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Long-term changes in hazardous heat and cold stress in humans: multi-city study in Poland.

ABSTRACT: Significant changes in climate variables in the last decades resulted in changes of perceived climate conditions. However, there are only few studies discussing long-lasting changes in bioclimatic conditions. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present the temporal and spatial distribution of hazardous heat and cold stress conditions in different regions of Poland. Its focus is on long-lasting changes in such conditions in the period 1951-2018. To assess changes in hazardous thermal stress conditions, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was used. UTCI values at 12 UTC hour (respectively 1 pm winter time, 2 pm summer time) were calculated daily based on air temperature, relative humidity, total cloud cover and wind speed at 24 stations representing the whole area of Poland. We found that the greatest changes were observed in minimum (1.33 °C/10 years) and average (0.52 °C/10 years) UTCI values as well as in cold stress frequency (- 4.00 days per 10 years). The changes vary seasonally and regionally. The greatest increase in UTCImin and decrease in cold stress days were noted from November to March and had the highest values in north-east and east Poland, and also in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains. The trends in maximum UTCI are much smaller and not always positive. The spatially averaged trend in UTCImax for Poland as a whole was 0.35 °C/10 years and the increase in heat stress days was 0.80 days/10 years. The highest increases in UTCImax and heat stress days were noted in eastern and south-eastern Poland.

SUBMITTER: Kuchcik M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8370959 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Long-term field studies on parasite communities are rare but provide a powerful insight into the ecological and evolutionary processes shaping host-parasite interactions. The aim of our study was to identify the principal factors regulating long-term trends in the haemoparasite communities of bank voles, and to this end, we sampled three semi-isolated populations of bank voles (n = 880) in 1999, 2002, 2006 and 2010 in the Mazury lake district region of NE Poland. Overall, 90.8 % of the bank voles harboured at least one of the species of haemoparasites studied. Whilst overall prevalence (all species combined) did not vary significantly between the surveys, different temporal changes were detected among voles in each of the three sites. In voles from Urwitałt, prevalence increased consistently with successive surveys, whereas in Tałty, the peak years were 2002 and 2006, and in Pilchy, prevalence oscillated without a clear pattern. Across the study, bank voles harboured a mean of 1.75 ± 0.034 haemoparasite species, and species richness remained stable with no significant between-year fluctuations or trends. However, each of the five constituent species/genera showed a different pattern of spatio-temporal changes. The overall prevalence of Babesia microti was 4.9 %, but this varied significantly between years peaking in 2006 and declining again by 2010. For Bartonella spp., overall prevalence was 38.7 %, and this varied with year of study, but the temporal pattern of changes differed among the three sites. The overall prevalence of Haemobartonella (Mycoplasma) was 68.3 % with an increase in prevalence with year of study in all three sites. Hepatozoon erhardovae had an overall prevalence of 46.8 % but showed a marked reduction with each successive year of the study, and this was consistent in all three sites. The overall prevalence of Trypanosoma evotomys was 15.4 % varying significantly between sites, but showing temporal stability. While overall prevalence of all haemoparasites combined and species richness remained stable over the period of study, among the five haemoparasites, the pattern of spatiotemporal changes in prevalence and abundance of infections differed depending on parasite species. For some genera, host age was shown to play an important role, but a significant effect of host sex was found only for Haemobartonella spp.

Project description:The data presented in this article describes a multi-criteria decision problem, where 13 criteria and 14 alternatives have been taken into account, consisting in the selection of an electric vehicle. The data set contains: (1) the parameters of the electric vehicles concerned included in the alternative performance model, (2) the weights of the criteria for assessing the vehicles, preference functions and thresholds constituting the preference model, (3) the overall performances and rankings of the alternatives (electric vehicles concerned). The data on vehicle parameters were collected from reports, catalogues and websites of car manufacturers and then processed into a decision table. In turn, data constituting various random preference models were generated using the Monte Carlo method. The overall performances and ranks of the alternatives were obtained using the MCDA (multi-criteria decision aid) method called NEAT F-PROMETHEE (New Easy Approach To Fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluation), based on the performance model (decision table) and individual preference models. By linking vehicle parameters, preference models and vehicle rankings, the data allow, among other things, determining the impact of the preference model (weights of criteria, preference functions, thresholds) on the obtained vehicle rankings. The data also allow determining the probability of individual vehicles taking a specific position in the ranking on the basis of vehicle parameters, and regardless of the preferences of decision makers. Therefore, the data presented are valuable for practitioners and theorists dealing with electric vehicles and management, and in particular decision support. In the context of decision support, this data is also valuable to consumers considering the purchase of an electric vehicle, electric vehicle manufacturers, and dealers because it indicates the vehicles with the greatest market potential and user acceptance. This fact was confirmed by the research article entitled "Multi-criteria approach to stochastic and fuzzy uncertainty in the selection of electric vehicles with high social acceptance" [1] linked to this data article.

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Long-term changes in hazardous heat and cold stress in humans: multi-city study in Poland.

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