Prospective comparison of ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, whole-body MRI and CT in primary nodal staging of unfavourable intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To prospectively compare ¹⁸F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and standard computed tomography (CT), in primary nodal staging of prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods

Men with newly diagnosed unfavourable intermediate- or high-risk PCa prospectively underwent ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, WBMRI with DWI and contrast-enhanced CT within a median of 8 days. Six readers (two for each modality) independently reported pelvic lymph nodes as malignant, equivocal or benign while blinded to the other imaging modalities. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were reported according to optimistic (equivocal lesions interpreted as benign) and pessimistic (equivocal lesions interpreted as malignant) analyses. The reference standard diagnosis was based on multidisciplinary consensus meetings where available histopathology, clinical and follow-up data were used.

Results

Seventy-nine patients completed all the imaging modalities, except for one case of interrupted WBMRI. Thirty-one (39%) patients had pelvic lymph node metastases, which were detected in 27/31 (87%), 14/31 (45%) and 8/31 (26%) patients by ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, WBMRI with DWI and CT, respectively (optimistic analysis). In 8/31 (26%) patients, only ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT detected malignant lymph nodes, while the other two imaging modalities were reported as negative. At the patient level, sensitivity and specificity values for ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, WBMRI with DWI and CT in optimistic analysis were 0.87 (95%CI 0.71-0.95) and 0.98 (95%CI 0.89-1.00), 0.37 (95%CI 0.22-0.55) and 0.98 (95%CI 0.89-1.00) and 0.26 (95%CI 0.14-0.43) and 1.00 (95%CI 0.93-1.00), respectively.

Conclusion

¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed significantly greater sensitivity in nodal staging of primary PCa than did WBMRI with DWI or CT, while maintaining high specificity.

Clinical trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03537391.

SUBMITTER: Malaspina S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8263440 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature