Genetic predisposition to allergic diseases is inversely associated with risk of COVID-19.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Larsson SC
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8327281 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:We carried out a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) including cases of eczema (N = 218,792), asthma (N = 462,933), and allergic rhinitis (N = 112,583). COVID-19 susceptibility (N = 1,683,768), COVID-19 hospitalization (N = 1,887,658), and COVID-19 severe respiratory symptom (N = 1,388,342) were sampled from GWAS database. The MR analysis was primarily based on inverse variance weighted (IVW), supplemented by several other algorithms. In the bidirectional MR analysis, eczema was negatively associated with COVID-19 susceptibility (odds ratio (OR) IVW = 0.92; p = 0.031) and COVID-19 hospitalization (ORIVW = 0.81, p = 0.010); asthma was negatively associated with COVID-19 susceptibility (ORIVW = 0.65, p = 0.005) and COVID-19 severe respiratory symptom (ORIVW = 0.20, p = 0.001). No significant association was found between allergic rhinitis and COVID-19 susceptibility (ORIVW = 0.80, p = 0.174), COVID-19 hospitalization (ORIVW = 0.71, p = 0.207), or COVID-19 severe respiratory symptom (ORIVW = 0.56; p = 0.167). The reverse MR analysis showed no potential reverse causal association. Our findings provided new evidence that allergic diseases might be associated with different risks of COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severe respiratory symptom.
| S-EPMC10200717 | biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC8759095 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The availability of high-throughput genotyping and large collaborative clinical networks creating well-characterized patient populations with DNA repositories has facilitated genome-wide scans and candidate gene studies to identify susceptibility alleles for the development of interstitial lung disease. The association of pulmonary fibrosis with rare inherited disorders, and the variable susceptibility of inbred mouse strains to this disease indicate that pulmonary fibrosis is determined by genetic factors. Sarcoidosis represents a complex disease with racial and ethnic differences in disease prevalence, and evidence of familial clustering. Familial aggregation of sarcoidosis from 'A Case-Control Etiologic Study of Sarcoidosis' (ACCESS) reveals a familial odds ratio (OR) of sarcoidosis of 5.8 (95% CI 2.1-15.9) for sibs and 3.8 (95% CI 1.2-11.3) for parents. Several HLA class II alleles have been associated with either increased or decreased risk of sarcoidosis, and results vary depending on study populations of different ethnicity. Genome-wide screening has conclusively identified linkage to chromosome 5q11and the development of sarcoidosis, and HLA genes and BTNL2 are susceptibility genes located in this region. Familial aggregation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) has been established by several groups, and a large US-based study suggests autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced penetrance; furthermore, cigarette smoking was associated with affection status among siblings (OR = 3.6, 95% CI 1.3-9.8, p = 0.01). Families demonstrate more than one type of IIP, suggesting various subtypes of IIP may share a common pathogenesis. Genome-wide linkage scans in familial interstitial pneumonia demonstrate linkage to chromosomes 4, 5 and 11. Candidate gene studies indicate that surfactant protein C and telomerase are susceptibility genes for the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Future challenges include determining how multiple susceptibility alleles interact with each other and environmental factors resulting in disease risk and multiple phenotypes, and determining the mechanism of action and cellular pathways involving susceptibility alleles. Further insight into these areas may lead to new therapeutic interventions.
| S-EPMC2907670 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Several studies have identified rare and common genetic variants associated with severe COVID-19, but no study has reported genetic determinants as predisposition factors for neurological complications. In this report, we identified rare/unique structural variants (SVs) implicated in neurological functions in two individuals with neurological manifestations of COVID-19. This report highlights the possible genetic link to the neurological symptoms with COVID-19 and calls for a collective effort to study these cohorts for a possible genetic linkage.
| S-EPMC9855758 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTraditional epidemiological studies suggested that Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) might correlate with stroke. We intend to explore whether the two most common neurodegenerative diseases [Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD)] are causally associated with stroke and its subtypes.MethodsTwo-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) method was used to explore the causal relationships. Candidate genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for AD and PD were collected from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in European populations. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the primary method of MR analysis, and the weighted median method was supplementary. In addition, the MR-Egger method and the MR-PRESSO test were used as well.ResultsWe found no causal effects of AD on stroke, Ischemic stroke (IS), or Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). As for PD and stroke, our preliminary results showed PD could causally influence the risk of stroke [odds ratio (OR): 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.07; P = 0.001 by the IVW method], although the alternative method did not support this result. We identified the positive causal relationship between PD and the risk of IS (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07; P = 0.001 by the IVW method), and the alternative MR methods produced similar results. The present study found there was no causal relationship between PD and ICH.ConclusionThis study found a causal relationship between genetic susceptibility to PD and the incidence of stroke (especially IS) in the European population; however, there was no causal relation between AD and stroke risk.
| S-EPMC9676950 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this study we profiled 288 new serum proteomics samples measured at admission from patients hospitalized within the Mount Sinai Health System with positive SARS-CoV-2 infection. We first computed Th1 and Th2 pathway enrichment scores by gene set variation analysis and then compared the differences in Th2 and Th1 pathway scores between patients that died compared to those that survived.
2022-06-16 | GSE178399 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundOn March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 to be a pandemic disease. Interactions between allergy-related inflammatory and psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been documented. Therefore, those who have pre-existing allergic conditions may have an increased psychiatric reaction to the stresses of the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectiveIdentify the psychological impact of COVID-19 in patients with allergic diseases and determine if these individuals have a greater risk of presenting with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodsIt is a cross-sectional, survey-based study designed to assess the degree of symptoms of depression and the risk of PTSD using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), respectively, in allergic patients.ResultsA total of 4106 surveys were evaluated; 1656 (40.3%) were patients with allergic disease, and 2450 (59.7%) were non-allergic (control) individuals. Of those with allergies, 76.6% had respiratory allergic disease including asthma and allergic rhinitis. Individuals with allergic disease reported higher scores regarding symptoms of PTSD on the IES-R scale (p = 0.052, OR 1.24 CI 0.99-1.55) as well as a higher depression risk score in the PHQ-9 questionnaire (mean 6.82 vs. 5.28) p = 0.000 z = -8.76.The allergy group presented a higher score in the IES-R questionnaire (mean 25.42 vs. 20.59), being more susceptible to presenting PTSD (p = 0.000, z = -7.774).The individuals with allergic conditions were further divided into subgroups of those with respiratory allergies such as allergic rhinitis and asthma vs those with non-respiratory allergies such as drug and food allergy, urticaria and atopic dermatitis. This subgroup analysis compares respiratory versus non-respiratory allergic patients, with similar results on the IES-R (mean 25.87 vs 23.9) p = 0.0124, z = -1.539. There was no significant difference on intrusion (p = 0.061, z = -1.873) and avoidance (p = 0.767, z = -0.297), but in the hyperarousal subscale, patients with respiratory allergy had higher scores (mean 1.15 vs. 0.99) p = 0.013 z = -2.486.ConclusionsPsychological consequences such as depression and reported PTSD are present during the COVID-19 pandemic causing an impact particularly in individuals with allergic diseases. If we acknowledge the impact and how it is affecting our patients, we are able to implement interventions, follow up, and contribute to their overall well-being.
| S-EPMC7826023 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aims: The causal relationship between COVID-19 infection and stroke has not yet been fully established. This study aimed to explore this causality using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Materials and Methods: Genetic variants associated with COVID-19 infection and stroke were both obtained from genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables. The standard inverse variance weighted (IVW) was primarily used to assess this causality. Finally, sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability and stability. Results: The results showed that being hospitalized due to COVID-19 had a positive effect on stroke [OR = 1.05; 95% CI= (1.01, 1.10); p = 2.34 × 10-5] and ischemic stroke [OR = 1.06; 95% CI= (1.02, 1.11); p = 2.28 × 10-6] analyzed by inverse variance weighted. Moreover, the results revealed that severe respiratory symptoms due to COVID-19 had a positive effect on stroke [OR = 1.04; 95% CI= (1.00, 1.06); p = 0.04] and that the causal effect of severe respiratory symptoms due to COVID-19 on ischemic stroke estimated by IVW suggested a positive effect [OR = 1.06; 95% CI= (1.02, 1.09); p = 0.0068], too. Conclusion: In summary, this study showed that severe COVID-19 might increase the risk of stroke, thus much more attention should be paid to patients with severe COVID-19.
| S-EPMC9412810 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have led to a global pandemic associated with high fatality rates. COVID-19 primarily manifests in the respiratory system as an acute respiratory distress syndrome following viral entry through the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) that is present in pulmonary epithelial cells. Central in COVID-19 is the burst of cytokines, known as a "cytokine storm", and the subsequent widespread endothelial activation, leading to cardiovascular complications such as myocarditis, arrhythmias, and adverse vascular events, among others. Genetic alterations may play an additive, detrimental role in the clinical course of patients with COVID-19, since gene alterations concerning ACE2, major histocompatibility complex class I, and toll-like receptors may predispose patients to a worse clinical outcome. Since the role of inflammation is quintessential in COVID-19, pharmacologic inhibition of various signaling pathways such as the interleukin-1 and -6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon gamma, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor may ameliorate the prognosis following timely administration. Finally, frequently used, non-specific anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids, statins, colchicine, and macrolides represent additional therapeutic considerations.
| S-EPMC8868779 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
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