Skipping breakfast is associated with lifestyle habits among Japanese pupils.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kohyama J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8342877 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Skipping breakfast is associated with lifestyle habits among Japanese pupils.
Clinical and experimental pediatrics 20201104 8
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Project description:BackgroundTime-restricted eating has been increasingly recognized as a promising option to reduce food intake and combat obesity. Especially in Asian countries such as Japan, because of the wide variety of food choices available, a dietary approach that emphasizes meal timing can be more practical and easier to implement and adhere to, compared with approaches that focus on specific dietary content, such as low-fat or low-carbohydrate diets.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify eating patterns among Japanese men and women using a smartphone application (app) called "Taberhythm." In addition, we sought to evaluate the relationship of breakfast eating habits with lifestyle behaviors and body mass index, and determine whether sex differences were present.MethodsA total of 3369 smartphone users were eligible to participate in this observational study. Users recorded 1 mo of lifestyle logs using the app; 254 participants (178 women, 38 ± 12 y old, body mass index 23.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2) had sufficient records to calculate daily fasting duration and sleep duration, and were eligible for the analyses.ResultsFasting duration was ∼12.6 h and was longer in women than men, among participants who never skipped breakfast. Breakfast skipping was associated with longer screen time, and more frequent snacking, only in men. Men with irregular breakfast eating patterns had a longer duration of fasting after awakening that was associated with obesity.ConclusionsWe investigated eating patterns among Japanese people using a smartphone app and revealed that skipping breakfast was more deleterious in men than in women.
| S-EPMC10448026 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionIn Japan, breakfast styles are categorized into five groups; Japanese breakfast (JB; rice and miso soup), Western breakfast (WB; bread and milk), Japanese-Western breakfast (J-WB; alternative daily serving), cereal breakfast (CB), and breakfast skipping. In our recent studies, breakfast style was highly associated with the daily sleep-wake phase (chronotype), and healthy eating habits. In contrast with other breakfast style consumers, JB-consumers were positively associated with the morning chronotype and healthy eating habits such as a high consumption of a variety of protein sources, vegetables, and dietary fibers, and low consumption of sweetened juices. These previous studies included only adult participants; hence, in the current study, we investigated whether similar observations can be made in children.MethodsPreschool (aged 3-5 years) and elementary school children (6-8 years) (N = 6,104, 49.87% boys, 50.13% girls, mean body mass index 15.39 ± 0.03 kg/m2 for preschoolers and percentage of overweight -2.73 ± 0.22 for elementary school children) participated in this cross-sectional online survey on lifestyle, including eating and sleep habits, through their mother's responses.ResultsThe results showed that the morning-evening type index values (chronotype indicator, smaller indicates morning type) were negatively correlated with JB intake (-0.05, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with WB (0.03, p < 0.05) and CB intake (0.06, p < 0.01), suggesting that the JB group exhibited the morning chronotype and the WB and CB groups exhibited the evening chronotype. The JB group consumed a variety of protein sources (mean ± SE; days/week) with more frequency (fish 2.95 ± 0.038 p < 0.001, soy 3.55 ± 0.043 p < 0.001, egg 3.82 ± 0.044 p < 0.001) compared with the WB group (fish 2.58 ± 0.033, soy 3.00 ± 0.038, egg 3.49 ± 0.039). On the other hand, the JB group consumed snacks (5.48 ± 0.042 p < 0.001) and sweetened juice (2.50 ± 0.050 p < 0.001) less frequently than the WB group (snacks; 5.80 ± 0.037 and sweetened juice; 2.74 ± 0.049).DiscussionJB-eating children with a morning chronotype exhibited better sleep and eating habits than WB-eating children with an evening type pattern. The results suggest that JB eating habits may be associated with good eating and sleeping lifestyles, even among preschool and elementary school children.
| S-EPMC10348839 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic underhydration and malnutrition can be associated with irreversible renal damage. This study investigated the association of meal frequency and breakfast skipping with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in South Korea. Participants (4370 participants from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI 2013-2014) were divided into two groups based on meal frequency: ≥ 15 or < 15 meals/week. They were further divided into four groups based on the frequency of breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumed in the previous year. The data were analyzed with complex samples logistic regression. We found that 9.6% of the participants (n = 412) had CKD, which was associated with gender, body mass index, serum fasting glucose, daily calorie intake, hypertension, diabetes, and cerebrovascular accident. Participants consuming <15 meals/week had a higher risk of CKD than those who consumed ≥15 meals/week (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.531, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.209-1.938). Participants who rarely had breakfast showed a higher risk of CKD than those who had breakfast 5-7 times/week (adjusted OR 1.572, 95% CI 1.108-2.231). Our findings suggest that <15 meals/week or skipping breakfast is associated with a higher risk of CKD in the general South Korean population, especially for men or persons aged 42-64 years.
| S-EPMC7071178 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A balanced diet and protein source intake are reportedly good for health. However, many people skip breakfast or have a light breakfast. Thus, this study aimed to examine the influence of breakfast styles on eating habits among Japanese workers, including traditional Japanese-style breakfast (JB), a pattern in which Japanese foods are eaten; Japanese-Western-style breakfast (J–W B), a pattern in which Japanese and Western foods are eaten alternately; Western-style breakfast (WB), a pattern in which Western foods are eaten; and cereal-style breakfast (CB), a pattern in which cereal is eaten. We hypothesized that breakfast style may be related to good eating habits. Data from 4274 respondents (67.97% male, 33.03% female, age 48.12 ± 0.19 years), excluding night shift workers and breakfast absentees out of a total of 5535 respondents, were analyzed. The results suggest that Japanese food is linked to the intake of protein sources such as fish, eggs, and soy. Furthermore, it was suggested that Japanese food breakfast is effective for good eating habits, such as not eating irregular amounts of food, not eating snacks, not drinking sweet juices, and having a balanced diet.
| S-EPMC9740526 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveWe examined whether breakfast frequency was associated with chronic inflammatory, as assessed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingKailuan community, China.ParticipantsIncluded were 70 092 Chinese adults without CVD and cancer in 2014 with CRP concentrations <10 mg/l, when breakfast frequency was assessed via a questionnaire, and plasma CRP concentration was measured.ResultsBreakfast frequency was associated with CRP concentration (P-trend < 0·001). The adjusted mean CRP was 1·33 mg/l (95 % CI 1·23, 1·44) for the 'no breakfast' group and 1·07 mg/l (95 % CI 1·0, 1·14) for the 'breakfast everyday' group (P-difference < 0·001), adjusting for age, sex, diet quality, total energy, obesity, education, occupation, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, sleep parameters, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles. Consistently, the adjusted OR for CRP ≥ 1·0 mg/l and CRP ≥ 3·0 mg/l were 1·86 (95 % CI 1·73, 2·00) and 1·27 (95 % CI 1·15, 1·40), respectively, when comparing these two breakfast consumption groups (P-trend < 0·001 for both). The associations were more pronounced among older adults, relative to those who were younger (P-interaction < 0·001). Significant association between breakfast skipping and elevated CRP concentration was observed in those with poor diet quality, but not those with good diet quality.ConclusionsHabitually skipping breakfast is associated with elevated concentrations of CRP. Future prospective studies including repeated assessment of inflammatory biomarkers and a collection of detailed information on type and amount of breakfast foods are warranted.
| S-EPMC9884755 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsCardiac conduction disease can lead to syncope, heart failure, and death. The only available therapy is pacemaker implantation, with no established prevention strategies. Research to identify modifiable risk factors has been scant.Methods and resultsData from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a population-based cohort study of adults ≥ 65 years with annual 12-lead electrocardiograms obtained over 10 years, were utilized to examine relationships between baseline characteristics, including lifestyle habits, and conduction disease. Of 5050 participants (mean age 73 ± 6 years; 52% women), prevalent conduction disease included 257 with first-degree atrioventricular block, 99 with left anterior fascicular block, 9 with left posterior fascicular block, 193 with right bundle branch block (BBB), 76 with left BBB, and 102 with intraventricular block at baseline. After multivariable adjustment, older age, male sex, a larger body mass index, hypertension, and coronary heart disease were associated with a higher prevalence of conduction disease, whereas White race and more physical activity were associated with a lower prevalence. Over a median follow-up on 7 (interquartile range 1-9) years, 1036 developed incident conduction disease. Older age, male sex, a larger BMI, and diabetes were each associated with incident conduction disease. Of lifestyle habits, more physical activity (hazard ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.84-0.98, P = 0.017) was associated with a reduced risk, while smoking and alcohol did not exhibit a significant association.ConclusionWhile some difficult to control comorbidities were associated with conduction disease as expected, a readily modifiable lifestyle factor, physical activity, was associated with a lower risk.
| S-EPMC10226753 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBreakfast is deemed the most important meal of the day. We examined the prospective associations of breakfast habits with emotional/behavioral problems in adolescents and potential effect modification.Methods115,217 Primary 6 students (United States Grade 6; mean age, 11.9; standard deviation [SD], 0.59 years) who attended the Student Health Service of Department of Health in Hong Kong in 2004/05, 2006/07, 2008/09 were followed till Secondary 6 (United States Grade 12). Emotional/behavioral problems were biennially examined using Youth Self-Report since Secondary 2 (United States Grade 8). Lifestyles were biennially examined using standardized questionnaires since Primary 6. Prospective associations of breakfast habit with emotional/behavioral problems and potential effect modification were examined using generalized estimating equations.ResultsCompared with eating breakfast at home, eating breakfast away from home was significantly associated with total emotional/behavioral problems and seven syndromes, including withdrawal, somatic complaints, anxiety/depression, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behaviors, and aggressive behaviors (adjusted odds ratios [AORs] 1.22-2.04), while skipping breakfast showed stronger associations with the above problems and social problems (AORs 1.34-2.29). Stronger associations were observed in younger students for total and attention problems (P < 0.03) and in those with lower weight status for delinquent behaviors (P = 0.005).ConclusionEating breakfast away from home and especially skipping breakfast were prospectively associated with adolescent emotional/behavioral problems. The associations weakened with increasing age for total emotional/behavioral and attention problems, and weakened with higher weight status for delinquent behaviors, highlighting the vulnerability of younger and underweight children. If the associations are causal, increasing home breakfast may reduce adolescent emotional/behavioral problems and benefit psychosocial health.
| S-EPMC9643789 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AIMS/INTRODUCTION:To assess the associations of working conditions, eating habits and glycemic control among young Japanese workers with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This hospital- and clinic-based prospective study included 352 male and 126 female working patients with diabetes aged 20-40 years. Data were obtained from June to July 2012 and June to July 2013. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for suboptimal glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin level of ?7%) obtained from June to July 2013. RESULTS:Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that disease duration of ?10 years (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.02-5.80), glycosylated hemoglobin level of ?7% in 2012 (OR 8.50, 95% CI 4.90-14.80), skipping breakfast and late evening meals (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.25-5.00) and working ?60 h/week (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.16-7.40) were predictive of suboptimal glycemic control in male workers, whereas a glycosylated hemoglobin level of ?7% in 2012 (OR 17.96, 95% CI 5.93-54.4), oral hyperglycemic agent therapy (OR 12.49, 95% CI 2.75-56.86) and insulin therapy (OR 11.60, 95% CI 2.35-57.63) were predictive of suboptimal glycemic control in female workers. CONCLUSIONS:Working ?60 h/week and habitual skipping breakfast concomitant with late evening meals might affect the ability of young male workers with type 2 diabetes to achieve and maintain glycemic control.
| S-EPMC6319498 | biostudies-other
Project description:Adolescence is a critical stage of development and has an important influence on energy balance-related behaviours (EBRBs). When adolescents are associated with obesity it can lead to increased cardiometabolic risk. Here we assess if EBRBs adopted by adolescents included in a subsample are associated with markers of total and abdominal adiposity in a multicentre European study, Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA-CSS) and a Brazilian study, Brazilian Cardiovascular Adolescent Health (BRACAH study), and whether sleep duration influence the association between skipping breakfast, physical activity and sedentary behaviours, with total and abdominal obesity (AO). Multilevel linear regression models using fixed and random intercepts were used to analyse the association between markers of obesity and EBRBs. Skipping breakfast was the prevalent behaviour in association with obesity among European and Brazilian boys besides European girls, even after stratification by sleep time. Moreover, European boys who slept properly and skipped breakfast had an increased waist circumference (WC), while body mass index (BMI) increased in Brazilian boys. Among Brazilian boys less sleep was protective for total obesity (β = -0.93 kg/m2; 95% CI: -1.80; -0.07). European girls when they were more sedentary, showed an increase in WC, especially for those who reported they slept adequately. Skipping breakfast was associated with total and AO in adolescents independent of sleep duration.
| S-EPMC6476875 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo assess dietary behaviours and related lifestyles according to the presence or absence of skipping breakfast.DesignWe analysed the cross-sectional data from a baseline survey of a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan conducted in 2011-2016. Participants provided information on dietary behaviours and lifestyles through a self-administered questionnaire. Skipping breakfast was defined as not eating breakfast at least once a week and was classified according to the frequency of skipping breakfast as 1-2, 3-4 or ≥5 times/week.SettingSixteen municipalities in seven prefectural areas across Japan under the Japan Public Health Centre-based prospective study for the Next Generation.Participants112 785 residents (51 952 males and 60 833 females) aged 40-74 years.ResultsAfter adjustment for age, socio-demographic status, drinking status and smoking status, individuals who skipped breakfast at least once a week, compared with those who ate breakfast every day, were more likely to have adverse dietary behaviours such as frequent eating out (multivariable OR = 2·08, 95 % CI (1·96, 2·21) in males and 2·15, 95 % CI (1·99, 2·33) in females), frequent eating instant foods (1·89, 95 % CI (1·77, 2·01) in males and 1·72, 95 % CI (1·56, 1·89) in females). They had late bedtime (1·85, 95 % CI (1·75, 1·95) in males and 1·98, 95 % CI (1·86, 2·11) in females) and living alone (2·37, 95 % CI (2·17, 2·58) in males and 2·02, 95 % CI (1·83, 2·21) in females), using the logistic regression model.ConclusionsBoth adult males and females who skipped breakfast were likely to eat out, to have a dietary habit of eating instant foods and have lifestyles such as late bedtime and living alone than those who ate breakfast.
| S-EPMC10346075 | biostudies-literature