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The Positive Effect of ZnS in Waste Tire Carbon as Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

ABSTRACT: There is great demand for high-performance, low-cost electrode materials for anodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we report the recovery of carbon materials by treating waste tire rubber via a facile one-step carbonization process. Electrochemical studies revealed that the waste tire carbon anode had a higher reversible capacity than that of commercial graphite and shows the positive effect of ZnS in the waste tire carbon. When used as the anode for LIBs, waste tire carbon shows a high specific capacity of 510.6 mAh·g^-1 at 100 mA·g^-1 with almost 97% capacity retention after 100 cycles. Even at a high rate of 1 A·g^-1, the carbon electrode presents an excellent cyclic capability of 255.1 mAh·g^-1 after 3000 cycles. This high-performance carbon material has many potential applications in LIBs and provide an alternative avenue for the recycling of waste tires.

SUBMITTER: Wang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8122980 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Tin Nanoparticles Encapsulated Carbon Nanoboxes as High-Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Project description:One of the crucial challenges for applying Sn as an anode of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is the dramatic volume change during lithiation/delithiation process, which causes a rapid capacity fading and then deteriorated battery performance. To address this issue, herein, we report the design and fabrication of Sn encapsulated carbon nanoboxes (denoted as Sn@C) with yolk@shell architectures. In this design, the carbon shell can facilitate the good transport kinetics whereas the hollow space between Sn and carbon shell can accommodate the volume variation during repeated charge/discharge process. Accordingly, this composite electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 675 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.8 A g-1 after 500 cycles and preserves as high as 366 mAh g-1 at a higher current density of 3 A g-1 even after 930 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be ascribed to the crystal size reduction of Sn cores and the formation of polymeric gel-like layer outside the electrode surface after long-term cycles, resulting in improved capacity and enhanced rate performance.

| S-EPMC6220033 | biostudies-literature

Nitrogen-Doped Carbon for Red Phosphorous Based Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries.

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| S-EPMC5793632 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC8746817 | biostudies-literature

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Project description:Carbon-coated Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) has been prepared using polyimide (PI) as a carbon source via the thermal imidization of polyamic acid (PAA) followed by a carbonization process. In this study, the PI with different structures based on pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA), and p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA) moieties have been synthesized. The effect of the PI structure on the electrochemical performance of the carbon-coated LTO has been investigated. The results indicate that the molecular arrangement of PI can be improved when the rigid p-PDA units are introduced into the PI backbone. The carbons derived from the p-PDA-based PI show a more regular graphite structure with fewer defects and higher conductivity. As a result, the carbon-coated LTO exhibits a better rate performance with a discharge capacity of 137.5 mAh/g at 20 C, which is almost 1.5 times larger than that of bare LTO (94.4 mAh/g).

| S-EPMC8196661 | biostudies-literature

Theoretical Limits of Energy Density in Silicon-Carbon Composite Anode Based Lithium Ion Batteries.

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| S-EPMC4911546 | biostudies-literature

Lithium lanthanum titanate perovskite as an anode for lithium ion batteries.

Project description:Conventional lithium-ion batteries embrace graphite anodes which operate at potential as low as metallic lithium, subjected to poor rate capability and safety issues. Among possible alternatives, oxides based on titanium redox couple, such as spinel Li4Ti5O12, have received renewed attention. Here we further expand the horizon to include a perovskite structured titanate La0.5Li0.5TiO3 into this promising family of anode materials. With average potential of around 1.0?V vs. Li+/Li, this anode exhibits high specific capacity of 225?mA?h?g-1 and sustains 3000 cycles involving a reversible phase transition. Without decrease the particle size from micro to nano scale, its rate performance has exceeded the nanostructured Li4Ti5O12. Further characterizations and calculations reveal that pseudocapacitance dictates the lithium storage process and the favorable ion and electronic transport is responsible for the rate enhancement. Our findings provide fresh impetus to the identification and development of titanium-based anode materials with desired electrochemical properties.

| S-EPMC7359355 | biostudies-literature

The Anode Challenge for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Mechanochemically Synthesized Sn-Fe-C Composite Anode Surpasses Graphitic Carbon.

Project description:Carbon-based anodes are the key limiting factor in increasing the volumetric capacity of lithium-ion batteries. Tin-based composites are one alternative approach. Nanosized Sn-Fe-C anode materials are mechanochemically synthesized by reducing SnO with Ti in the presence of carbon. The optimum synthesis conditions are found to be 1:0.25:10 for initial ratio of SnO, Ti, and graphite with a total grinding time of 8 h. This optimized composite shows excellent extended cycling at the C/10 rate, delivering a first charge capacity as high as 740 mAh g-1 and 60% of which still remained after 170 cycles. The calculated volumetric capacity significantly exceeds that of carbon. It also exhibits excellent rate capability, delivering volumetric capacity higher than 1.6 Ah cc-1 over 140 cycles at the 1 C rate.

| S-EPMC5067663 | biostudies-literature

Hollow carbon nanospheres/silicon/alumina core-shell film as an anode for lithium-ion batteries.

Project description:Hollow carbon nanospheres/silicon/alumina (CNS/Si/Al?O?) core-shell films obtained by the deposition of Si and Al?O? on hollow CNS interconnected films are used as the anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The hollow CNS film acts as a three dimensional conductive substrate and provides void space for silicon volume expansion during electrochemical cycling. The Al2O3 thin layer is beneficial to the reduction of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. Moreover, as-designed structure holds the robust surface-to-surface contact between Si and CNSs, which facilitates the fast electron transport. As a consequence, the electrode exhibits high specific capacity and remarkable capacity retention simultaneously: 1560?mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 1?A g(-1) with the capacity retention of 85% and an average decay rate of 0.16% per cycle. The superior battery properties are further confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance measurement.

| S-EPMC4288231 | biostudies-literature

Bulk-Like SnO2-Fe2O3@Carbon Composite as a High-Performance Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries.

Project description:Boosted power handling and the reduced charging duration of Li ion cells critically rests with ionic/electronic mobility. Ion mobility in electrochemically relevant grains normally stands for an essential restriction of the velocity at which the energy of a cell can be stored/released. To offset sluggish solid-state ionic transport and achieve a superior power/energy density rating, electroactive grains often need exquisite nanoscaling, harming crucial virtues on volumetric packing density, tractability, sustainability, durability, and cost. Unlike elaborate nanostructuring, here we describe that a SnO2-Fe2O3@carbon composite-which adopts a metal oxide particles-intercalated bulk-like configuration-can insert many Li+ ions at elevated speeds, despite its micro-dimensionality. Analysis of charge transport kinetics in this tailor-made architecture unveils both much improved ion travel through compact monolithic substances and the greatly enhanced ion access to surfaces of SnO2/Fe2O3 grains. According to the well-studied battery degradation mechanism, it is that both the effective stress management and internal electric field in our as-prepared sample that result in recommendable capacity, rate behavior, and cyclic lifespan (exhibiting a high reversible capacity of 927 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 with a capacity retention of 95.1% after 100 cycles and an ultra-stable capacity of 429 mAh g-1 even over 1800 cycles at 3 A g-1). Unique materials and working rationale which ensure the swift (de)lithiation of such micrometer-dimensional monoliths may open a door for various high-power/density usages.

| S-EPMC7075132 | biostudies-literature

Reaction Mechanism of the Sn2Fe Anode in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Project description:Sn2Fe anode materials were synthesized by a solvothermal route, and their electrochemical performance and reaction mechanism were evaluated. The structural evolution in the first two lithium cycles was investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), and magnetic studies. In the first cycle, progressive alloying of Sn with Li accompanied by metallic iron displacement occurs upon lithiation, and the delithiation proceeds by Li x Sn dealloying and recovery of the Sn2Fe phase. In the second cycle, both XRD and XAS identify Li-Sn alloying at earlier lithiation stages than in the first cycle, with low-Li-content alloys evident in the beginning of the lithiation process. In the fully lithiated state, XAS analysis reveals higher coordination numbers in both the Li x Sn and Fe phases, which points toward more complete reaction and higher crystallinity of the products. Upon second delithiation, the Sn2Fe phase is generally reformed as evidenced by XRD. However, XAS indicates somewhat reduced Sn-Fe coordination and shorter Fe-Fe distance, which indicates incomplete reconversion and metallic Fe retention, which is also evident in the magnetic studies. Thus, a combination of long-range (XRD, magnetic) and local (XAS) techniques has revealed differences between the first and the second Li cycles relevant to the understanding of the capacity fading mechanisms.

| S-EPMC6941190 | biostudies-literature

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