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High Tensile Strength Regenerated α-1,3-Glucan Fiber and Crystal Transition.

ABSTRACT: α-1,3-Glucan is a linear and crystalline polysaccharide which is synthesized by in vitro enzymatic polymerization from sucrose. A previous study reported that regenerated fibers of α-1,3-glucan were prepared using a wet-spinning method. However, the mechanical properties were poorer than cellulose regenerated fibers. Then, in this study, the mechanical properties of the regenerated α-1,3-glucan fiber were improved by the transformation of the crystal structure and stretching. The regenerated fiber stretched in water and dehydrated by heating showed high tensile strength (18 cN/tex) that is comparable with that of viscose rayon. Moreover, the crystal structures of the regenerated fibers were investigated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). To date, four crystal polymorphs of α-1,3-glucan from polymorph I to IV have been reported. This study revealed that the regenerated α-1,3-glucan fibers had two different polymorphs, polymorph II (hydrated form) and polymorph III (anhydrous form), depending on post-treatment methods of stretching and annealing procedures. Furthermore, the obtained distinctive 2D-WAXD patterns suggested that polymorph III is identical to polymorph IV.

SUBMITTER: Togo A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8358940 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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High-Tensile Strength Tapes Show Greater Ultimate Failure Load and Less Stiffness Than High-Tensile Strength Sutures in a Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis Porcine Model.

Project description:PurposeTo compare the biomechanical properties of high-tensile strength tape and a high-tensile strength suture in subpectoral biceps tenodesis using a suture anchor in a porcine tendon model.MethodsA total of 24 artificial composite (polymer and glass fiber) humeri and porcine flexor profundus tendons were used. Two types of suture materials, high-tensile strength sutures (group S) and high-tensile strength tapes (group T), were evaluated. After we inserted metallic suture anchors with either 2 sutures or tapes 5 cm from the superomedial corner of the greater tuberosity, a Krackow suture technique was used to secure the tendons. After a preload of 5 N for 2 minutes, a cyclic loading test from 5 to 70 N was conducted for 500 cycles. Finally, the specimen was loaded to failure at a rate of 1 mm/s.ResultsThere were no significant between-group differences in elongation after cyclic loading and elongation at failure load for group S and group T (P = .977 and .630, respectively). The ultimate failure loads in group T (278.2 ± 54 N) were significantly greater than those in group S (249.4 ± 32 N) (P = .028). In contrast, the stiffness values in group T (28.5 ± 4.0 N/mm) were significantly lower than those in group S (32.3 ± 4.5 N) (P = .028). Ten specimens in group S and 8 specimens in group T failed, with tendons being cut through by the sutures, whereas the other 2 specimens in group S and 4 specimens in group T failed due to suture breakage.ConclusionsUsing high-tensile strength tapes in subpectoral biceps tenodesis using a suture anchor leads to significantly greater ultimate failure load as compared with using high-tensile strength sutures in a porcine model. Although lower levels of stiffness were found in high-tensile strength tape group, the difference in the means were not large between 2 groups.Clinical relevanceA strong suture-tendon structure may prevent clinical failure of a subpectoral biceps tenodesis using a suture anchor.

| S-EPMC7754602 | biostudies-literature

UV-Cured Transparent Flexible Silicone Materials with High Tensile Strength.

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| S-EPMC5685653 | biostudies-literature

Enzymatic surface erosion of high tensile strength polycarbonates based on natural phenols.

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| S-EPMC3983148 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC6488591 | biostudies-literature

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High Tensile Ductility and Strength in Dual-phase Bimodal Steel through Stationary Friction Stir Processing.

Project description:The combination of high strength and good ductility are very desirable for advanced structural and functional applications. However, measures to enhance strength typically lead to ductility reduction due to their inverse correlation, nano-grained structures for an instance. Bi-modal grain structure is promising in this regard, but its realization is limited by multiple complex processing steps. Here, we demonstrate a facile single-step processing route for the development of bimodal grain structure in austenitic stainless steel, SS316L. The bimodal structure comprised of fine martensite grains (<500?nm) sandwiched between coarse austenite grains (~10?µm). The dual-phase bimodal structure demonstrated higher yield strength (~620?MPa) compared to ultra-fine grain structure (~450?MPa) concurrent with high uniform tensile ductility (~35%). These exceptional properties are attributed to unique dual-phase, bimodal grain structure which delayed the onset of plastic instability resulting in higher strength as well as larger uniform elongation and work-hardening rate. Our approach may be easily extended to a wide range of material systems to engineer superior performance.

| S-EPMC6374438 | biostudies-literature

Immune response to intra-ocular injection of particulate β-(1,3)(1,6) glucan

Project description:Description of cellular and molecular landscape of vitreal immune cells following optic nerve crush injury plus intra-ocular injection of particulate β-glucan after 3days, in WT and Itgam-/- mice

2024-07-03 | GSE244627 | GEO

Metalloproteases meprin α and meprin β are C- and N-procollagen proteinases important for collagen assembly and tensile strength.

Project description:Type I fibrillar collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, crucial for the formation and strength of bones, skin, and tendon. Proteolytic enzymes are essential for initiation of the assembly of collagen fibrils by cleaving off the propeptides. We report that Mep1a(-/-) and Mep1b(-/-) mice revealed lower amounts of mature collagen I compared with WT mice and exhibited significantly reduced collagen deposition in skin, along with markedly decreased tissue tensile strength. While exploring the mechanism of this phenotype, we found that cleavage of full-length human procollagen I heterotrimers by either meprin α or meprin β led to the generation of mature collagen molecules that spontaneously assembled into collagen fibrils. Thus, meprin α and meprin β are unique in their ability to process and release both C- and N-propeptides from type I procollagen in vitro and in vivo and contribute to the integrity of connective tissue in skin, with consequent implications for inherited connective tissue disorders.

| S-EPMC3761563 | biostudies-literature

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