Association between GnRH Receptor Polymorphisms and Luteinizing Hormone Levels for Low Ovarian Reserve Infertile Women.
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SUBMITTER: Weng SL
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8295745 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Introduction In the literature, conflicting results from studies examining the relationship between obesity and ovarian reserve have been reported. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether obesity adversely affects serum concentrations of ovarian reserve markers in infertile women with different ovarian reserve status. Materials and Methods A total of 402 women were assigned to three groups according to body mass index (BMI; <?25?kg/m 2 : normal, n?=?198; 25.0?–?29.9?kg/m 2 : overweight, n?=?126; and ??30?kg/m 2 : obese, n?=?78). The women were also divided into two groups according to waist circumference (WC; <?80?cm: normal, n?=?103; and ??80?cm: obese, n?=?299). Participants were also categorized into three types of ovarian reserve patterns: normal (n?=?146), high (n?=?112), and poor ovarian reserve (n?=?144). The serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E2), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were assayed and compared in all groups. Results There were no significant differences in BMI and WC in the three ovarian reserve groups. There were significant differences between all ovarian reserve groups for AMH, E2, and FSH (p?<?0.001 for all). The comparisons of ovarian reserve parameters (AMH, E2, and FSH) and obesity parameters (BMI and WC) revealed no significant differences in women with all ovarian reserve patterns. Conclusion The parameters of ovarian reserve do not seem to be affected by increased BMI and WC. Thus, AMH may be considered as a reliable marker of ovarian reserve.
| S-EPMC6336460 | biostudies-other
Project description:To better understand possible effects of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on ovarian reserve in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), we measured creatinine adjusted urinary BPA (BPA_Cre) concentrations and used regression models to evaluate the association between urinary BPA level and antral follicle count (AFC), antimullerian hormone (AMH), day-3 follicle stimulating hormone levels (FSH) and inhibin B (INHB) in 268 infertile women diagnosed with PCOS. BPA was detected in all women with a median concentration of 2.35 ng/mL (the 25th and 75th percentiles of 1.47 ng/mL and 3.95 ng/mL). A unit increase in BPA_Cre was associated with a significant decrease of 0.34 in AFC (? = -0.34, 95% CI = -0.60, -0.08; p = 0.01). Likewise, BPA was negatively associated with AMH and day-3 FSH levels, but neither of them reached statistical significance. No association was observed between BPA and INHB. Our results suggest that in women with PCOS, BPA may affect ovarian follicles and, therefore, reduce ovarian reserve.
| S-EPMC5295269 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMounting evidence implicates an association between ambient air pollution and impaired reproductive potential of human. Our study aimed to assess the association between air pollution and ovarian reserve in young, infertile women.MethodsOur study included 2276 Korean women who attended a single fertility center in 2016-2018. Women's exposure to air pollution was assessed using concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) that had been collected at 269 air quality monitoring sites. Exposure estimates were computed for 1, 3, 6, and 12 months prior to the ovarian reserve tests. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) ratio (defined as an observed-to-expected AMH based on age) and low AMH (defined as < 0.5 ng/mL) were employed as indicators of ovarian reserve. We included a clustering effect of 177 districts in generalized estimating equations approach. A secondary analysis was conducted restricting the analyses to Seoul residents to examine the association in highly urbanized setting.ResultsThe mean age was 36.6 ± 4.2 years and AMH level was 3.3 ± 3.1 ng/mL in the study population. Average AMH ratio was 0.8 ± 0.7 and low AMH was observed in 10.3% of women (n=235). The average concentration of six air pollutants was not different between the normal ovarian reserve and low AMH groups for all averaging periods. In multivariable models, an interquartile range (IQR)-increase in 1 month-average PM10 was associated with decrease in AMH ratio among total population (β= -0.06, 95% confidence interval: -0.11, 0.00). When we restrict our analysis to those living in Seoul, IQR-increases in 1 and 12 month-average PM2.5 were associated with 3% (95% CI: -0.07, 0.00) and 10% (95% CI: -0.18, -0.01) decrease in AMH ratio. The ORs per IQR increase in the six air pollutants were close to null in total population and Seoul residents.ConclusionsIn a cohort of infertile Korean women, there was a suggestive evidence of the negative association between ambient PM concentration and ovarian reserve, highlighting the potential adverse impact of air pollution on women's fertility.
| S-EPMC7879617 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Research questionAre preconception ovarian reserve markers, such as Anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count, associated with preeclampsia and placenta mediated pregnancy complications among women with unexplained infertility who conceive with superovulation?DesignThis is a secondary analysis of women with unexplained infertility who had a singleton live birth after enrollment in the Analysis of Multiple Intrauterine Gestations after Ovarian Stimulation (AMIGOS) trial that randomized couples to superovulation with letrozole, clomiphene, or gonadotropins with insemination for up to 4 cycles.ResultsCompared to controls (N = 156), women who developed preeclampsia (N = 17) had lower Anti-Mullerian hormone levels (2.24 ± 1.20 vs. 2.89 ± 2.32, p = 0.07) and lower antral follicle count (18 ± 7.67 vs. 21 ± 11.43, p = 0.16); though these differences were not statistically significant. There was no relationship between Anti-Mullerian hormone (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.76-1.25) or antral follicle count (OR: 0.98, 95% CI 0.93-1.04) with preeclampsia and between Anti-Mullerian hormone (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.83-1.17) and antral follicle count (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97-1.04) with placenta medicated pregnancy complications after adjusting for age, BMI and race.ConclusionsPreconception ovarian reserve markers are not associated with preeclampsia and placenta mediated pregnancy complications among women with unexplained infertility who conceive with superovulation with insemination.
| S-EPMC8922433 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PURPOSE:To evaluate whether the association between fiber intake and LH levels is driven by the association between fiber and estradiol, or whether there is an independent association. METHODS:A prospective cohort of 259 premenopausal women were followed for up to 2 menstrual cycles. Estrogen and LH were measured ?8 times per cycle at visits scheduled using fertility monitors. Diet was assessed ?4 times per cycle by 24-h recall. Linear mixed models on the log scale of hormones were utilized to evaluate the total effects of fiber intake. Inverse probability weights were utilized to estimate the independent effect of fiber on LH levels. RESULTS:In unweighted analyses, we observed a significant, inverse association between fiber intake (in 5 g/day increments) and log LH levels (?, -0.051, 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.100, -0.002). No association was observed in the weighted analyses, after estradiol levels were taken into account (?, -0.016, 95% CI, -0.060, 0.027). CONCLUSIONS:The decreased levels of LH associated with high fiber intake were attenuated after taking estradiol levels into account, suggesting that the association between fiber and LH is most likely a consequence of fiber's impact on estradiol and not due to an independent mechanism.
| S-EPMC4025915 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ContextIn women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the relationship of insulin to LH secretion and responses to GnRH remains unresolved. A rigorous analytical examination of this relationship has not been performed.ObjectiveOur objective was to determine the relationship of basal LH secretion and responses to GnRH, insulin, and other endocrine variables in normal and PCOS women.DesignIn PCOS and normal women, mean composite 12-h LH secretion was analyzed for correlating factors. LH responses to varying doses of GnRH during a fixed rate of insulin infusion and LH responses to a fixed dose of GnRH during varying doses of insulin infusion were analyzed for contributing factors.Patients and settingEighteen PCOS and 21 normal women underwent studies of frequent blood sampling and GnRH stimulation before and during insulin infusion at the General Clinical Research Center, University of California, San Diego.Main outcome measuresGroup mean composite 12-h LH levels were assessed with respect to other endocrine variables. In addition, LH responses to GnRH with or without insulin infusion were assessed.ResultsIn normal women, insulin negatively predicted mean LH. In PCOS, the combined effect of body mass index (negative) and testosterone (positive) predicted LH. The best predictor of LH was body mass index and insulin combined. Basal LH and LH responses to GnRH were unaltered by insulin infusion in normal women. These measures were reduced during insulin infusion in PCOS women.ConclusionsIn PCOS, insulin infusion suppresses pituitary response to GnRH. In normal women, insulin negatively correlates with mean LH and suppresses GnRH response at a high infusion rate.
| S-EPMC2435648 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with ovarian reserve impairment during and immediately after chemotherapy.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingFour university hospitals.Patient(s)Forty-six adolescent and young adult women with a new diagnosis of cancer requiring chemotherapy.Intervention(s)None.Main outcome measure(s)Measurements of ovarian reserve via levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, inhibin B, and antimüllerian hormone (AMH) as well as antral follicle counts and mean ovarian volume at 3-month intervals.Result(s)Changes in ovarian reserve were quantified for both the acute impact of treatment using linear regression and the longitudinal recovery after therapy using mixed-effects models adjusted for baseline ovarian reserve, use of alkylating agent, and hormone use. The women had at least one pretreatment and two posttreatment study visits (mean follow-up interval: 12 months). All measures of ovarian reserve demonstrated statistically significant changes during chemotherapy. Alkylating agent exposure and baseline ovarian reserve were acutely associated with the magnitude of impairment, and pretreatment AMH levels were associated with the rate of recovery of AMH after treatment. In adjusted models, participants with a pretreatment AMH level > 2 ng/mL recovered at a rate of 11.9% per month after chemotherapy, whereas participants with pretreatment AMH levels ? 2 ng/mL recovered at a rate of 2.6% per month after therapy.Conclusion(s)Baseline ovarian reserve and alkylating agent exposure effect the magnitude of acute changes in ovarian reserve from chemotherapy. The rate of recovery of AMH is impacted by pretreatment levels. This should be considered during pretreatment fertility preservation counseling.
| S-EPMC3661215 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) has been shown to negatively influence endometrial receptivity. Reducing the GnRH-ant dose during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) when using a GnRH-ant protocol may be beneficial to embryo implantation. However, whether or not the minimum daily GnRH-ant dose should be individualized remains uncertain. In this retrospective study, we aimed to elucidate the feasibility and effectiveness of moderately reducing the daily GnRH-ant dose to 0.125 mg, and then adjusting the dose to 0.25 mg based on subsequent luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Of the 434 patients analyzed in this study, 209 received our new flexible low-dose GnRH-ant protocol (Group 1) and 225 received a conventional GnRH-ant protocol with a fixed daily dose of 0.25 mg (Group 2). Furthermore, 105 and 114 cycles from groups 1 and 2 received fresh embryo transfer. In Group 1, 30 patients whose dose of 0.125 mg GnRH-ant was adjusted according to their LH levels and 179 patients who received consistently low doses were further divided into subgroups 1 and 2, respectively. Neither the number of retrieved oocytes and available embryos nor the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate significantly differed between the two groups. However, GnRH-ant dose and stimulation duration were much lower and shorter in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p < 0.05). Subgroup 1 exhibited higher basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lower antral follicle count (AFC) than subgroup 2 significantly. The number of retrieved oocytes and available embryos were lower in subgroup 1 than in subgroup 2 (6.83 ± 3.28 vs. 11.83 ± 4.82, 2.93 ± 1.86 vs. 4.99 ± 3.46, respectively, p < 0.05), while more canceled cycles for pre-ovulation occurred in subgroup 1 than in subgroup 2 (3/30 vs. 1/179, p < 0.05). The results showed that the flexible low-dose GnRH-ant protocol was as effective as the conventional fixed-dose GnRH-ant protocol with 0.25 mg per day for most patients with normal ovarian reserve. This retrospective analysis and the small sample size are the main limitations of this study, and a large sample RCT will be carried out in the future.
| S-EPMC6305714 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Association between phenotype and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor and FSH beta chain genotype was evaluated in women with ovarian dysfunction. FSH receptor gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed by restricted fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique. Three groups were analyzed: two groups formed of poor responders (women with ovarian dysfunctions caused by endometriosis and patients who underwent ovarian stimulation protocols) and a third good responders group (normal-ovulatory women who gave birth to naturally conceived children). A higher average level of basal FSH values were found in mutants in the A919G/Ala307Thr/rs6165 or A2039G/Asn680Ser/rs6166 tests (7.16±1.09; P=0.659). Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) below 1.2 ng/ml was associated with a higher frequency of mutations: 33.3% A919G/Ala307Thr and A2039G/Asn680Ser (P=0.137) and also in 66.6% FSH receptor less frequent polymorphism (c.-29G>A) rs 1394205 (P=0.522). The age, day 3 FSH, and AMH levels are widely used to investigate female infertility. However, we have not yet found the ideal biomarker to determine the best outcome and treatment plan for our patients. We cconsider that genetic markers will become the future in the personalization of controlled ovarian stimulation treatment in the upcoming period.
| S-EPMC7588789 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The mechanisms mediating suppression of reproduction in response to decreased nutrient availability remain undefined, with studies suggesting regulation occurs within the hypothalamus, pituitary, or gonads. By manipulating glucose utilization and GLUT1 expression in a pituitary gonadotrope cell model and in primary gonadotropes, we show GLUT1-dependent stimulation of glycolysis, but not mitochondrial respiration, by the reproductive neuropeptide GnRH. GnRH stimulation increases gonadotrope GLUT1 expression and translocation to the extracellular membrane. Maximal secretion of the gonadotropin Luteinizing Hormone is supported by GLUT1 expression and activity, and GnRH-induced glycolysis is recapitulated in primary gonadotropes. GLUT1 expression increases in vivo during the GnRH-induced ovulatory LH surge and correlates with GnRHR. We conclude that the gonadotropes of the anterior pituitary sense glucose availability and integrate this status with input from the hypothalamus via GnRH receptor signaling to regulate reproductive hormone synthesis and secretion.
| S-EPMC7400764 | biostudies-literature