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Association of CNR1 and INSIG2 polymorphisms with antipsychotics-induced weight gain: a prospective nested case-control study.

ABSTRACT: Weight gain is a frequent and severe adverse reaction in patients taking antipsychotics. The objective was to further investigate in a natural setting influential risk factors associated with clinically significant weight gain. An observational follow-up study was conducted. Patients when initiating treatment with whatever antipsychotic were included; a structured questionnaire was applied at baseline, 3 and 6 months later; a blood sample was obtained. In a nested case-control approach, patients with an increase ≥ 7% of their initial weight were considered as cases, the remaining, as controls. The results showed that, out of 185 patients, 137 completed the 6-month follow-up (cases, 38; controls, 99). Weight gain gradually and significantly increased in cases (baseline, 65.0 kg; 6 months, 74.0 kg) but not in controls (65.6 kg and 65.8 kg, respectively). Age (adjusted OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96-0.99, p = 0.004), olanzapine (adjusted OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.13-7.80, p = 0.027) and quetiapine (adjusted OR = 0.25, 95% = 0.07-0.92, p = 0.037) significantly associated with weight gain. An association was also found for the CNR1 (rs1049353) and INSIG2 (rs7566605) polymorphisms. In conclusion, an increased risk of antipsychotics-induced weight gain was observed for younger age and olanzapine, and a relative lower risk for quetiapine. A potential role of CNR1 rs1049353 and INSIG2 rs7566605 polymorphisms is suggested.

SUBMITTER: Jimeno N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8316361 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:ObjectiveTo determine whether infection with human enterovirus or adenovirus, both common intestinal viruses, predicts development of coeliac disease.DesignCase-control study nested within Norwegian birth cohort recruited between 2001 and 2007 and followed to September 2016.SettingNorwegian population.ParticipantsChildren carrying the HLA genotype DR4-DQ8/DR3-DQ2 conferring increased risk of coeliac disease.ExposuresEnterovirus and adenovirus detected using real time polymerase chain reaction in monthly stool samples from age 3 to 36 months.Main outcome measureCoeliac disease diagnosed according to standard criteria. Coeliac disease antibodies were tested in blood samples taken at age 3, 6, 9, and 12 months and then annually. Adjusted odds ratios from mixed effects logistic regression model were used to assess the relation between viral infections before development of coeliac disease antibodies and coeliac disease.ResultsAmong 220 children, and after a mean of 9.9 (SD 1.6) years, 25 children were diagnosed as having coeliac disease after screening and were matched to two controls each. Enterovirus was found in 370 (17%) of 2135 samples and was significantly more frequent in samples collected before development of coeliac disease antibodies in cases than in controls (adjusted odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.07 to 2.06; P=0.02). The association was restricted to infections after introduction of gluten. High quantity samples (>100 000 copies/μL) (adjusted odds ratio 2.11, 1.24 to 3.60; P=0.01) and long lasting infections (>2 months) (2.16, 1.16 to 4.04; P=0.02) gave higher risk estimates. Both the commonly detected enterovirus species Enterovirus A and Enterovirus B were significantly associated with coeliac disease. The association was not found for infections during or after development of coeliac disease antibodies. Adenovirus was not associated with coeliac disease.ConclusionsIn this longitudinal study, a higher frequency of enterovirus, but not adenovirus, during early childhood was associated with later coeliac disease. The finding adds new information on the role of viral infections in the aetiology of coeliac disease.

Project description:BackgroundDefecation delay (greater than or equal to 3 days post-surgery) is a common symptom in patients after lung tumor surgery. This study investigated the incidence and relevant risk factors of defecation delay in patients after lung tumor surgery.MethodsBetween October 2019 and March 2020, a prospective nested case-control study was conducted in 80 patients who received lung tumor surgery in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. According to the Rome III criteria for functional constipation and the accepted definitions in the literature, patients with defecation delay time greater than or equal to 3 days post-surgery were classified as the defecation delay group, and the remaining patients were considered the control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted to explore the trait of the stool, defecation time, postoperative activity, diet, and perioperative pain score. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the risk factors affecting defecation time in the two groups.ResultsOut of 80 patients, a total of 44 patients (44/80) experienced defecation delay after the operation. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in operation methods (P<0.029), postoperative stool trait (P<0.001), difficulty in defecation (P<0.01), and perioperative pain score (P=0.0178), suggesting that change of stool characteristics and pain were possible factors causing defecation delay. Multivariate analysis also revealed significant differences between the two groups in the postoperative pain score on the first day post-surgery (P=0.03).ConclusionsDefecation delay is a common symptom in patients after lung cancer surgery, and is related to operation method, pain score, and changes in stool characteristics. This study identified that minimally invasive surgery, postoperative pain relief treatment, and health education may play an important role in preventing delayed defecation.

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Association of CNR1 and INSIG2 polymorphisms with antipsychotics-induced weight gain: a prospective nested case-control study.

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