adverse drug events, but there was no different characteristics between completer and non-completer.ConclusionThe acceptance and completion of LTBI treatment were unsatisfactory. Subjective perspective regarding obstacles to treatment of LTBI needs to be explored to increase compliance to LTBI treatment.

| S-EPMC6752845 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data