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A Multidisciplinary Fingerprinting Approach for Authenticity and Geographical Traceability of Portuguese Wines.

ABSTRACT: The interest in developing reliable wine authenticity schemes is a hot-topic, especially for wines with recognized added-value. In order to accomplish this goal, two dimensions need to be considered: the grapevine variety determination and the geographical provenance. The aim of this study was to develop a multidisciplinary approach applicable to wines from the sub region Melgaço and Monção of the demarcated Vinho Verde region and from the demarcated Douro region. The proposed scheme consists on the use of DNA-based assays to detect Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) on three genes of the anthocyanin pathway (UFGT, F3H and LDOX) coupled with High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis aiming the varietal identification. The Alvarinho wines revealed to have the same haplotype using this marker set, demonstrating its applicability for genetic identification. In addition, to assess their geographical provenance, a multi-elemental approach using Sr and Pb isotopic ratios of wine, soil and bedrock samples was used. The isotopic data suggest a relation between Sr and Pb uptake by vine roots and soil's texture and clay content, rather than with the whole rock's isotopic ratios, but also highlights the potential of a discriminating method based on the combination of selected isotopic signatures.

SUBMITTER: Teixeira RJS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8150803 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Gentiana rigescens Franch. ex Hemsl. is an important medicinal plant in China and the over exploitation of wild resources has affected its quality and clinical efficacy. The accumulation of plant secondary metabolites is not only determined by their genetic characteristics but also influenced by environmental factors. At present, many studies on evaluating the environmental conditions of its planting area are still in the qualitative stage. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic evaluation method to deeply analyze the impact of environmental factors on the quality of medicinal materials and quickly verify the geographical origin. In this study, the contents of five iridoids (loganic acid, swertiamarin, sweroside, gentiopicroside and 6'-O-β-D-glucopyranosylgentiopicroside) of G. rigescens from 45 different origins (including 441 individuals) of Yunnan Province in China were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Analytical procedures of one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, principal components analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis were employed to interpret the correlation of iridoid content and environmental factors. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) combined with two multivariate analysis methods (partial least squares discriminant analysis; support vector machines, SVM) was used to discriminate four major producing areas (158 individuals). The combination of SVM with grid search algorithm achieved an accuracy of 100% in the test set. One-way analysis of variance showed that the contents of five iridoids in root tissues of G. rigescens varied significantly among different origins, which was also verified by the chemometrics analysis results of hierarchical cluster analysis. The results of correlation analysis indicated that the high value of altitude and precipitation were unfavorable for the accumulation of these five iridoids. A correlation between increase of temperature and iridoid accumulation was observed. This study provided a certain theoretical basis for the resource protection and development of G. rigescens based on the correlation analysis between the ecological environment factors and quality.

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A Multidisciplinary Fingerprinting Approach for Authenticity and Geographical Traceability of Portuguese Wines.

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