A Novel Personalized Systems Nutrition Program Improves Dietary Patterns, Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Outcomes: Results from the Habit Study.
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SUBMITTER: de Hoogh IM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8224682 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Abstract Objectives This study evaluates the impact of a digitally-delivered systems biology-based personalized nutrition (PN) program (Habit LLC, Oakland, CA), that included nutrition and behavior advice, and meals. Methods In this single-arm, multi-phase, open-label study (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03424395), participants (n = 107; 67% female) were provided a Fitbit® Activity Tracker and completed an at-home kit that included collection of DNA and capillary blood before and after (30 and 120 min) consuming a mixed macronutrient challenge beverage. Participants completed a 10-week run-in and 10-week PN program intervention phase. The intervention included personalized nutrition and behavior advice and meals (2 meals/day; 5 days/week) tailored to dietary subgroups. Here we report on changes in diet, anthropometrics, and biomarkers of two subgroups (Range Seekers [RS] and Protein Seekers [PS]) that differed in anthropometrics and biological measures at baseline and were provided different dietary recommendations. Results At baseline, there were no differences between groups in nutrients assessed, however, compared to RS (n = 48), PS (n = 22) had higher BMI, weight, body fat %, waist and hip circumference (all P < 0.0001), HOMA-IR, age, (both P < 0.01), muscle mass, diastolic blood pressure, hepatic insulin resistance index and c-peptide (all P < 0.05). After the intervention, both groups reduced intakes of calories (P < 0.001) and % calories from saturated fat and monounsaturated fat (both P < 0.05). Intakes of total fat, saturated fat, and sodium (all P < 0.001) as well as carbohydrate and total sugars (both P < 0.05) were also reduced. RS and PS increased vitamin C and fiber intakes (P < 0.001). PS, but not RS, received advice to increase protein intake, accordingly % calories from protein increased in PS by 28% (P < 0.001). PS also increased intake of b-carotene and vitamin A (P < 0.01). BMI and weight decreased in both groups (P < 0.001) after the intervention, with greater extent of weight loss observed in PS. In addition to weight loss in PS, a reduction in total and LDL cholesterol (P < 0.001) was observed. Conclusions Together, these results support the efficacy of a digitally-delivered PN program, differentiated by subtype, in improving dietary patterns and health indicators. Funding Sources Habit, LLC.
| S-EPMC6574448 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of this study was to measure whether participating in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Education (SNAP-Ed) interventions is associated with changes in meeting recommendations for healthy eating and food resource management behaviours, such as shopping, among low-income children, adolescents, and adults in eight states in the US Southeast. The study used a one-group pre-test post-test design, analysing aggregate data on nutrition and shopping behaviours collected during Federal Fiscal Year 17 from SNAP-Ed direct education in community settings. Twenty-five implementing agencies in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee provided aggregated data on program participants. Because survey questions differed, agencies followed standard recoding guidelines. The number of participants varied depending on the indicator; the maximum number was n 43 303 pre-tests, n 43 256 post-test. Participants were significantly more likely to consume more than one kind of fruit (pooled relative risk (RR), 1⋅10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1⋅09-1⋅11) and more than one kind of vegetable (pooled RR, 1⋅14; 95% CI, 1⋅12-1⋅15) after the intervention than before. On average, participants consumed 0⋅34 cups more of fruit per day (95% CI, 0⋅31-0⋅37), and 0⋅22 cups more of vegetables per day (95% CI, 0⋅19-0⋅25) after the intervention, compared to before. About 701 policy, systems, and environmental changes for nutrition supports were reported. This study suggests that SNAP-Ed direct education is associated with positive behaviour changes in the US Southeast. It provides a methodology that can inform data aggregation efforts across unique SNAP-Ed programs or other similar nutrition education programs to report on the collective impact.
| S-EPMC7731638 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Personalized nutrition is fast becoming a reality due to a number of technological, scientific, and societal developments that complement and extend current public health nutrition recommendations. Personalized nutrition tailors dietary recommendations to specific biological requirements on the basis of a person's health status and goals. The biology underpinning these recommendations is complex, and thus any recommendations must account for multiple biological processes and subprocesses occurring in various tissues and must be formed with an appreciation for how these processes interact with dietary nutrients and environmental factors. Therefore, a systems biology-based approach that considers the most relevant interacting biological mechanisms is necessary to formulate the best recommendations to help people meet their wellness goals. Here, the concept of "systems flexibility" is introduced to personalized nutrition biology. Systems flexibility allows the real-time evaluation of metabolism and other processes that maintain homeostasis following an environmental challenge, thereby enabling the formulation of personalized recommendations. Examples in the area of macro- and micronutrients are reviewed. Genetic variations and performance goals are integrated into this systems approach to provide a strategy for a balanced evaluation and an introduction to personalized nutrition. Finally, modeling approaches that combine personalized diagnosis and nutritional intervention into practice are reviewed.
| S-EPMC5914356 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Abstract Objectives A key to a successful personalized nutrition (PN) strategy is tailoring the behavior intervention to achieve sustained behavior change consistent with desired health outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a digitally-delivered, systems biology-based PN program (Habit, LLC, Oakland, CA), that included nutrition and behavior advice, and meals. Methods In this single-arm, multi-phase, open-label study (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03424395), participants (n = 107; 67% female), 30–59 years of age, were provided a Fitbit® Activity Tracker and instructions to complete an at-home kit that included collection of DNA and capillary blood before and after (30 and 120 min) consuming a mixed macronutrient challenge beverage. Lifestyle behavior data and activity levels were collected at baseline. Participants completed a 10-week control phase and a 10-week PN program intervention phase that included tailored nutrition and behavior advice, and meals (2 meals/day, 5 days/week). Validated quality of life, perceived stress, diet self-efficacy, and eating behavior questionnaires were administered to assess behavior before and after the intervention. Data from 73 compliant participants (66% female) were included in the analysis. Anthropometric and biological results were used to categorize participants into subgroups including Protein Seekers (PS) and Range Seekers (RS). Results Participants reported feeling fuller faster after the intervention, relative to before (P = 0.002), which could be linked to the dietary recommendations and behavior advice. Analysis by gender showed men reported more control over their eating patterns during negative events at baseline, compared to women (P = 0.005). This difference was not evident at the end of the intervention with women reporting slightly more, and men slightly less control. PS entered the study with a higher weight and BMI (P < 0.001 for both) and reported eating more quickly than RS (P = 0.003). This difference diminished, and by the end of the intervention PS did not differ from RS which could reflect the tailored advice provided. Conclusions These and other data provide novel insights on how a tailored personalized intervention that targeted food behavior may help drive positive changes in health outcomes. Funding Sources Habit, LLC.
| S-EPMC6574210 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The current health status of the general public can substantially benefit from a healthy diet. Using a personalized approach to initiate healthy dietary behavior seems to be a promising strategy, as individuals differ in terms of health status, subsequent dietary needs, and their desired behavior change support. However, providing personalized advice to a wide audience over a long period is very labor-intensive. This bottleneck can possibly be overcome by digitalizing the process of creating and providing personalized advice. An increasing number of personalized advice systems for different purposes is becoming available in the market, ranging from systems providing advice about just a single parameter to very complex systems that include many variables characterizing each individual situation. Scientific background is often lacking in these systems. In designing a personalized nutrition advice system, many design questions need to be answered, ranging from the required input parameters and accurate measurement methods (sense), type of modeling techniques to be used (reason), and modality in which the personalized advice is provided (act). We have addressed these topics in this viewpoint paper, and we have demonstrated the feasibility of setting up an infrastructure for providing personalized dietary advice based on the experience of 2 practical applications in a real-life setting.
| S-EPMC10131983 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:The United States Department of Agriculture's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the country's largest nutrition assistance program for low-income populations. Although SNAP has been shown to reduce food insecurity, research findings on the diet quality of program participants are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated whether the community food environment is a potential moderator of the association between SNAP participation and eating behaviors. DESIGN:This cross-sectional study used participant data from a telephone survey of 2,211 households in four cities in New Jersey. Data were collected from two cross-sectional panels from 2009 to 2010 and 2014. Food outlet data were purchased from commercial sources and classified as supermarkets, small grocery stores, convenience stores, or limited service restaurants. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING:Analysis is limited to 983 respondents (588 SNAP participants) with household incomes below 130% of the federal poverty level. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Eating behaviors were assessed as frequency of consumption of fruit, vegetables, salad, and sugar-sweetened beverages. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED:Interaction and stratified analyses using gamma regression determined the differences in the association between SNAP participation and eating behaviors by the presence or absence of food outlets adjusted for covariates. RESULTS:SNAP participation was associated with a higher frequency of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (P<0.05) when respondents lived within ¼ to ½ mile of a small grocery store, supermarket, and limited service restaurant. SNAP participants who did not live close to a convenience store reported a lower frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (P=0.01), and those living more than ½ mile away from a supermarket reported a lower frequency of fruit consumption (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS:The findings from this study suggest that the community food environment may play a role in moderating the association between SNAP participation and eating behaviors. Although SNAP participation is associated with some unhealthy behaviors, this association may only hold true when respondents live in certain food environments.
| S-EPMC6536337 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an exploratory 12-week nutrition, cooking, and gardening trial (LA Sprouts) on preference for fruit and vegetables (FV); willingness to try FV; identification of FV; self-efficacy to garden, eat, and cook FV; motivation to garden, eat, and cook FV; attitudes toward FV; nutrition and gardening knowledge; and home gardening habits.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingFour elementary schools.ParticipantsThree hundred four predominately Hispanic/Latino third- through fifth-grade students were randomized to either the LA Sprouts group (n = 167 students) or control group (n = 137 students).InterventionTwelve-week after-school nutrition, cooking, and gardening intervention.Main outcome measuresDeterminants of dietary behavior as measured by questionnaire at baseline and postintervention.AnalysisAnalyses of covariance.ResultsAfter the 12-week program, compared with controls, LA Sprouts participants improved scores for identification of vegetables (+11% vs +5%; P = .001) and nutrition and gardening knowledge (+14.5% vs -5.0%; P = .003), and were more likely to garden at home (+7.5% vs -4.4%; P = .003).ConclusionsThe LA Sprouts program positively affected a number of determinants of dietary behaviors that suggest possible mechanisms by which gardening and nutrition education act to improve dietary intake and health outcomes.
| S-EPMC5266541 | biostudies-literature
Project description:From a public health perspective, determinants of diets are crucial to identify, but they remain unclear in Switzerland. Hence, we sought to define current dietary patterns and their sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants using the national nutrition survey menuCH (2014⁻2015, n = 2057). First, we applied multiple factorial analysis and hierarchical clustering on the energy-standardised daily consumption of 17 food categories. Four dietary patterns were identified ("Swiss traditional": high intakes of dairy products and chocolate, n = 744; "Western 1": soft drinks and meat, n = 383; "Western 2": alcohol, meat and starchy, n = 444; and "Prudent": n = 486). Second, we used multinomial logistic regression to examine the determinants of the four dietary patterns: ten sociodemographic or lifestyle factors (sex, age, body mass index, language region, nationality, marital status, income, physical activity, smoking status, and being on a weight-loss diet) were significantly associated with the dietary patterns. Notably, belonging to the French- and Italian-speaking regions of Switzerland increased the odds of following a "Prudent" diet (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.92 [1.45⁻2.53] and 1.68 [0.98⁻2.90], respectively) compared to the German-speaking regions. Our findings highlight the influence of sociodemographic and lifestyle parameters on diet and the particularities of the language regions of Switzerland. These results provide the basis for public health interventions targeted for population subgroups.
| S-EPMC6356790 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although evidence is accumulating on the importance of a good night's sleep for healthy eating and activity behaviors, existing research has mainly been conducted in high-income, developed countries with limited sociocultural variability. This study is the first to examine the associations between sleep patterns and lifestyle behaviors in children from 12 countries in five major geographic regions of the world.This observational, multinational cross-sectional study included 5777 children aged 9-11 years from sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. Nocturnal sleep duration (hours per night), sleep efficiency (%) and bedtime (h:min) were monitored over 7 consecutive days using an accelerometer. Lifestyle behaviors included moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), total sedentary time (SED), self-reported screen time (ST) and healthy/unhealthy diet patterns (HDP/UDP). Multilevel modeling analyses were used to account for the hierarchical nature of the data.Overall, participants averaged 8.8 (s.d. 0.9) hours of sleep with 96.2% (s.d. 1.4) sleep efficiency and a mean bedtime of 2218 hours. After adjustment for age, sex, highest parental education and BMI z-score, results showed that (i) sleep duration was negatively associated with MVPA, SED and UDP score; (ii) sleep efficiency was negatively associated with MVPA and UDP score, and positively associated with SED; and (iii) later bedtime was positively associated with SED, ST and UDP score, and negatively associated with MVPA and HDP score. Results using categories of sleep patterns were consistent with the linear associations. Results also revealed that associations between sleep patterns and MVPA, SED and ST were significantly different between study sites, with stronger associations in high-income countries compared with low/middle-income countries.Sleep characteristics are important correlates of lifestyle behaviors in children. Differences between countries suggest that interventions aimed at improving sleep and lifestyle behaviors should be culturally adapted.
| S-EPMC4850622 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundSophisticated recommendation systems are used more and more in the health sector to assist consumers in healthy decision making. In this study we investigate consumers' evaluation of hypothetical health recommendation systems that provide personalized nutrition advice. We examine consumers' intention to use such a health recommendation system as a function of options related to the underlying system (e.g. the type of company that generates the advice) as well as intermediaries (e.g. general practitioner) that might assist in using the system. We further explore if the effect of both the system and intermediaries on intention to use a health recommendation system are mediated by consumers' perceived effort, privacy risk, usefulness and enjoyment.Methods204 respondents from a consumer panel in the Netherlands participated. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. Each respondent evaluated three hypothetical health recommendation systems on validated multi-scale measures of effort, privacy risk, usefulness, enjoyment and intention to use the system. To test the hypothesized relationships we used regression analyses.ResultsWe find evidence that the options related to the underlying system as well as the intermediaries involved influence consumers' intention to use such a health recommendation system and that these effects are mediated by perceptions of effort, privacy risk, usefulness and enjoyment. Also, we find that consumers value usefulness of a system more and enjoyment less when a general practitioner advices them to use a health recommendation system than if they use it out of their own curiosity.ConclusionsWe developed and tested a model of consumers' intention to use a health recommendation system. We found that intermediaries play an important role in how consumers evaluate such a system over and above options of the underlying system that is used to generate the recommendation. Also, health-related information services seem to rely on endorsement by the medical sector. This has considerable implications for the distribution as well as the communication channels of health recommendation systems which may be quite difficult to put into practice outside traditional health service channels.
| S-EPMC3623628 | biostudies-literature