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Short term UV-B radiation mediated modulation of physiological traits and withanolides production in Withania coagulans (L.) Dunal under in-vitro condition.

ABSTRACT: Accumulation of secondary metabolites is a key process in the growth and development of plants under different biotic/abiotic constraints. Many studies highlighted the regulatory potential of UV-B treatment towards the secondary metabolism of plants. In the present study, we examined the impact of UV-B on the physiology and secondary metabolism of Withania coagulans, which is an important ayurvedic plant with high anti-diabetic potential. Results showed that in-vitro UV-B exposure negatively influenced chlorophyll content and photosynthetic machinery. However, Fv/Fm ratio was found non-significantly altered up to 3 h UV-B exposure. The maximum lipid peroxidation level was recorded with 46.8% higher malondialdehyde content in the plants supplemented with 5 h UV-B radiation, that was indicated the oxidative stress in W. coagulans. Conversely, UV-B treatment significantly increased the plant's stress protective compounds like carotenoids, anthocyanin, phenol and proline, in W. coagulans. Free radical scavenging activity was also significantly increased ~ 18% than the control with 3 h UV-B treatment. The maximum antioxidative enzymes activities were observed with the short-term (up to 3 h) UV-B treatment. Specifically, UV-B radiation exposure significantly increased the content of withaferin A and withanolide A in W. coagulans with maximum 1.38 and 3.42-folds, respectively. Additionally, withanolides biosynthesis related genes transcript levels were found over-expressed under the response of UV-B elicitation. The acquired results suggested that short-term UV-B supplementation triggers secondary metabolism along with combating oxidative stress via improving the antioxidative defense system in W. coagulans. Also, UV-B can be used as an efficient abiotic elicitor to increase pharmaceutical compounds (withanolides) production.

Supplementary information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01046-7.

SUBMITTER: Tripathi D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8354842 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Endophytes have been explored and found to perform an important role in plant health. However, their effects on the host physiological function and disease management remain elusive. The present study aimed to assess the potential effects of endophytes, singly as well as in combination, in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, on various physiological parameters and systemic defense mechanisms against Alternaria alternata Seeds primed with the endophytic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Pseudomonas fluorescens individually and in combination demonstrated an enhanced vigor index and germination rate. Interestingly, plants treated with the two-microbe combination showed the lowest plant mortality rate (28%) under A. alternata stress. Physiological profiling of treated plants showed improved photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and stomatal conductance under pathogenic stress. Additionally, these endophytes not only augmented defense enzymes and antioxidant activity in treated plants but also enhanced the expression of salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-responsive genes in the stressed plants. Reductions in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) along with enhanced callose deposition in host plant leaves corroborated well with the above findings. Altogether, the study provides novel insights into the underlying mechanisms behind the tripartite interaction of endophyte-A. alternata-W. somnifera and underscores their ability to boost plant health under pathogen stress.IMPORTANCEW. somnifera is well known for producing several medicinally important secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites are required by various pharmaceutical sectors to produce life-saving drugs. However, the cultivation of W. somnifera faces severe challenge from leaf spot disease caused by A. alternata To keep pace with the rising demand for this plant and considering its capacity for cultivation under field conditions, the present study was undertaken to develop approaches to enhance production of W. somnifera through intervention using endophytes. Application of bacterial endophytes not only suppresses the pathogenicity of A. alternata but also mitigates excessive ROS/RNS generation via enhanced physiological processes and antioxidant machinery. Expression profiling of plant defense-related genes further validates the efficacy of bacterial endophytes against leaf spot disease.

Dataset Information

Short term UV-B radiation mediated modulation of physiological traits and withanolides production in Withania coagulans (L.) Dunal under in-vitro condition.

Supplementary information

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