Mechanisms of residual immune activation in HIV-1-infected human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

HIV-1 infection triggers immune activation, as reflected by the upregulation of various cytokines. This immune activation remains elevated despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) and leads to early age-related diseases. Here, we addressed the mechanisms of sustained immune activation in HIV-1-infected human lymphoid tissues ex vivo.

Design/method

We investigated several potential causes of immunoactivation, including: a proinflammatory effect of ART drugs themselves; an early HIV-1-triggered cytokine storm, which could in turn trigger a sustained cytokine dysregulation; herpesvirus reactivation; HIV-1 protein release; and production of defective virions and extracellular vesicles. Tissue immune activation was evaluated from measurements of cytokines in culture medium

SUBMITTER: Mercurio V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8183484 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature