Dataset Information

Serum perfluoroalkyl substances and lung function in adolescents exposed to the World Trade Center disaster.

ABSTRACT: The effects of childhood exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on lung function remain mostly unknown. Previous research indicates that children living or going to school near the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster were exposed to high levels of PFASs, among other toxic chemicals. To explore the effects of PFAS exposure on lung function, we measured serum PFASs in a cohort of children from the WTC Health Registry and a matched control group. Perfluorooctanesulfonate had the highest median concentrations in both groups (WTCHR = 3.72 ng/mL, Comparison = 2.75 ng/mL), while the lowest median concentrations were seen for perfluoroundecanoic acid (WTCHR = 0.12 ng/mL, Comparison = 0.01 ng/mL). Lung function outcomes were measured by spirometry, plethysmography, and oscillometry. Asthma diagnosis and serum eosinophil count were also recorded. We examined the relationships of each PFAS with lung function parameters and eosinophil count using linear regressions. Odds ratios for asthma were obtained for each PFAS using logistic regression. The effect of total PFASs on these outcomes was also assessed. All regression models were adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, age, body mass index (BMI) and tobacco smoke exposure. We found that serum PFASs were not statistically associated with the measured lung function parameters, asthma diagnosis, or eosinophil count in this cohort (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need for more longitudinal studies to explore the long-term effects of childhood PFAS exposure on lung function past adolescence and early adulthood.

SUBMITTER: Gaylord A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8336627 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Serum perfluoroalkyl substances and lung function in adolescents exposed to the World Trade Center disaster.

Gaylord Abigail A Berger Kenneth I KI Naidu Mrudula M Attina Teresa M TM Gilbert Joseph J Koshy Tony T TT Han Xiaoxia X Marmor Michael M Shao Yongzhao Y Giusti Robert R Goldring Roberta M RM Kannan Kurunthachalam K Trasande Leonardo L

Environmental research 20190216

The effects of childhood exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on lung function remain mostly unknown. Previous research indicates that children living or going to school near the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster were exposed to high levels of PFASs, among other toxic chemicals. To explore the effects of PFAS exposure on lung function, we measured serum PFASs in a cohort of children from the WTC Health Registry and a matched control group. Perfluorooctanesulfonate had the highest median ...[more]

PMID: 30822559

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Project description:BackgroundLarge amounts of various chemical contaminants, including perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), were released at the time of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster. Thousands of children who lived and/or attended school near the disaster site were exposed to these substances but few studies have examined the possible consequences related to these exposures.ObjectivesTo examine the relationship of PFASs serum levels with cardiometabolic profile in children and adolescents enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) and a matched comparison group.MethodsWe evaluated WTCHR enrollees who resided in New York City and were born between September 11, 1993 and September 10, 2001, and a matched comparison group consisting of individuals who were ineligible for WTCHR participation upon distance of their home, school or work from the WTC and lack of participation in rescue and recovery activities. Matching was based on date of birth, sex, race, ethnicity, and income. We assessed exposure to PFASs, as measured by serum levels and association with cardiometabolic profile as measured by arterial wall stiffness, body mass index, insulin resistance, fasting total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides.ResultsA total of 402 participants completed the study and serum samples were analyzed from 308 participants, 123 in the WTCHR group and 185 in the comparison group. In multivariable regression analysis, after adjusting for relevant confounders, we observed a significant, positive association of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with triglycerides (beta coefficient=0.14, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.27, 15.1% change), total cholesterol (beta coefficient=0.09, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.14, 9.2% change), and LDL cholesterol (beta coefficient=0.11, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19, 11.5% change). Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid levels were associated with decreased insulin resistance (beta coefficient=-0.09, 95% CI: -0.18, -0.003, -8.6% change); PFOA and perfluorononanoic acid were associated with increased brachial artery distensibility.ConclusionsThis research adds to our knowledge of the physical health impacts in a large group of children exposed to the WTC disaster. Abnormal lipid levels in young adults might be an early marker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases and our findings highlight the importance of conducting longitudinal studies in this population.

Project description:ImportanceThe World Trade Center (WTC) attacks on September 11, 2001, created an unprecedented environmental exposure to known and suspected carcinogens suggested to increase the risk of multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is consistently preceded by the precursor states of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and light-chain MGUS, detectable in peripheral blood.ObjectiveTo characterize WTC-exposed firefighters with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma and to conduct a screening study for MGUS and light-chain MGUS.Design, setting, and participantsCase series of multiple myeloma in firefighters diagnosed between September 11, 2001, and July 1, 2017, together with a seroprevalence study of MGUS in serum samples collected from Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters between December 2013 and October 2015. Participants included all WTC-exposed FDNY white, male firefighters with a confirmed physician diagnosis of multiple myeloma (n = 16) and WTC-exposed FDNY white male firefighters older than 50 years with available serum samples (n = 781).ExposuresWTC exposure defined as rescue and/or recovery work at the WTC site between September 11, 2001, and July 25, 2002.Main outcomes and measuresMultiple myeloma case information, and age-adjusted and age-specific prevalence rates for overall MGUS (ie, MGUS and light-chain MGUS), MGUS, and light-chain MGUS.ResultsSixteen WTC-exposed white male firefighters received a diagnosis of multiple myeloma after September 11, 2001; median age at diagnosis was 57 years (interquartile range, 50-68 years). Serum/urine monoclonal protein isotype/free light-chain data were available for 14 cases; 7 (50%) had light-chain multiple myeloma. In a subset of 7 patients, myeloma cells were assessed for CD20 expression; 5 (71%) were CD20 positive. In the screening study, we assayed peripheral blood from 781 WTC-exposed firefighters. The age-standardized prevalence rate of MGUS and light-chain MGUS combined was 7.63 per 100 persons (95% CI, 5.45-9.81), 1.8-fold higher than rates from the Olmsted County, Minnesota, white male reference population (relative rate, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.34-2.29). The age-standardized prevalence rate of light-chain MGUS was more than 3-fold higher than in the same reference population (relative rate, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.99-4.93).Conclusions and relevanceEnvironmental exposure to the WTC disaster site is associated with myeloma precursor disease (MGUS and light-chain MGUS) and may be a risk factor for the development of multiple myeloma at an earlier age, particularly the light-chain subtype.

Dataset Information

Serum perfluoroalkyl substances and lung function in adolescents exposed to the World Trade Center disaster.

Publications

Serum perfluoroalkyl substances and lung function in adolescents exposed to the World Trade Center disaster.

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