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Electronegativity Assisted Synthesis of Magnetically Recyclable Ni/NiO/g-C₃N₄ for Significant Boosting H₂ Evolution.

ABSTRACT: A magnetically recyclable Ni/NiO/g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst with significantly enhanced H2 evolution efficiency was successfully synthesized by a simple ethanol-solvothermal treatment. The presence of electronegative g-C₃N₄ is found to be the key factor for Ni⁰ formation in ternary Ni/NiO/g-C₃N₄, which provides anchoring sites for Ni²⁺ absorption and assembling sites for Ni⁰ nanoparticle formation. The metallic Ni⁰, on one side, could act as an electron acceptor enhancing carrier separation and transfer efficiency, and on the other side, it could act as active sites for H₂ evolution. The NiO forms a p-n heterojunction with g-C₃N₄, which also promotes carrier separation and transfer efficiency. The strong magnetic property of Ni/NiO/g-C₃N₄ allows a good recyclability of catalyst from aqueous solution. The optimal Ni/NiO/g-C₃N₄ showed a full-spectrum efficiency of 2310 μmol·h^-1·g^-1 for hydrogen evolution, which is 210 times higher than that of pure g-C₃N₄. This ethanol solvothermal strategy provides a facile and low-cost synthesis of metal/metal oxide/g-C₃N₄ for large-scale application.

SUBMITTER: Zhang T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8199054 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy has revived hopes during the past few years for the management of peritoneal disseminations of digestive and gynecological cancers. Nevertheless, a poor drug penetration is one key drawback of IP chemotherapy since peritoneal neoplasms are notoriously resistant to drug penetration. Recent preclinical studies have focused on targeting the aberrant tumor microenvironment to improve intratumoral drug transport. However, tumor stroma targeting therapies have limited therapeutic windows and show variable outcomes across different cohort of patients. Therefore, the development of new strategies for improving the efficacy of IP chemotherapy is a certain need. In this work, we propose a new magnetically assisted strategy to elevate drug penetration into peritoneal tumor nodules and improve IP chemotherapy. A computational model was developed to assess the feasibility and predictability of the proposed active drug delivery method. The key tumor pathophysiology, including a spatially heterogeneous construct of leaky vasculature, nonfunctional lymphatics, and dense extracellular matrix (ECM), was reconstructed in silico. The transport of intraperitoneally injected magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) inside tumors was simulated and compared with the transport of free cytotoxic agents. Our results on magnetically assisted delivery showed an order of magnitude increase in the final intratumoral concentration of drug-coated MNPs with respect to free cytotoxic agents. The intermediate MNPs with the radius range of 200-300 nm yield optimal magnetic drug targeting (MDT) performance in 5-10 mm tumors while the MDT performance remains essentially the same over a large particle radius range of 100-500 nm for a 1 mm radius small tumor. The success of MDT in larger tumors (5-10 mm in radius) was found to be markedly dependent on the choice of magnet strength and tumor-magnet distance while these two parameters were less of a concern in small tumors. We also validated in silico results against experimental results related to tumor interstitial hypertension, conventional IP chemoperfusion, and magnetically actuated movement of MNPs in excised tissue.

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Electronegativity Assisted Synthesis of Magnetically Recyclable Ni/NiO/g-C3N4 for Significant Boosting H2 Evolution.

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Electronegativity Assisted Synthesis of Magnetically Recyclable Ni/NiO/g-C₃N₄ for Significant Boosting H₂ Evolution.