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Isoprene-Degrading Bacteria from Soils Associated with Tropical Economic Crops and Framework Forest Trees.

ABSTRACT: Isoprene, a volatile hydrocarbon emitted largely by plants, plays an important role in regulating the climate in diverse ways, such as reacting with free radicals in the atmosphere to produce greenhouse gases and pollutants. Isoprene is both deposited and formed in soil, where it can be consumed by some soil microbes, although much remains to be understood about isoprene consumption in tropical soils. In this study, isoprene-degrading bacteria from soils associated with tropical plants were investigated by cultivation and cultivation-independent approaches. Soil samples were taken from beneath selected framework forest trees and economic crops at different seasons, and isoprene degradation in soil microcosms was measured after 96 h of incubation. Isoprene losses were 4-31% and 15-52% in soils subjected to a lower (7.2 × 10⁵ ppbv) and a higher (7.2 × 10⁶ ppbv) concentration of isoprene, respectively. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that bacterial communities in soil varied significantly across plant categories (framework trees versus economic crops) and the presence of isoprene, but not with isoprene concentration or season. Eight isoprene-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from the soils and, among these, four belong to the genera Ochrobactrum, Friedmanniella, Isoptericola and Cellulosimicrobium, which have not been previously shown to degrade isoprene.

SUBMITTER: Uttarotai T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8150984 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Soil microbial responses to anthropogenic nitrogen (N) enrichment at the overall community level has been extensively studied. However, the responses of community dynamics and assembly processes of the abundant versus rare bacterial taxa to N enrichment have rarely been assessed. Here, we present a study in which the effects of short- (2 years) and long-term (13 years) N additions to two nearby tropical forest sites on abundant and rare soil bacterial community composition and assembly were documented. The N addition, particularly in the long-term experiment, significantly decreased the bacterial α-diversity and shifted the community composition toward copiotrophic and N-sensitive species. The α-diversity and community composition of the rare taxa were more affected, and they were more closely clustered phylogenetically under N addition compared to the abundant taxa, suggesting the community assembly of the rare taxa was more governed by deterministic processes (e.g., environmental filtering). In contrast, the abundant taxa exhibited higher community abundance, broader environmental thresholds, and stronger phylogenetic signals under environmental changes than the rare taxa. Overall, these findings illustrate that the abundant and rare bacterial taxa respond distinctly to N addition in tropical forests, with higher sensitivity of the rare taxa, but potentially broader environmental acclimation of the abundant taxa. IMPORTANCE Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is a worldwide environmental problem and threatens biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Understanding the responses of community dynamics and assembly processes of abundant and rare soil bacterial taxa to anthropogenic N enrichment is vital for the management of N-polluted forest soils. Our sequence-based data revealed distinct responses in bacterial diversity, community composition, environmental acclimation, and assembly processes between abundant and rare taxa under N-addition soils in tropical forests. These findings provide new insight into the formation and maintenance of bacterial diversity and offer a way to better predict bacterial responses to the ongoing atmospheric N deposition in tropical forests.

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Isoprene-Degrading Bacteria from Soils Associated with Tropical Economic Crops and Framework Forest Trees.

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