Dataset Information

Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling mediates the effects of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles on the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is one of the favored materials for total joint replacement, but its wear particles cause osteolysis. This study aims to elucidate the signaling that mediates the effects of UHMWPE particles on bone cells.

Methods

RAW264.7 and MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with UHMWPE particles. Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling was manipulated by either overexpressing Rarres2 and Cmklr1 or silencing Cmklr1. The osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin red and TRAP staining, respectively. The expression of osteogenic and osteoclastogenic markers was assessed with quantitative real time PCR and western blot.

Results

UHMWPE particles upregulated the expression of Rarres2 and Cmklr1 in both osteoblast and osteoclast precursor cells. UHMWPE particles induced osteoclast differentiation while inhibited osteoblast differentiation, and this effect was abrogated by silencing Cmklr1 but augmented by the overexpression of Rarres2 and Cmklr1. Similarly, the expression of osteogenic marker genes was inhibited while that of osteoclastogenic marker genes was activated by UHMWPE particles, and this effect was abolished by silencing Cmklr1 and enhanced by Rarres2 and Cmklr1 overexpression.

Conclusions

These results demonstrated that chemerin/ChemR23 signaling plays a central role in the effects of UHMWPE particles on the balance of osteogenic and osteoclastogenic differentiation, which changes the course of bone remodeling and eventually results in osteolysis.

SUBMITTER: Zhao F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8350637 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling mediates the effects of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles on the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

Zhao Fengchao F Cang Dingwei D Zhang Jianzhi J Zheng Li L

Annals of translational medicine 20210701 14

<h4>Background</h4>Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is one of the favored materials for total joint replacement, but its wear particles cause osteolysis. This study aims to elucidate the signaling that mediates the effects of UHMWPE particles on bone cells.<h4>Methods</h4>RAW264.7 and MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with UHMWPE particles. Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling was manipulated by either overexpressing <i>Rarres2</i> and <i>Cmklr1</i> or silencing <i>Cmklr1</i>. The osteoblast an ...[more]

PMID: 34430590

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Project description:Calcium sulfate bone void fillers are increasingly being used for dead space management in infected arthroplasty revision surgery. The presence of these materials as loose beads close to the bearing surfaces of joint replacements gives the potential for them to enter the joint becoming trapped between the articulating surfaces; the resulting damage to cobalt chrome counterfaces and the subsequent wear of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene is unknown. In this study, third-body damage to cobalt chrome counterfaces was simulated using particles of the calcium sulfate bone void fillers Stimulan(®) (Biocomposites Ltd., Keele, UK) and Osteoset(®) (Wright Medical Technology, TN, USA) using a bespoke rig. Scratches on the cobalt chrome plates were quantified in terms of their density and mean lip height, and the damage caused by the bone void fillers was compared to that caused by particles of SmartSet GMV PMMA bone cement (DePuy Synthes, IN, USA). The surface damage from Stimulan(®) was below the resolution of the analysis technique used; SmartSet GMV caused 0.19 scratches/mm with a mean lip height of 0.03 µm; Osteoset(®) led to a significantly higher number (1.62 scratches/mm) of scratches with a higher mean lip height (0.04 µm). Wear tests of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene were carried out in a six-station multi-axial pin on plate reciprocating rig against the damaged plates and compared to negative (highly polished) and positive control plates damaged with a diamond stylus (2 µm lip height). The wear of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene was shown to be similar against the negative control plates and those damaged with third-body particles; there was a significantly higher (p < 0.001) rate of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene wear against the positive control plates. This study showed that bone void fillers of similar composition can cause varying damage to cobalt chrome counterfaces. However, the lip heights of the scratches were not of sufficient magnitude to increase the wear of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene above that of the negative controls.

Dataset Information

Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling mediates the effects of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles on the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling mediates the effects of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles on the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

Similar Datasets

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