Atherogenic index of plasma as predictors for metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Taiwan citizens: a 9-year longitudinal study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Li YW
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8110777 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundThe association between atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and hyperuricemia remains indistinct. This study was aimed to examine the relationship between AIP and hyperuricemia among the middle-aged and the elderly Chinese population.MethodsDatasets were retrieved from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) survey conducted in 2011 and 2015. 13,021 participants in the CHARLS in 2011 and 7,017 participants involved both in 2011 and 2015 were included, respectively. The measurement of AIP and hyperuricemia was based on the test of fasting blood. Association between AIP and hyperuricemia was assessed by logistic regression, and the nonlinear association was examined by restricted cubic splines (RCS). The cutoff point of AIP was calculated using receiver operator curve (ROC). 1 : 1 propensity score matching (PSM) was adopted to further explore the relationship between AIP and hyperuricemia.ResultsIn the section of a cross-sectional study, a positive association between AIP and hyperuricemia was found. The odds ratios (ORs) of hyperuricemia were 1.00 (reference), 1.52 (1.10-2.10), 1.80 (1.31-2.47), and 3.81 (2.84-5.11). Nonlinear association was not detected using RCS analysis. There were 664 hyperuricemia cases during the four years follow-up. The hyperuricemia prevalence was 9.5%. In the fully adjusted longitudinal analysis, the ORs for hyperuricemia across the quartiles of AIP were 1.00 (reference), 1.00 (0.74-1.37), 1.59 (1.20-2.11), and 2.55 (1.94-3.35), respectively. In the longitudinal analysis after PSM, the OR of hyperuricemia were 1.91 (1.45, 2.51) and 1.92 (1.45, 2.54) in the univariate and multivariate model, respectively.ConclusionAIP can predict the prevalence of hyperuricemia in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population.
| S-EPMC10896650 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies reported the prognostic value of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in the course of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Still, the predictive utility of the AIP is unknown among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study, which randomized 10,251 patients with long-lasting T2DM. ROC curve analysis was used to determine an optimal threshold for AIP, and the study population was divided into high and low AIP groups. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine the association between AIP and primary (major adverse cardiovascular events [MACEs], including nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and/or death from cardiovascular causes) and secondary outcomes (all-cause mortality). Stratified analyses were performed to control for the confounding factors.ResultsAIP was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of T2DM (HR = 1.309; 95% CI 1.084-1.581; P = 0.005). The threshold for AIP was determined to be 0.34 in the study population. After adjustments for confounding factors, multivariable analysis showed that AIP was associated with the risk of MACEs (Model 1: HR = 1.333, 95% CI 1.205-1.474, P < 0.001; Model 2: HR = 1.171, 95% CI 1.030-1.333, P = 0.016; Model 3: HR = 1.194, 95% CI 1.049-1.360, P = 0.007), all-cause mortality (Model 1: HR = 1.184, 95% CI 1.077-1.303, P < 0.001), cardiovascular death (Model 1: HR = 1.422, 95% CI 1.201-1.683, P < 0.001; Model 3: HR = 1.264, 95% CI 1.015-1.573, P = 0.036), and nonfatal myocardial infarction (Model 1: HR = 1.447, 95% CI 1.255-1.669, P < 0.001; Model 2: HR = 1.252, 95% CI 1.045-1.499, P = 0.015; Model 3: HR = 1.284, 95% CI 1.071-1.539, P = 0.007). Subgroup stratified analyses showed that AIP might interact with sex, a classical risk factor of cardiovascular events.ConclusionsThis study showed that AIP might be a strong biomarker that could be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with T2DM.Trial registrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00000620.
| S-EPMC8493717 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAtherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a non-traditional lipid parameter that can reflect the burden of atherosclerosis. A lipid profile resembling atherosclerosis emerged during pregnancy. Although lipid metabolism is pivotal in diabetes pathogenesis, there is no evidence linking AIP to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Therefore, our objective was to explore the relationship between AIP and GDM and assess AIP's predictive capability for GDM.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis based on data from a prospective cohort study in Korea involving 585 single pregnant women. AIP was calculated as log10 (TG/HDL). We examined the relationship between AIP and GDM using logistic regression models, curve fitting, sensitivity analyses, and subgroup analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also used to determine the ability of AIP to predict GDM.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 32.06 ± 3.76 years. The AIP was 0.24 ± 0.20 on average. The GDM incidence was 6.15%. After adjustment for potentially confounding variables, AIP showed a positive linear relationship with GDM (P for non-linearity: 0.801, OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.27-1.97). The robustness of the connection between AIP and GDM was demonstrated by sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses. An area under the ROC curve of 0.7879 (95% CI 0.7087-0.8671) indicates that AIP is an excellent predictor of GDM. With a specificity of 75.41% and sensitivity of 72.22%, the ideal AIP cut-off value for identifying GDM was 0.3557.ConclusionsThis study revealed that the AIP at 10-14 weeks of gestation was independently and positively correlated with GDM risk. AIP could serve as an early screening and monitoring tool for pregnant women at high risk of GDM, thereby optimizing GDM prevention strategies.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT02276144.
| S-EPMC11227226 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aim: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was significantly related to adverse outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to investigate the association between AIP and adverse outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted between 2015 and 2018 were prospectively enrolled in this study. Functional outcomes were evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Poor outcomes were defined as mRS 3-6. The relationship of AIP with the risk of outcomes was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression models. Results: A total of 1,463 patients with AIS within 24 h of symptom onset were enrolled. The poor outcome group had a significantly higher level of AIP [0.09 (-0.10 to 0.27) vs. 0.04 (-0.09 to 0.18), p < 0.001] compared with the good outcome group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that higher AIP was associated with poor outcomes in all the stroke patients (OR 1.84, 95% CI, 1.23-2.53, p = 0.007), which was more evident in patients with large-artery atherosclerosis subtype (OR 1.90, 95% CI, 1.53-2.62, p = 0.002), but not in the other subtypes. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis revealed that the best predictive cutoff value of AIP was 0.112, with a sensitivity of 70.8% and a specificity of 59.2%, and the area under the ROC curves for AIP was 0.685. Conclusion: AIP may be an important and independent predictor of the outcome of dysfunction in patients with AIS, especially the stroke subtype of large-artery atherosclerosis.
| S-EPMC8542679 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Various studies suggest that the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in different clinical scenarios. This review aimed to synthesize evidence of the association between AIP values and CAD. A literature search was carried out on four databases, namely, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid-Medline. A handsearch was performed on preprint repositories (MedRxiv and Research Square). The effect measurements were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). For the quantitative synthesis, we employed a random-effects model. We analyzed 14 articles (with 40,902 participants) from seven different countries. The quantitative analysis revealed that an increase in one unit of AIP was associated with higher odds of developing CAD (OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.65-2.69; P < 0.001; I2 = 98%). We conducted subgroup analyses of Chinese (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.40-2.56; P < 0.001) and non-Chinese studies (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.42-4.42; P < 0.001). The sensitivity analysis by risk of bias continued to demonstrate an association, and the heterogeneity remained unchanged (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.33-2.31; P < 0.001; I2 = 98%). Higher AIP values were associated with higher odds of developing CAD.
| S-EPMC9730543 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAlthough the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) based on a single measurement is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), little is known about whether changes in AIP over time are related to incident CVD. We aimed to determine whether AIP trajectory, which reflects homogenous AIP trends for a particular period, is associated with CVD risk.MethodsData from 5,843 participants of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) were analyzed. The KoGES had been conducted biennially from the baseline survey (2001-2002) to the eighth follow-up survey (2017-2018). The research design specifies the exposure period from baseline to the third follow-up, designates the latent period at the fourth follow-up, and establishes the event accrual period from the fifth to the eighth follow-up. During the exposure period, we identified two trajectories: a decreasing (n = 3,036) and an increasing group (n = 2,807) using latent variable mixture modeling. Information on CVD was collected initially through the self-reporting, followed by in depth person-to-person interview conducted by a well-trained examiner. During the event accrual period, the cumulative incidence rates of CVD between the two AIP trajectory groups were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test. Multiple Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe increasing AIP trajectory group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate of CVD than the decreasing AIP trajectory group. Compared to the decreasing AIP trajectory group, the increasing AIP trajectory group had a higher risk of incident CVD (HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.02-1.69) after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsThe risk of incident CVD increased when the AIP level showed an increasing trend and remained high over a long period. This suggests that checking and managing the trajectory of the AIP can be a preventive strategy for incident CVD.
| S-EPMC10506251 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIn the latest reports, atherogenic indices have been related to acute coronary syndromes, stable coronary artery disease, heart failure and future cardiac events. Conventional atherosclerosis risk factors have been associated with mitral annular calcification (MAC), but data on the relationship between atherogenic indices and MAC are lacking. We aimed to investigate a possible relationship between MAC and atherogenic indices.MethodsIn total 741 patients (n = 427 with MAC and n = 314 without MAC) who were examined in our cardiology clinic from February 2016 to October 2021 were recruited in the study. Mitral annular calcification was diagnosed by transthoracic 2-dimensional echocardiography. The atherogenic coefficient (AC), Castelli risk index 1 (CRI-1), Castelli risk index 2 (CRI-2) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were calculated by utilizing standard lipid test values.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in sex, age, diabetes and hypertension status between the patient and the control groups. Serum triglyceride level, AIP, Hs-CRP, smoking and BMI were independently significantly associated with MAC in multiple regression analysis (p < 0.001).ConclusionHigher AIP was related to the existence of MAC and also predict the presence of MAC independently. Studies evaluating the modification of these indices are needed.
| S-EPMC9710030 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease with different etiologies and outcomes. We aimed to explore differences in clinical features and outcomes of idiopathic PAH (iPAH) and connective tissue disease-related PAH (CTD-PAH) in Taiwanese patients and determine risk factors for mortality. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with right-sided heart catheterization-diagnosed PAH between January 2005 and December 2015. The iPAH (n = 31) and CTD-PAH (n = 14) patients were enrolled and followed until December 31, 2019. Between-group comparisons were conducted. Potential predictors of the mortality of PAH were determined using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: CTD-PAH patients had higher levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and lower predicted diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) than iPAH patients. The mortality rates were similar between CTD-PAH and iPAH (21.4% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.99). A mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) > 46 mmHg was a predictor of PAH-induced mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 21.8, 95% confidence interval 2.32-204.8). Conclusions: A higher mPAP level, but not underlying CTDs, imposed a significantly increased risk of mortality to patients with PAH.
| S-EPMC8160731 | biostudies-literature
Project description:YKL-40, also known as chitinase-3-like protein 1, is an inflammatory glycoprotein that is secreted by various cell types under acute, chronic, and subclinical inflammation conditions. Elevated serum YKL-40 levels are reportedly independently related to diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular mortality in adults. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum YKL-40 levels, lipid abnormalities, and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in children. We enrolled 479 children aged 10-12 years (mean age: 11.52) in this general population-based, cross-sectional study. All subjects completed questionnaires and were subjected to multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to measure their height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). We collected serum samples from all participants to measure YKL-40, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels. Mean serum YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in the low-HDL-C (p = 0.017) and high-TG (p = 0.010) groups but were not related to TC and LDL-C levels. YKL-40 levels were also higher in the high AIP group (p = 0.007). After adjusting for age, gender, and BMI z-score, the associations between serum YKL-40 levels and TG levels (p = 0.003), the TG-to-HDL-C ratio (p = 0.019), and the AIP value (p = 0.012) remained significant. Based on these findings, we suggest that serum YKL-40 may be a useful initial screening tool or follow-up risk indicator for lipid abnormalities, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents with risk factors, regardless of obesity.
| S-EPMC7533750 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDyslipidemia is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been proposed as a novel predictive marker for CVD, and few cross sectional studies have demonstrated a relationship between AIP and coronary artery disease. The present study investigated the association between AIP and the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in Korean adults without CVD.MethodsA total of 1124 participants who had undergone CAC measurement at least twice by multi-detector computed tomography (CT) at a health check-up center were enrolled. Their anthropometric measurements and various cardiovascular risk factors were assessed. AIP was defined as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of the concentration of triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). CAC progression was defined as either incident CAC in a CAC-free population at baseline, or an increase of ≥2.5 units between the square roots of the baseline and follow-up coronary artery calcium scores (CACS) in subjects with detectable CAC at baseline.ResultsCAC progression was observed in 290 subjects (25.8%) during the mean follow-up of 4.2 years. All subjects were stratified into three groups according to AIP. There were significant differences in cardiovascular parameters among groups at baseline. The follow-up CAC and the incidence of CAC progression increased gradually with rising AIP tertiles. In logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for CAC progression was 2.27 when comparing the highest to the lowest tertile of AIP (95% CI: 1.61-3.19; P for trend < 0.01). However, this association was attenuated after adjustment for multiple risk factors (P for trend = 0.67).ConclusionsThere is a significant correlation between AIP and the progression of CAC in subjects without CVD. Although AIP was not an independent predictor of CAC progression, AIP should be considered when estimating the current as well as future CVD risk, along with other traditional risk factors.
| S-EPMC7331149 | biostudies-literature