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Intussusception in an Infant With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature.

ABSTRACT: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even if predominantly considered a respiratory pathogen, it could be associated with gastrointestinal involvement, generally in mild forms. Recent reports highlight the association between SARS-CoV-2 and intussusception in infants. A case of intussusception is hereby described in a previously healthy infant in whom the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was made after the analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage and intraoperative specimens following surgical procedures. Accordingly, a review of infant cases with intussusception and SARS-CoV-2 infection is also reported.

SUBMITTER: Castellazzi ML

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8371323 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Intussusception through an ileostomy: A case report and literature review.

Project description:Introduction:Intussusception through an ileostomy is one of the rarest complications of stomas. In this study we report a case and a brief update of the literature to focus on the clinical level of this pathology and the therapeutic attitudes. Presentation of case:a 44-year-old man who underwent a small bowel resection with double stoma for tuberculosis peritonitis presented with stomatal prolapse. On examination of the stoma, small bowel mucosa appeared to have evident rather than serosa. The patient had an elective reduction of the proximal stoma under anesthesia. Conclusion:A review of the literature shows that Intussusception through an ileostomy can occur at any time after the first surgery. The cause is still unclear. Urgent conservative surgical management based on manual reduction should be preferred.

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Primary jejunogastric intussusception: A case report and review of the literature.

Project description:IntroductionJejunogastric intussusception following gastric surgery is a rare complication that, if not diagnosed early, can have catastrophic outcomes.Presentation of caseWe have reported a case, never described previously, of an acute spontaneous retrograde JGI, presenting with obstruction and hematemesis, in a 70-year-old woman who has never, previously, undergone abdominal surgery.DiscussionAs in all cases of intestinal intussusception, early diagnosis is important for acute JGI as mortality rates increase from 10% when the intervention occurs within 48 h. to 50% if treatment is delayed for 96 h. The diagnosis of JGI can be determined with many imaging studies, such as endoscopy, ultrasonography (US), barium stadium and CT scan. Although JGI, up to now, has been described as a rare complication after any type of gastric surgery, this disease must, however, be suspected also in patients who have never undergone abdominal surgery, if they present with non-sedable abdominal pain associated with signs of high intestinal obstruction and hematemesis.ConclusionOur hope is to add to the available literature to aid physicians in their diagnostic work-up and in developing management plans for similar cases occurring in the future.

| S-EPMC8668994 | biostudies-literature

A rare case of jejunogastric intussusception: A case report and review of the literature.

Project description:IntroductionJejunogastric intussusception following gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgery is a rare complication that, if not identified early, can have catastrophic outcomes.Presentation of caseIn this case, a 59-year-old male with a previous Billroth II gastrojejunostomy presented with intussusception of the efferent loop of jejunum through his previous repair.DiscussionAs there has only been approximately 300 reported cases of this complication, it often does not rank high as a differential diagnosis. Early detection of jejunogastric intussusception by maintaining a high level of suspicion is critical in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with this complication. This can be achieved by following the appropriate steps to diagnosis and choosing the appropriate treatment modality.ConclusionPresentation of the case and a review of the literature is critical to make surgeons aware of this rare complication.

| S-EPMC8060587 | biostudies-literature

A Saudi Infant with Vici Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Vici syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, was first described in 1988 by Vici et al. Only 78 cases have been reported to date. The syndrome is characterised by agenesis of the corpus callosum, hypopigmentation, cardiomyopathy, progressive failure to thrive, dysmorphic features, immunodeficiency and cataracts. Mutations in the gene epg5 have been identified as the cause of Vici syndrome. CASE DESCRIPTION:The parents are a consanguineous Saudi couple with two other children diagnosed with Gaucher disease. The patient was born at term and in the first 5 months had many hospital admissions for a recurrent chest infection. Physical examination, investigations and imaging studies revealed that the patient had agenesis of the corpus callosum, cataracts, psychomotor delay, immunodeficiency and hypopigmentation. The initial echocardiogram was normal. At 7 months, genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of Vici syndrome with a c.3693G>Ap (Gln1231Gln) mutation in the gene EPG5. The patient developed a chest infection and was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. An echocardiogram was repeated and showed significant left ventricular dilation with a Z-score of 3.1, moderate mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, and depressed ventricular function with a fractional shortening of 17% and ejection fraction 37%. The patient's condition deteriorated, and he died aged 8 months. CONCLUSION:The symptoms of extensive system involvement in Vici syndrome have been present in the majority of reported cases and should prompt careful evaluation of this syndrome when such symptoms are present in an infant. In confirmed cases, close monitoring of the immune status and cardiac function, the two main causes of death among Vici syndrome patients, is vital to prevent rapid deterioration and improve life expectancy.

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An infant with a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection detected only by anal swabs: a case report.

Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China and has spread rapidly worldwide. We present a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in a baby with non-productive cough and normal chest computed tomography, in whom only anal swabs tested positive by real-time PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2. She was given atomization inhalation therapy with recombinant human interferon alfa-1b for 10 days. Her anal swabs remained positive for eight days, whereas her throat swabs were persistently negative by real-time PCR testing. Mild and asymptomatic cases, especially in children, might present with PCR negative pharyngeal/nasal swabs and PCR positive anal swabs. Those patients are potential sources of infection via fecal-oral transmission for COVID-19.

| S-EPMC7200387 | biostudies-literature

Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with proximal intimo-intimal intussusception: a case report and literature review.

Project description:BackgroundAcute aortic circumferential dissection with proximal intimo-intimal intussusception is a rare and potentially lethal occurrence. We here report a case and review previous works to better understand this particular condition and help surgeons to determine accurate diagnosis and optimal intervention strategies by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).Case presentationWe report a case of a 46-year-old male who complained of sudden substernal chest pain. Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with proximal intimo-intimal intussusception was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and TEE. We found the intimal flap prolapsed into the left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT), which caused severe aortic regurgitation (AR) and obstructed the ostia of the coronary arteries. Given the preexisting aneurysmal dilatation of aortic sinus and severity of aortic root and arch dissection, Bentall procedure and Sun's procedure were performed for our patient.ConclusionsIntraoperative TEE used by anesthesiologists here played an increasingly valuable role in the determination of acute aortic dissection. Hence, it is necessary that TEE screening is routinely performed in patients with acute aortic dissection to provide valuable information for facilitating surgical strategies.

| S-EPMC8317293 | biostudies-literature

[Hyponatremia and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report].

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8339572 | biostudies-literature

A Rare Case of Mesenteric Chylous Cyst in Infant: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Project description:The occurrence of a mesenteric cyst (MC) is common in adults while in children and in infants is rare. In adults mesenteric cysts are often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally; however, in children they commonly present with symptoms of abdominal pain or distension with fever and leucocytosis. We report on a rare case, in our experience, of Mesenteric Chylous cyst (MCC) in an infant with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Discussion of literature is also reported.

| S-EPMC8236529 | biostudies-literature

Retroperitoneal malignant triton tumor in an infant: a case report and literature review.

Project description:Malignant triton tumor (MTT) is a rare subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. MTTs are solid tumors commonly located in the head, neck, extremities, and trunk. The presence of this tumor in an infant's retroperitoneum is extremely rare, and prompted the authors to report this case with reference to existing literature.

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Childhood intussusception: a literature review.

Project description:BackgroundPostlicensure data has identified a causal link between rotavirus vaccines and intussusception in some settings. As rotavirus vaccines are introduced globally, monitoring intussusception will be crucial for ensuring safety of the vaccine programs.MethodsTo obtain updated information on background rates and clinical management of intussusception, we reviewed studies of intussusception in children <18 years of age published since 2002. We assessed the incidence of intussusception by month of life among children <1 year of age, seasonality, method of diagnosis, treatment, and case-fatality.FindingsWe identified 82 studies from North America, Asia, Europe, Oceania, Africa, Eastern Mediterranean, and Central & South America that reported a total of 44,454 intussusception events. The mean incidence of intussusception was 74 per 100,000 (range: 9-328) among children <1 year of age, with peak incidence among infants 5-7 months of age. No seasonal patterns were observed. A radiographic modality was used to diagnose intussusception in over 95% of the cases in all regions except Africa where clinical findings or surgery were used in 65% of the cases. Surgical rates were substantially higher in Africa (77%) and Central and South America (86%) compared to other regions (13-29%). Case-fatality also was higher in Africa (9%) compared to other regions (<1%). The primary limitation of this review relates to the heterogeneity in intussusception surveillance across different regions.ConclusionThis review of the intussusception literature from the past decade provides pertinent information that should facilitate implementation of intussusception surveillance for monitoring the postlicensure safety of rotavirus vaccines.

| S-EPMC3718796 | biostudies-literature

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