Understanding Why Post-Stroke Depression May Be the Norm Rather Than the Exception: The Anatomical and Neuroinflammatory Correlates of Post-Stroke Depression.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wijeratne T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8069768 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Small RNA programmed Argonautes are sophisticated cellular effector platforms known to be involved in a diverse array of functions ranging from mRNA cleavage, translational inhibition, DNA elimination, epigenetic silencing, alternative splicing and even gene activation. First observed in human cells, small RNA-induced gene activation, also known as RNAa, involves the targeted recruitment of Argonaute proteins to specific promoter sequences followed by induction of stable epigenetic changes which promote transcription. The existence of RNAa remains contentious due to its elusive mechanism. A string of recent studies in C. elegans provides unequivocal evidence for RNAa's fundamental role in sculpting the epigenetic landscape and maintaining active transcription of endogenous genes and supports the presence of a functionally sophisticated network of small RNA-Argonaute pathways consisting of opposite yet complementary "yin and yang" regulatory elements. In this review, we summarize key findings from recent studies of endogenous RNAa in C. elegans, with an emphasis on the Argonaute protein CSR-1.
| S-EPMC4615537 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectiveSleep disturbance and depression are common in stroke patients, however, little is known about the role of sleep in post-stroke depression. This study examined the association between pre-stroke sleep duration and depression at 90 days post-stroke in a population-based bi-ethnic sample.MethodsThe study included 1369 stroke patients from the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi project who survived 90 days post-stroke. Depression at 90 days post-stroke was assessed by the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and pre-stroke sleep duration was self-reported shortly after stroke in reference to the pre-stroke state. Multiple imputation and inverse probability weighting were used to deal with missing data and attrition. Weighted logistic regression models were fit to examine the association between pre-stroke sleep duration and post-stroke depression.ResultsThe mean age was 68.2 years, and 63.6% were Mexican American. The prevalence of post-stroke depression was highest among participants reporting less than 6 hours of sleep before stroke (52.4%, 95% confidence interval = 45.7%-59.0%). Compared with participants reporting 7-8 hours of sleep before stroke, those with short sleep duration had significantly increased odds for post-stroke depression (odds ratio = 1.96; 95% confidence interval = 1.38-2.79), after adjustment for sociodemographic, stroke and pre-stroke characteristics including pre-stroke depression.ConclusionsPre-stroke short sleep duration may be an independent risk factor for post-stroke depression.
| S-EPMC7667889 | biostudies-literature
Project description:After the onset of stroke, many patients suffer from emotional behavior changes. Approximately, one-third of stroke survivors are affected by post-stroke depression (PSD), making it a serious social and public health problem. Post-stroke depression (PSD) has an important impact on the course, recovery, and prognosis of stroke. The pathogenesis of PSD is very complex, involving many factors such as biological mechanism and social psychological mechanisms. This article provides a brief review of the hot issues related to etiologies of PSD.
| S-EPMC6351464 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLittle is known about ethnic differences in poststroke depression (PSD) in the United States. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of PSD at 90 days after first-ever stroke and to examine ethnic differences in the prevalence between Mexican Americans (MAs) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs).Methods and resultsStroke cases from 2011 to 2015 were identified from the BASIC project (Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi)-a population-based stroke surveillance study in south Texas. Participants were interviewed at the onset of stroke (baseline interview) and ≈90 days post-stroke (outcome interview). PSD was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8. Inverse probability weights were generated to account for differential attrition, and weighted logistic regression was used to investigate the association between ethnicity and PSD. The study sample consisted of 586 first-ever stroke patients who completed nonproxy baseline and outcome interviews and had depression assessment. Approximately, 60% of them were MAs, and 40% were NHWs. After accounting for attrition, the prevalence of depression at 90 days post-stroke was 30.4% for MAs (95% confidence interval, 25.0%-35.9%) and 20.7% for NHWs (95% confidence interval, 15.7%-25.7%). The crude odds of PSD in MAs was 1.69 times greater than that in NHWs (95% confidence interval, 1.13-2.51). The odds ratio decreased by 23.6% after adjustment for education (odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.02) and was further attenuated with additional adjustment for other covariates.ConclusionsMAs had a higher prevalence of PSD at 90 days than NHWs. The ethnic difference was explained by sociodemographic and health factors, especially low educational attainment.
| S-EPMC5788032 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can occur after life-threatening events, including illness, but correlates of PTSD after stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) have not been well described.MethodsWe measured the prevalence of stroke-induced PTSD with the PTSD Checklist Specific for stroke (PCL-S) in adults who had a stroke or TIA within 5 years. A PCL-S score of 50 or more indicated likely PTSD. We tested for potential predictors of stroke-associated PTSD, including demographics, stroke history, disability, medical comorbidities, depression, and emotional support and then examined the association between poststroke PTSD and measures of physical and mental health.ResultsOf 535 participants, 95 (18%) had a PCL-S score of 50 or more; the mean score was 35.4 ± 13.7 (range 17-80 of 85). In logistic regression analysis, low income (odds ratio [OR] 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-3.61), recurrent stroke or TIA (OR 1.86, 1.10-3.16), more disability (OR 1.79, 1.43-2.23), and increased comorbidities (OR 1.90, 1.05-3.45) were independently associated with PTSD. Older age (OR .93, .90-.95), marriage or partnership (OR .52, .28-.98), and having emotional support (OR .25, .11-.54) were protective against developing PTSD. Participants with likely PTSD had worse physical and mental health.ConclusionsIn this racially and ethnically diverse cohort of stroke and TIA survivors, stroke-induced PTSD was associated with younger age, recurrent strokes, greater disability, and comorbidities. PTSD was associated with a substantially increased physical, mental, and quality of life burden in this already vulnerable population. Having social support was protective, suggesting a potential target for intervention.
| S-EPMC3992186 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Social isolation has dramatic long-term physiological and psychological consequences; however, the mechanisms by which social isolation influences disease outcome are largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of social isolation on neuronal damage, neuroinflammation, and functional outcome after focal cerebral ischemia. Male mice were socially isolated (housed individually) or pair housed with an ovariectomized female before induction of stroke, via transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), or SHAM surgery. In these experiments, peri-ischemic social isolation decreases poststroke survival rate and exacerbates infarct size and edema development. The social influence on ischemic damage is accompanied by an altered neuroinflammatory response; specifically, central interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling is down-regulated, whereas peripheral IL-6 is up-regulated, in isolated relative to socially housed mice. In addition, intracerebroventricular injection of an IL-6 neutralizing antibody (10 ng) eliminates social housing differences in measures of ischemic outcome. Taken together, these data suggest that central IL-6 is an important mediator of social influences on stroke outcome.
| S-EPMC2667090 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundPost-stroke depression (PSD) can be conceptualized as a complex network where PSD symptoms (PSDS) interact with each other. The neural mechanism of PSD and interactions among PSDS remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical substrates of, as well as the interactions between, individual PSDS to better understand the pathogenesis of early-onset PSD.MethodsA total of 861 first-ever stroke patients admitted within 7 days poststroke were consecutively recruited from three independent hospitals in China. Sociodemographic, clinical and neuroimaging data were collected upon admission. PSDS assessment with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was performed at 2 weeks after stroke. Thirteen PSDS were included to develop a psychopathological network in which central symptoms (i.e. symptoms most strongly correlated with other PSDS) were identified. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) was performed to uncover the lesion locations associated with overall PSDS severity and severities of individual PSDS, in order to test the hypothesis that strategic lesion locations for central symptoms could significantly contribute to higher overall PSDS severity.ResultsDepressed mood, Psychiatric anxiety and Loss of interest in work and activities were identified as central PSDS at the early stage of stroke in our relatively stable PSDS network. Lesions in bilateral (especially the right) basal ganglia and capsular regions were found significantly associated with higher overall PSDS severity. Most of the above regions were also correlated with higher severities of 3 central PSDS. The other 10 PSDS could not be mapped to any certain brain region.ConclusionsThere are stable interactions among early-onset PSDS with Depressed mood, Psychiatric anxiety and Loss of interest as central symptoms. The strategic lesion locations for central symptoms may indirectly induce other PSDS via the symptom network, resulting in higher overall PSDS severity.Trial registrationURL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR-ROC-17013993.
| S-EPMC9945689 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Stroke is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases, which is the cause of long-term mental illness and physical disability, Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common neuropsychiatric complication after stroke, and its mechanisms are characterized by complexity, plurality, and diversity, which seriously affects the quality of survival and prognosis of patients. Studies have focused on and recognized neurotransmitter-based mechanisms and selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can be used to treat PSD. Neuroinflammation, neuroendocrinology, neurotrophic factors, and the site of the stroke lesion may affect neurotransmitters. Thus the mechanisms of PSD have been increasingly studied. Pharmacological treatment mainly includes SSRIs, noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA), anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin D, ect, which have been confirmed to have better efficacy by clinical studies. Currently, there is an increasing number of studies related to the mechanisms of PSD. However, the mechanisms and pharmacologic treatment of PSD is still unclear. In the future, in-depth research on the mechanisms and treatment of PSD is needed to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of clinical PSD.
| S-EPMC10651767 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Depression is a common outcome following stroke, associated with reduced quality of life and poorer recovery. Despite attempts to associate depression symptoms with specific lesion sites, the neural basis of post-stroke depression remains poorly understood. Resting state fMRI has provided new insights into the neural underpinnings of post-stroke depression, but has been limited to connectivity analyses exploring interregional correlations in the time-course of activity. Other aspects of resting state BOLD signal remain unexamined. Measuring the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations allows the detection of spontaneous neural activity across the whole brain. It provides complementary information about frequency-specific local neural activity. We calculated the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF) in a group of 64 participants scanned 3 months post-stroke. Twenty showed depression symptoms when assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). We performed analyses in both the typical 0.01-0.08 Hz range, as well as separately in the slow-5 (0.01-0.027 Hz) and slow-4 (0.027-0.073 Hz) ranges. We found significantly higher fALFF in the depressed compared to non-depressed participants in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the right precentral gyrus, and a significant association between higher depression scores and higher fALFF in the left insula. The group differences were detected in the slow-5 fluctuations, while the association with depression severity was observed in the slow-4 range. We conclude that post-stroke depression can be characterised by aberrant spontaneous local neural activity, which in small samples could be a more sensitive measure than lesion volume and location.
| S-EPMC5537409 | biostudies-other
Project description:OBJECTIVE:Depression occurs in approximately 30 percent of stroke patients, leading to increased disability, lower quality of life and increased mortality. Given new recommendations to assess depression in acute stroke patients this study evaluated rates of acute post stroke depression at a Primary Stroke Center in Doha, Qatar. METHODS:Acute stroke patients (n = 233) were given the PHQ-9 and the Mini-Cog test by stroke unit nurses within the first few days post stroke. This was part of a clinical improvement project conducted from March 2016 thru March 2017. RESULTS:Approximately 20% of acute post stroke patients (46/233) scored in the moderately depressed range on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9 ?10 with item 1 and/or 2 endorsed). Nationality and dysarthria were significantly associated with depression. Females were twice as likely to be depressed. A significantly greater number of Middle Eastern and African patients were depressed (30.18%) than Southeast Asian and Western Pacific patients (16.76%). A PHQ-2 cut off of 2 was optimal with sensitivity of 91.3 and specificity of 71.6. CONCLUSIONS:Almost 20% of acute stroke patients were moderately depressed on the PHQ-9, with Middle Eastern/African patients almost twice as likely to be depressed. This may reflect higher baseline pre-stroke depression levels in those of Middle Eastern/African background, perhaps due to greater levels or stress or trauma exposure in these groups. Dysarthria was found to be significantly associated with depression. Initial screening with the PHQ-2 using a cut-off of 2 (versus the cut-off of 3 used in primary care settings) may be beneficial. Based on these results acute post stroke depression screening is recommended in the Middle East, coupled with culturally sensitive psychiatric care.
| S-EPMC6301612 | biostudies-literature