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Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Clerodendrum bungei Steud. (Lamiaceae).

ABSTRACT: Clerodendrum bungei Steud. is one kind of traditional medical herb which can be used for airway hyperreactivity treatment. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of C. bungei was assembled. Its complete circular chloroplast DNA length was 151,680 bp. The genome was made up of a large single-copy region of 83,189 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,311 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,590 bp. The genome totally encoded 130 genes, containing 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis indicates that C. bungei belongs to the Lamiaceae family.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8204993 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundThe plants of the genus Clerodendrum L. have great potential for development as an ornamental and important herbal resource. There is no significant morphological difference among many species of the genus Clerodendrum, which will lead to confusion among the herbs of this genus and ultimately affect the quality of the herbs. The chloroplast genome will contribute to the development of new markers used for the identification and classification of species.Methods and resultsHere, we obtained the complete chloroplast genome sequences of Clerodendrum chinense (Osbeck) Mabberley and Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.f. using the next generation DNA sequencing technology. The chloroplast genomes of the two species all encode a total of 112 unique genes, including 80 protein-coding, 28 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. A total of 44-42 simple sequence repeats, 19-16 tandem repeats and 44-44 scattered repetitive sequences were identified. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the nine Clerodendrum species were classified into two clades and together formed a monophyletic group. Selective pressure analyses of 77 protein-coding genes showed that there was no gene under positive selection in the Clerodendrum branch. Analyses of sequence divergence found two intergenic regions: trnH-GUG-psbA, nhdD-psaC, exhibiting a high degree of variations. Meanwhile, there was no hypervariable region identified in protein coding genes. However, the sequence identities of these two intergenic spacers (IGSs) are greater than 99% among some species, which will result in the two IGSs not being used to distinguish Clerodendrum species. Analysis of the structure at the LSC (Large single copy) /IR (Inverted repeat) and SSC (Small single copy)/IR boundary regions showed dynamic changes. The above results showed that the complete chloroplast genomes can be used as a super-barcode to identify these Clerodendrum species. The study lay the foundation for the understanding of the evolutionary process of the genus Clerodendrum.

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Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Clerodendrum bungei Steud. (Lamiaceae).

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