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Air Pollutants' Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children.

ABSTRACT: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contributes significantly to pediatric hospitalizations. An association between air pollution and an increased number of RSV cases has been suggested. We sought to evaluate the short-term impact of air pollutants on RSV hospitalizations in Polish children in the period 2010-2019. Daily concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) were analyzed in general regression models (GRM) to establish their influence and full interaction scheme. Significant seasonal and annual periodicity among 53,221 hospitalizations was observed; finally, data from the 2012-2019 RSV high-risk seasons created models for seven agglomerations. The addition of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ to the basic model for RSV seasonality explained 23% (4.9-31%, univariate model) to 31.4% (8.4-31%, multivariate model) of the variance in RSV hospitalizations. A 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ concentrations was associated with 0.134 (0.087-0.16), 0.097 (0.031-0.087), and 0.212 (0.04-0.29) average increases in hospitalizations, respectively. In the multivariate models, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ alone, as well as PM_2.5-NO₂, PM_2.5-PM₁₀, and PM₁₀-NO₂ interactions, were associated with hospitalizations in some of the locations, while the metaregression showed statistically significant interactions between each of the pollutants, and between the pollutants and the year of the study. The inclusion of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and NO₂ in GRM explains a significant number of RSV hospitalizations. The pollutants act alone and interact together in a varied manner. Reducing air contamination might decrease the costs of hospital healthcare.

SUBMITTER: Wrotek A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8348891 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundThyroid nodules has become a significant public health issue worldwide with a rapidly increasing prevalence. However, its association with outdoor air pollution remains poorly understood. We aim to investigate the relationship between six outdoor air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3) and the risk of thyroid nodules.MethodsWe utilized a database including 4,920,536 participants who attended the annual physical examinations in the Meinian HealthCare Screening Center in 157 Chinese cities in 2017. City-specific concentrations of six pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3) from 2015 to 2017 were estimated based on the China's National Urban Air Quality Real Time Publishing Platform. Thyroid nodule was measured with ultrasound. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between air pollutants and thyroid nodules with adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, urine iodine, gross domestic product, and thyroid stimulating hormone. We conducted stratified analyses to investigate potential effect modification by sex, age, and urine iodine groups.ResultsApproximately 38% of the participants (1,869,742) were diagnosed with thyroid nodules. Each of the six air pollutants was significantly and linearly associated with the risk for thyroid nodules. The adjusted odds ratios [95% CI] for every increase of 10 μg/m3 for PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and O3 were 1.062 [1.061, 1.064], 1.04 [1.03, 1.04], 1.10 [1.09, 1.10], 1.11 [1.11, 1.12], and 1.151 [1.149, 1.154], respectively; The odds ratio for each increase of 1 mg/m3 for CO was 1.50 [1.49 to 1.52]. Furthermore, these associations were significantly higher in the participants who were men, younger, or having lower urine iodine level (p <0.001).ConclusionThe six air pollutants may contribute to the high prevalence of thyroid nodules in China.

Project description:PurposeWe aimed to examine whether the number of previous hospitalizations and the main diagnoses of those hospitalizations are associated with increased in-hospital hip fracture mortality for older people. That assessment is relevant because if those variables are shown to be associated with increased mortality, that finding could support their use as proxies for comorbidity burden for case-mix adjustment in statistical models seeking to compare the performance of hospitals regarding hip fracture mortality in settings with limited hospital information systems.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study of all public hospital admissions for older adults with hip fractures in the city of Rio de Janeiro between 2010 and 2011, we used data from the Hospital Admission Information System database to examine the association between in-hospital mortality and the number of hospitalizations in the previous two years and their main diagnoses through logistic regression.ResultsAmong 1938 patients included in the study there were 103 (5.3%) in-hospital deaths. Although the presence of hospitalization episodes within the two years preceding the index hip fracture was associated with increased mortality (OR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.07 to 2.97) we did not find evidence of a gradient of increased mortality with a growing number of previous hospitalizations. Additionally, several diseases recorded as main diagnoses of previous hospitalizations were not associated with increased mortality rates, as was expected based on existing knowledge on risk factors for decreased survival in older adults with hip fractures.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, in settings where local hospital information systems have limited access to secondary diagnoses, the use of the number of previous hospitalizations or the main diagnoses associated with those hospitalizations as proxies for the profile of comorbidities of older adults with hip fractures may not be an effective way to adjust for case-mix when comparing in-hospital mortality rates among hospitals.

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Air Pollutants' Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children.

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