Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

18 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Synthesis of New Chitosan from an Endemic Chilean Crayfish Exoskeleton (Parastacus Pugnax): Physicochemical and Biological Properties.

ABSTRACT: Chitin is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharides in the world and it is mainly used to produce chitosan by a deacetylation process. In the present study, the extraction of chitin and chitosan from the Parastacus pugnax (P. pugnax) crayfish exoskeleton was studied for the first time. Thus, the P. pugnax crayfish exoskeleton was converted to chitosan following the steps of depigmentation, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The produced chitosan (Chitosan-CGNA) was characterized in terms of the protein content, solubility, degree of deacetylation, viscosity, molecular weight, FTIR, SEM, XRD, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the obtained chitosan had a high degree of deacetylation (91.55%) and a medium molecular weight (589.43 kDa). The antibacterial activity of the chitosan was tested against bacterial strains relevant for the food industry and the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were evidenced with Salmonella tiphymurium (S. typhimurium), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Listeria. Monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). Moreover, the Chitosan-CGNA showed an effect on DPPH radical scavenging activity, and its antioxidant activity was dependent on concentration and deacetylation degree. These results suggest that P. pugnax exoskeleton could be an excellent natural source for the production of chitosan with potential applications in the health system, and to prevent infections associated with pathogens strains.

SUBMITTER: Burgos-Diaz C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8309378 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

The Effect of PEGDE Concentration and Temperature on Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Chitosan.

Project description:Chitosan (CHT) is a polysaccharide with multiple claimed properties and outstanding biocompatibility, generally attributed to the presence of protonable amino groups rendering a cationic natural polymer. However, the effect of changes in CHT structure due to hydration is not considered in its performance. This study compares the effects on biocompatibility after drying at 25 °C and 150 °C scaffolds of chitosan, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) crosslinked CHT (low, medium and high concentration) and glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinked CHT. PEGDE crosslinked CHT showed a reduction in free amino groups and the amide I/II ratio, which exhaustive drying reduced further. In X-ray diffraction (DRX) analysis, PEGDE crosslinked CHT showed multiple peaks, whereas the crystallinity percentage was reduced with an increase in PEGDE concentration and thermal treatments at 150 °C. In a direct contact cell assay, high osteoblast viability was achieved at low and medium PEDGE concentrations, which was improved when the crosslinked scaffolds were thermally treated at 150 °C. This was attributed to its partial hydrophilicity, low crystallinity and low surface roughness; this in spite of the small reduction in the amount of free amino groups on the surface induced during drying at 150 °C. Furthermore, PEGDE crosslinked CHT scaffolds showed strong vinculin and integrin 1β expression, which render them suitable for bone contact applications.

| S-EPMC6918179 | biostudies-literature

The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating.

Project description:The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave and water bath heating with an equivalent quantity of heat intake. The structure and physicochemical properties of the chitosan obtained by these two methods were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR and XRD patterns show that there was no significant difference in the structure of chitosan produced by the two heat sources. The results showed that chitosan with 73.86% deacetylation was successfully prepared by microwave heating within 60 min, while a longer time of 180 min was required for the preparation of chitosan with the same deacetylation degree (74.47%) using the conventional heating method under the same heating rate. Even under the same temperature conditions, microwave technology can greatly reduce the reaction time by approximately 1/3, while the chitosan produced by microwaves can obtain relatively low molecular weight and viscosity. These results showed that microwaves may efficiently promote complete chemical reactions by the friction heating mechanism generated by molecular vibration beyond a rapid heating source, turning into a more efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly method for the further use of rigid shrimp shells and highly crystalline crustacean materials.

| S-EPMC7174223 | biostudies-literature

Evolving in islands of mud: old and structured hidden diversity in an endemic freshwater crayfish from the Chilean hotspot.

Project description:Parastacus is a genus of South American freshwater crayfishes disjunctively distributed in southern Chile, Northern Argentina, Uruguay and Southeastern Brazil. Parastacus pugnax is a Chilean endemic distributed along 700 km of latitude in central-southern Chile from the Pacific coast to the Andean piedmont, which is intensively captured for consumption for local communities. Considering the habitat (wet meadows) and natural history (primary burrower, non-migrant) of the species, we tested a hypothesis of highly structured genetic diversity using mtDNA of 465 specimens gathered at 56 localities across the species range. The crown age of P. pugnax was estimated at 38 Ma, predating the main Andean uplift. The genetic variation of P. pugnax is large and geographically structured. In some cases, genetic groups do not match basin limits, suggesting a previous to current dynamic of basin evolution. The uncovered intraspecific main lineages have different demographic histories. A latitudinal cline in past effective population size reduction suggests environmental singularities with a glacial effect in the southern populations. We suggest adding morphologic and more genetic data in order to assess species limits. Our results contribute to improve future conservation actions for this taxon, providing basic information to delimit conservation units.

| S-EPMC8060301 | biostudies-literature

Physicochemical Properties and Release Study of Antimetabolite-Incorporated Stearoyl Chitosan.

Project description:Stearoyl chitosan (SC), derived from the acylation of chitosan, contributes to the efficiency of drug delivery systems because of its structure, which accommodates the drug in a particle. Nonetheless, its role in chemotherapy has been largely unexplored. The present study involves the synthesis of stearoyl chitosan through the reaction of depolymerized chitosan with stearoyl chloride under mild reaction conditions. The resulting compound was subjected to structural analysis utilizing Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The dispersion of SC molecules in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) forms SC nanoparticles. The best dispersion of SC in the solution was achieved at a 1:60 chitosan-to-stearoyl chloride weight ratio. Three antimetabolite drugs, methotrexate, pemetrexed, and raltitrexed, were selected to examine the loading efficacy of SC. Pemetrexed had the highest drug-loading value of 36.8% among the three antimetabolites incorporated into SC, along with an encapsulation efficiency of 85.1%. The size of SC loaded with antimetabolites ranged from 225 to 369 nm, and their spherical form was verified via a transmission electron microscope. The in vitro release study showed that SC demonstrated controlled drug release, suggesting that SC nanoparticles have significant promise as a delivery strategy for chemotherapy.

| S-EPMC10620914 | biostudies-literature

Physicochemical Properties and Antiherpetic Activity of κ-Carrageenan Complex with Chitosan.

Project description:Nanoparticles formation is one of the ways to modulate the physicochemical properties and enhance the activity of original polysaccharides. For this purpose, based on the polysaccharide of red algae, κ-carrageenan (κ-CRG), it polyelectrolyte complex (PEC), with chitosan, were obtained. The complex formation was confirmed by ultracentrifugation in a Percoll gradient, with dynamic light scattering. According to electron microscopy and DLS, PEC is dense spherical particles with sizes in the range of 150-250 nm. A decrease in the polydispersity of the initial CRG was detected after the PEC formation. Simultaneous exposure of Vero cells with the studied compounds and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) showed that the PEC exhibited significant antiviral activity, effectively inhibiting the early stages of virus-cell interaction. A two-fold increase in the antiherpetic activity (selective index) of PEC compared to κ-CRG was shown, which may be due to a change in the physicochemical characteristics of κ-CRG in PEC.

| S-EPMC10141160 | biostudies-literature

Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogel Loaded with Fosfomycin.

Project description:Thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels-renewable, biocompatible materials-have many applications as injectable biomaterials for localized drug delivery in the treatment of a variety of diseases. To combat infections such as Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis, localized antibiotic delivery would allow for higher doses at the site of infection without the risks associated with traditional antibiotic regimens. Fosfomycin, a small antibiotic in its own class, was loaded into a chitosan hydrogel system with varied beta-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) and fosfomycin (FOS) concentrations. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the interactions between FOS and chitosan hydrogel. The Kirby Bauer assay revealed an unexpected concentration-dependent inhibition of S. aureus, with reduced efficacy at the high FOS concentration but only at the low β-GP concentration. No effect of FOS concentration was observed for the planktonic assay. Rheological testing revealed that increasing β-GP concentration increased the storage modulus while decreasing gelation temperature. NMR showed that FOS was removed from the liquid portion of the hydrogel by reaction over 12 h. SEM and FTIR confirmed gels degraded and released organophosphates over 5 days. This work provides insight into the physicochemical interactions between fosfomycin and chitosan hydrogel systems and informs selection of biomaterial components for improving infection treatment.

| S-EPMC8001123 | biostudies-literature

Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties, and Biological Activities of 4-(S-Methyl-N-(2,2,2-Trifluoroacetyl)Sulfilimidoyl) Anthranilic Diamide.

Project description:Novel anthranilic diamides with sulfilimidoyl and sulfoximidoyl functionalities were successfully prepared. Among newly-prepared organosulfur compounds, 3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-(2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)-4-(methylthio)phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide and (S,E)-3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-(2-methyl-4-(S-methyl-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)sulfinimidoyl)-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide showed good levels of efficacy and a strong correlation between insecticidal activities and physical properties, respectively. In particular, available data indicated that the N-trifluoroacetyl sulfilimine moiety could be an appealing structural scaffold for the discovery of a new crop-protecting agent.

| S-EPMC6804157 | biostudies-literature

Effect of Deterpenated Origanum majorana L. Essential Oil on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Chitosan/β-Chitin Nanofibers Nanocomposite Films.

Project description:Herein, the effect of three deterpenated fractions from Origanum majorana L. essential oil on the physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties of chitosan/β-chitin nanofibers-based nanocomposite films were investigated. In general, the incorporation of Origanum majorana L. original essential oil or its deterpenated fractions increases the opacity of the nanocomposite films and gives them a yellowish color. The water solubility decreases from 58% for chitosan/β-chitin nanofibers nanocomposite film to around 32% for the nanocomposite films modified with original essential oil or its deterpenated fractions. Regarding the thermal stability, no major changes were observed, and the mechanical properties decreased. Interestingly, data show differences on the biological properties of the materials depending on the incorporated deterpenated fraction of Origanum majorana L. essential oil. The nanocomposite films prepared with the deterpenated fractions with a high concentration of oxygenated terpene derivatives show the best antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, with fungal growth inhibition of around 85.90%. Nonetheless, the only nanocomposite film that does not present cytotoxicity on the viability of L929 fibroblast cells after 48 and 72 h is the one prepared with the fraction presenting the higher terpenic hydrocarbon content (87.92%). These results suggest that the composition of the deterpenated fraction plays an important role in determining the biological properties of the nanocomposite films.

| S-EPMC8124804 | biostudies-literature

Effect of Polysaccharide Sources on the Physicochemical Properties of Bromelain-Chitosan Nanoparticles.

Project description:Bromelain, a set of proteolytic enzymes potential pharmaceutical applications, was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles to enhance enzyme stability, and the effect of different chitosan sources was evaluated. Chitosan types (i.e., low molecular weight chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide lactate, and chitosan from shrimp shells) produced nanoparticles with different physicochemical properties, however in all cases, particle size and zeta potential decreased, and polydispersity index increased after bromelain addition. Bromelain encapsulation was higher than 84% and 79% for protein content and enzymatic activity, respectively, with low molecular weight chitosan presenting the highest encapsulation efficiency. Nanoparticle suspension was also tested for accelerated stability and rheological behavior. For the chitosan-bromelain nanoparticles, an instability index below 0.3 was recorded and, in general, the loading of bromelain in chitosan nanoparticles decreased the cohesiveness of the final suspension.

| S-EPMC6835720 | biostudies-literature

New Zinc-Based Active Chitosan Films: Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties.

Project description:The improvement of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of chitosan (CS) films can be realized by incorporating transition metal complexes as active components. In this context, bioactive films were prepared by embedding a newly synthesized acylpyrazolonate Zn(II) complex, [Zn(QPhtBu)2(MeOH)2], into the eco-friendly biopolymer CS matrix. Homogeneous, amorphous, flexible, and transparent CS@Znn films were obtained through the solvent casting method in dilute acidic solution, using different weight ratios of the Zn(II) complex to CS and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The X-ray single-crystal analysis of [Zn(QPhtBu)2(MeOH)2] and the evaluation of its intermolecular interactions with a protonated glucosamine fragment through hydrogen bond propensity (HBP) calculations are reported. The effects of the different contents of the [Zn(QPhtBu)2(MeOH)2] complex on the CS biological proprieties have been evaluated, proving that the new CS@Znn films show an improved antioxidant activity, tested according to the DPPH method, with respect to pure CS, related to the concentration of the incorporated Zn(II) complex. Finally, the CS@Znn films were tried out as antimicrobial agents, showing an increase in antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) with respect to pure CS, when detected by the agar disk-diffusion method.

| S-EPMC9194505 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data