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CLICK-enabled analogues reveal pregnenolone interactomes in cancer and immune cells.

ABSTRACT: Pregnenolone (P5) promotes prostate cancer cell growth, and de novo synthesis of intratumoural P5 is a potential cause of development of castration resistance. Immune cells can also synthesize P5 de novo. Despite its biological importance, little is known about P5's mode of actions, which appears to be context dependent and pleiotropic. A comprehensive proteome-wide spectrum of P5-binding proteins that are involved in its trafficking and functionality remains unknown. Here, we describe an approach that integrates chemical biology for probe synthesis with chemoproteomics to map P5-protein interactions in live prostate cancer cells and murine CD8⁺ T cells. We subsequently identified P5-binding proteins potentially involved in P5-trafficking and in P5's non-genomic action that may drive the promotion of castrate-resistance prostate cancer and regulate CD8⁺ T cell function. We envisage that this methodology could be employed for other steroids to map their interactomes directly in a broad range of living cells, tissues, and organisms.

SUBMITTER: Roy S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8138728 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Click-enabled analogues reveal pregnenolone interactomes in cancer and immune cells

Project description:Click-enabled analogues reveal pregnenolone interactomes in cancer and immune cells. TMT-6 experiment of tryptic, carbamidomethylated peptides of mouse CD8+ T-cells after protein pull-down on pregnenolone beads.

2021-04-26 | PXD025574 | Pride

Nociceptor-immune interactomes reveal insult-specific immune signatures of pain

Project description:Inflammatory pain associated with tissue injury and infection largely results from the heightened sensitivity of the peripheral terminals of nociceptor sensory neurons as a consequence of exposure to inflammatory mediators. Targeting immune-derived inflammatory ligands, such as prostaglandin E2, reduces inflammatory pain, but more effective and safer therapies are needed. However, the diversity of immune cell and sensory neuron types, their ligands, and receptors make it challenging to map the immune mechanisms that contribute to inflammatory pain. We, therefore, used single-cell transcriptomics to explore which specific immune cell types affect the development of pain in diverse inflammatory pain models. We found that both the magnitude of macrophage and neutrophil recruitment and the injury-triggered transcriptional program in Cx3cr1 high and MHCII+ dermal macrophages closely mirror the kinetics of inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. We constructed a comprehensive list of potential cell-cell interactions covering receptors, ligands, and metabolites, and generated injury-specific neuroimmune interactomes based on immune cell and sensory neuron single-cell transcriptomic data. This analysis revealed both interactions common to multiple inflammatory pain models and those specific to a particular condition and uncovered immune mediators not previously identified as pain modulators.

2024-05-28 | GSE255686 | GEO

CLICK-chemoproteomics and molecular dynamics simulation reveals pregnenolone targets and their binding conformations in Th2 cells.

Project description:Pregnenolone (P5) is synthesized as the first bioactive steroid in the mitochondria from cholesterol. Clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4+) and Clusters of differentiation 8 (CD8+) immune cells synthesize P5 de novo; P5, in turn, play important role in immune homeostasis and regulation. However, P5's biochemical mode of action in immune cells is still emerging. We envisage that revealing the complete spectrum of P5 target proteins in immune cells would have multifold applications, not only in basic understanding of steroids biochemistry in immune cells but also in developing new therapeutic applications. We employed a CLICK-enabled probe to capture P5-binding proteins in live T helper cell type 2 (Th2) cells. Subsequently, using high-throughput quantitative proteomics, we identified the P5 interactome in CD4+ Th2 cells. Our study revealed P5's mode of action in CD4+ immune cells. We identified novel proteins from mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum membranes to be the primary mediators of P5's biochemistry in CD4+ and to concur with our earlier finding in CD8+ immune cells. Applying advanced computational algorithms and molecular simulations, we were able to generate near-native maps of P5-protein key molecular interactions. We showed bonds and interactions between key amino acids and P5, which revealed the importance of ionic bond, hydrophobic interactions, and water channels. We point out that our results can lead to designing of novel molecular therapeutics strategies.

| S-EPMC10644475 | biostudies-literature

Nociceptor-immune interactomes reveal insult-specific immune signatures of pain

Project description:Nociceptor-immune interactomes reveal insult-specific immune signatures of pain

| PRJNA1076164 | ENA

Pregnenolone sulfate analogues differentially modulate GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor closed/desensitised states.

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| S-EPMC10952582 | biostudies-literature

SuFEx Click Chemistry Enabled Late-Stage Drug Functionalization.

Project description:Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange (SuFEx) is a new family of click chemistry transformations which relies on readily available materials to produce compounds bearing the SVI-F motif. The potential of SuFEx in drug discovery has just started to be explored. We report the first method of SuFEx chemistry for the conversion of phenolic compounds to their respective arylfluorosulfate derivatives in situ in 96-well plates. This method is compatible with automated synthesis and screening to quickly assess the biological activities of the in situ generated, crude products. Using this method, we perform late-stage functionalization of a panel of known anticancer drugs to generate the corresponding arylfluorosulfates. These in situ generated arylfluorosulfates are directly tested in a cancer-cell growth inhibition assay in parallel with their phenolic precursors. We discover three arylfluorosulfates that exhibit improved anticancer cell proliferation activities compared to their phenol precursors. Among these three compounds, the fluorosulfate derivative of Fulvestrant possesses significantly enhanced activity to down-regulate estrogen receptor (ER) expression in ER+ breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and the fluorosulfate derivative of Combretastatin A4-a general anticancer drug currently being evaluated under clinical trials-exhibits a 70-fold increase in potency in the drug resistant colon cancer cell line HT-29.

| S-EPMC6192542 | biostudies-literature

Thiol-Yne click chemistry of acetylene-enabled macrocyclization.

Project description:Macrocycles have fascinated scientists for over half a century due to their aesthetically appealing structures and broad utilities in chemical, material, and biological research. However, the efficient preparation of macrocycles remains an ongoing research challenge in organic synthesis because of the high entropic penalty involved in the ring-closing process. Herein we report a photocatalyzed thiol-yne click reaction to forge diverse sulfur-containing macrocycles (up to 35-membered ring) and linear C2-linked 1,2-(S-S/S-P/S-N) functionalized molecules, starting from the simplest alkyne, acetylene. Preliminary mechanistic experiments support a visible light-mediated radical-polar crossover dihydrothiolation process. This operationally straightforward reaction is also amenable to the synthesis of organometallic complexes, bis-sulfoxide ligand and a pleuromutilin antibiotic drug Tiamulin, which provides a practical route to synthesize highly valued compounds from the feedstock acetylene gas.

| S-EPMC9411599 | biostudies-literature

Dengue and Zika RNA-RNA interactomes reveal pro- and anti-viral RNA in human cells.

Project description:BackgroundIdentifying host factors is key to understanding RNA virus pathogenicity. Besides proteins, RNAs can interact with virus genomes to impact replication.ResultsHere, we use proximity ligation sequencing to identify virus-host RNA interactions for four strains of Zika virus (ZIKV) and one strain of dengue virus (DENV-1) in human cells. We find hundreds of coding and non-coding RNAs that bind to DENV and ZIKV viruses. Host RNAs tend to bind to single-stranded regions along the virus genomes according to hybridization energetics. Compared to SARS-CoV-2 interactors, ZIKV-interacting host RNAs tend to be downregulated upon virus infection. Knockdown of several short non-coding RNAs, including miR19a-3p, and 7SK RNA results in a decrease in viral replication, suggesting that they act as virus-permissive factors. In addition, the 3'UTR of DYNLT1 mRNA acts as a virus-restrictive factor by binding to the conserved dumbbell region on DENV and ZIKV 3'UTR to decrease virus replication. We also identify a conserved set of host RNAs that interacts with DENV, ZIKV, and SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that these RNAs are broadly important for RNA virus infection.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that host RNAs can impact virus replication in permissive and restrictive ways, expanding our understanding of host factors and RNA-based gene regulation during viral pathogenesis.

| S-EPMC10696742 | biostudies-literature

Tissue specific LRRK2 interactomes reveal a distinct striatal functional unit.

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| S-EPMC9910798 | biostudies-literature

Transcription factor protein interactomes reveal genetic determinants in heart disease.

Project description:Congenital heart disease (CHD) is present in 1% of live births, yet identification of causal mutations remains challenging. We hypothesized that genetic determinants for CHDs may lie in the protein interactomes of transcription factors whose mutations cause CHDs. Defining the interactomes of two transcription factors haplo-insufficient in CHD, GATA4 and TBX5, within human cardiac progenitors, and integrating the results with nearly 9,000 exomes from proband-parent trios revealed an enrichment of de novo missense variants associated with CHD within the interactomes. Scoring variants of interactome members based on residue, gene, and proband features identified likely CHD-causing genes, including the epigenetic reader GLYR1. GLYR1 and GATA4 widely co-occupied and co-activated cardiac developmental genes, and the identified GLYR1 missense variant disrupted interaction with GATA4, impairing in vitro and in vivo function in mice. This integrative proteomic and genetic approach provides a framework for prioritizing and interrogating genetic variants in heart disease.

| S-EPMC8923057 | biostudies-literature

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