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Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Antimicrobial Activities by Polyaniline-Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot Nanocomposite.

ABSTRACT: Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N@CDs) were prepared by hydrothermal processing of bovine serum albumin (Mw: 69,324 with 607 amino acids). A polyaniline (PANI-N@CDs) nanocomposite was then synthesized by ultrasonication and used to degrade Congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB), and crystal violet (CV) four common organic dyes. The PANI-N@CD nanocomposite simultaneously adsorbed and concentrated the dye from the bulk solution and degraded the adsorbed dye, resulting in a high rate of dye degradation. The combination of holes (h+), hydroxyl (OH^•), and O₂^•- was involved in the N@CD-mediated photocatalytic degradation of the dyes. Under visible light illumination at neutral pH, the PANI-N@CDs were proven as an efficient adsorbent and photocatalyst for the complete degradation of CR within 20 min. MB and RhB were also degraded but required longer treatment times. These findings supported the design of remediation processes for such dyes and predicted their fate in the environment. The nanocomposite also exhibited antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacterium E. coli and Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus.

SUBMITTER: Maruthapandi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8145885 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Creation of an innovative composite photocatalyst, to advance its performance, has attracted researchers to the field of photocatalysis. In this article, a new photocatalyst based on polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (PANI/RGO) composites has been prepared via the in situ oxidative polymerization method employing RGO as a template. For thermoelectric applications, though a higher percentage (50 wt %) of RGO has been used, for photocatalytic activity, lesser percentages (2, 5, and 8 wt %) of RGO in the composite have given a significant outcome. Furthermore, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, time-resolved fluorescence spectra, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analyses confirmed the improved photocatalytic mechanism. PANI/RGO composites under visible light irradiation exhibit amazingly improved activity toward the degradation of cationic and anionic dyes in comparison with pristine PANI or RGO. Here, a PANI/RGO composite, with 5 wt % RGO(PG2), has emerged as the best combination with the degradation percentages of 99.68, 99.35, and 98.73 for malachite green, rhodamine B, and congo red within 15, 30, and 40 min, respectively. Experimental findings show that the introduction of RGO can relieve the agglomeration of PANI nanoparticles and enhance the light absorption of the materials due to an increased surface area. Moreover, the PG2 composite also showed excellent photocatalytic activity to reduce noxious Cr(VI). The effective removal of Cr(VI) up to 94.7% at pH 2 was observed within only 15 min. With the help of the active species trapping experiment, a plausible mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation has been proposed. The heightened activity of the as-synthesized composite compared to that of neat PANI or RGO was generally because of high concentrations of •OH radicals and partly of •O2 - and holes (h+) as concluded from the nitroblue tetrazolium probe test and photoluminescence experiment. It is hoped that the exceptional photocatalytic performance of our work makes the conducting polymer-based composite an effective alternative in wastewater treatment for industrial applications.

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Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Antimicrobial Activities by Polyaniline-Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot Nanocomposite.

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