Dynamic evaluation of facial muscles: 3D skin displacement vector analysis using a facial painting model.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Botulinum toxin A can be used to eliminate dynamic wrinkles by relaxing the muscles involved in facial expressions. Therefore, it is essential to know the location, origin, insertion, function, and changes of the facial expression muscles according to their contraction.

Methods

After drawing the muscles on the face of a model, pictures were taken at rest. The model was then asked to make facial expressions that cause facial wrinkles. All images were taken with the Vectra H1 camera system (Canfield Scientific, Inc., Fairfield, New Jersey). Each expression image was aligned to its respective static image to compute the differences in skin position, so as to calculate the skin displacement vectors. The values for local changes in skin displacement were calculated by

SUBMITTER: Moon HJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8356875 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature