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Presynaptic inhibition of dopamine neurons controls optimistic bias.

ABSTRACT: Regulation of reward signaling in the brain is critical for appropriate judgement of the environment and self. In Drosophila, the protocerebral anterior medial (PAM) cluster dopamine neurons mediate reward signals. Here, we show that localized inhibitory input to the presynaptic terminals of the PAM neurons titrates olfactory reward memory and controls memory specificity. The inhibitory regulation was mediated by metabotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors clustered in presynaptic microdomain of the PAM boutons. Cell type-specific silencing the GABA receptors enhanced memory by augmenting internal reward signals. Strikingly, the disruption of GABA signaling reduced memory specificity to the rewarded odor by changing local odor representations in the presynaptic terminals of the PAM neurons. The inhibitory microcircuit of the dopamine neurons is thus crucial for both reward values and memory specificity. Maladaptive presynaptic regulation causes optimistic cognitive bias.

SUBMITTER: Yamagata N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8169112 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Presynaptic inhibition of dopamine neurons controls optimistic bias.

Yamagata Nobuhiro N Ezaki Takahiro T Takahashi Takahiro T Wu Hongyang H Tanimoto Hiromu H

eLife 20210601

Regulation of reward signaling in the brain is critical for appropriate judgement of the environment and self. In <i>Drosophila</i>, the protocerebral anterior medial (PAM) cluster dopamine neurons mediate reward signals. Here, we show that localized inhibitory input to the presynaptic terminals of the PAM neurons titrates olfactory reward memory and controls memory specificity. The inhibitory regulation was mediated by metabotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors clustered in presynapt ...[more]

PMID: 34061730

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Individuals tend to have an optimism bias, processing desirable information more frequently than undesirable information. However, people who have been diagnosed with depression often have a more pessimistic view of the future. A recent study suggests that future expectations in individuals with dysphoria become more optimistic when asked to make optimistic future predictions about the future. In the present study, we investigated the differential effects of induced optimism training which making optimistic future prediction to change future beliefs in normal participants with various levels of dysphoria (low, mild, high). METHODS:We recruited normal participants (n?=?69) from a local university students and divided participants into three groups (low, mild, high dysphoria) by measuring dysphoric mood. These three groups were assigned to the induced optimism training or control condition. After the training, participants performed the two-stage belief updating task. In the first stage, participants estimated their personal probability of experiencing adverse events while being presented with the average probability of the event occurring to a living person. This information could be desirable for participants(when presented with a probability that was below their estimation) or undesirable (when presented with a probability that was above their estimation). To assess how desirable versus undesirable information influenced beliefs, participants estimated their personal probability of experiencing the events again in the second stage. The amount of update error was calculated as the difference between the estimates in the first stage and the second stage. The difference between the errors was classified as the update bias. RESULTS:After the induced optimism training, individuals with the mild dysphoria demonstrated a higher update bias than low (p?<?.001) and the high dysphoria (p?<?.05) group in induced optimism condition. Significant differences were not found in control group. Results indicates that individuals in the mild dysphoria group showed an increased update bias after being exposed to the induced optimism training Dysphoric mood and trait optimism remained unchanged in both the experimental and control groups. CONCLUSIONS:Results suggest that induced optimism training has potential to change individuals with mild dysphoria perceptions' about the future.

Dataset Information

Presynaptic inhibition of dopamine neurons controls optimistic bias.

Publications

Presynaptic inhibition of dopamine neurons controls optimistic bias.

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