Measuring Exposure to Incarceration Using the Electronic Health Record.
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ABSTRACT: Background
Electronic health records (EHRs) are a rich source of health information; however social determinants of health, including incarceration, and how they impact health and health care disparities can be hard to extract.Objective
The main objective of this study was to compare sensitivity and specificity of patient self-report with various methods of identifying incarceration exposure using the EHR.Research design
Validation study using multiple data sources and types.Subjects
Participants of the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS), a national observational cohort based on data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) EHR that includes all human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in care (47,805) and uninfected patients (99,060) matched on region, age, race/ethnicity, and sex.Measures and data sources
Self-reported incarceration history compared with: (1) linked VHA EHR data to administrative data from a state Department of Correction (DOC), (2) linked VHA EHR data to administrative data on incarceration from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), (3) VHA EHR-specific identifier codes indicative of receipt of VHA incarceration reentry services, and (4) natural language processing (NLP) in unstructured text in VHA EHR.Results
Linking the EHR to DOC data: sensitivity 2.5%, specificity 100%; linking the EHR to CMS data: sensitivity 7.9%, specificity 99.3%; VHA EHR-specific identifier for receipt of reentry services: sensitivity 7.3%, specificity 98.9%; and NLP, sensitivity 63.5%, specificity 95.9%.Conclusions
NLP tools hold promise as a feasible and valid method to identify individuals with exposure to incarceration in EHR. Future work should expand this approach using a larger body of documents and refinement of the methods, which may further improve operating characteristics of this method.
SUBMITTER: Wang EA
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8352066 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background and study aims
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Who can participate?
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What does the study involve?
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