Uses, abundance perception, and potential geographical distribution of Smilax aristolochiifolia Mill (SMILACACEAE) on the Totonacapan Region of Puebla, Mexico.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Espinoza-Perez J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8381484 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Smilax sieboldii (Smilacaceae), a member of the S. hispida group with a biogeographic disjunction between eastern Asia and North America, to study the phylogeography and incipient speciation of this species and its close relatives. METHODS AND RESULTS:Transcriptome sequencing produced 47,628 unigenes. Seventeen loci were developed from 122 randomly selected primer pairs. Polymorphism and genetic variation were evaluated for 68 accessions representing five populations of S. sieboldii. The number of alleles per locus ranged from four to 18; the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.59 to 0.92. Twelve loci were successfully amplified in five related species: S. scobinicaulis, S. californica, S. hispida, S. moranensis, and S. jalapensis. CONCLUSIONS:These novel expressed sequence tag-derived microsatellite markers will facilitate further population genetic research of S. sieboldii and its close allies of the S. hispida group.
| S-EPMC5357126 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although several microsatellite markers of Smilax aspera (Smilacaceae) have been reported in a previous study, due to universality issues in cross-population amplification, we have newly developed microsatellite markers for S. aspera based on transcriptome data to further investigate gene flow and genetic structure of its circum-Mediterranean, East African, and South Asian populations. A total of 4854 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs were designed from 99,193 contigs acquired from public transcriptome data of S. bona-nox. Forty-six microsatellite loci were selected for further genotyping in 12 S. aspera populations. The number of alleles varied from three to 28, and 93.5% of the developed microsatellite markers could be cross-amplified in least one of three congeneric Smilax species. The SSR markers developed in this study will facilitate further studies on genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns of S. aspera in intercontinental geographical scales.
| S-EPMC5400434 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The tea of aerial parts of Smilax larvata Griseb. (Smilacaceae) has been ethnopharmacologically used in Southern Brazil due to its anti-inflammatory action. In this study, ethanolic and organic extracts from aerial parts of S. larvata were phytochemically and pharmacologically characterized. The phytochemical analysis of EtOAc extract of S. larvata revealed the presence of three flavonoids, drabanemoroside, kaempferol 3-O-?-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1?2)-?-L-rhamnopyranoside, and kaempferol, the first two being isolated for the first time in this genus, two phenolic compounds p-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric acid, and alkaloids. In vitro assays demonstrated a potential antioxidant property of SLG. The treatment with SLG induced a significant reduction of the formalin-evoked flinches in rats, an effect reversed by opioid antagonist naloxone. Treatment with SLG also induced a significant increase in the hot plate latency and a decrease of intestinal motility by 45%. No effect was observed over nociceptive responses induced by a TRPA1 agonist mustard oil or over acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. Together, our data suggested that SLG has an in vivo antinociceptive effect, which seems to be associated with the opioid system activation. These findings support previous claims of medical use of Smilax larvata in the treatment of pain conditions.
| S-EPMC5214527 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Smilax moranensis M.Martens & Galeotti 1842 is an important medicinal plant widely distributed in warm and temperate climates. In this paper, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of S. moranensis was sequenced using the Illumina platform and assembled for the first time. This plastome is a circular structure of 157,907 bp in length. The GC content of the plastome was 37.16%. A total of 112 unique genes in this genome have been annotated, including 78 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA genes, and four ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete cp genome sequences of Smilacaceae family showed that Smilax is monophyletic. The position of S. moranensis was positioned as the sister to the other seven Smilax species. These results provide an important basis for future species identification and taxonomic determinations, as well as the phylogenetic reconstruction of the family Smilacaceae.
| S-EPMC9258046 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A new species, Smilax weniae (Smilacaceae), from Southwest China, is described and illustrated. The new species bears peltate leaves, which was previously a unique feature of S. luei. However, it differs from the latter by having a broad ovate leaf blade, longer peduncle, and sexual dimorphic flowers. Further phylogenetic analyses revealed that the new species were placed in a unique position in a subclade of Old World Smilax based on ptDNA and nrITS sequences. Combining detailed morphological comparisons and molecular evidence, we validated that S. weniae is an undescribed new species. Moreover, the plastome characteristics of S. weniae are reported.
| S-EPMC9028124 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Premise of the studyMicrosatellite markers were developed for Smilax rotundifolia (Smilacaceae), an understory vine widely distributed in eastern North America, to investigate genetic diversity and structure. Cross-amplification was tested in three congeneric species: S. china, S. riparia, and S. walteri.Methods and resultsA total of 6153 simple sequence repeat primer pairs were detected from the de novo-assembled transcriptome data (88,3962 contigs) of S. rotundifolia. Thirty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci were selected for further analysis among 96 individuals representing four natural populations of the species. The number of alleles ranged from two to 15, and 87.9% of the developed primer pairs could be cross-amplified in at least one of three congeneric Smilax species.ConclusionsThe simple sequence repeat markers developed in this study will facilitate further studies on genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns of S. rotundifolia and provide additional potential microsatellite resources for other Smilax species.
| S-EPMC6025819 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A new set of microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed for Smilax brasiliensis, which is popularly known as sarsaparilla and used in folk medicine as a tonic, antirheumatic, and antisyphilitic. Smilax brasiliensis is sold in Brazilian pharmacies, and its origin and effectiveness are not subject to quality control. • Using a protocol for genomic library enrichment, primer pairs were developed for 26 microsatellite loci and validated in 17 accessions of S. brasiliensis. Thirteen loci were polymorphic and four were monomorphic. The primers successfully amplified alleles in the congeners S. campestris, S. cissoides, S. fluminensis, S. goyazana, S. polyantha, S. quinquenervia, S. rufescens, S. subsessiliflora, and S. syphilitica. • The new SSR markers described herein are informative tools for genetic diversity and gene flow studies in S. brasiliensis and several congeners.
| S-EPMC4105028 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe Atlixco municipality, Puebla State, at a mean altitude of 1840 m, was selected for a study of Fasciola hepatica infection in schoolchildren in Mexico. This area presents permanent water collections continuously receiving thaw water from Popocatepetl volcano (5426 m altitude) through the community supply channels, conforming an epidemiological scenario similar to those known in hyperendemic areas of Andean countries.Methodology and findingsA total of 865 6-14 year-old schoolchildren were analyzed with FasciDIG coproantigen test and Lumbreras rapid sedimentation technique, and quantitatively assessed with Kato-Katz. Fascioliasis prevalences ranged 2.94-13.33% according to localities (mean 5.78%). Intensities were however low (24-384 epg). The association between fascioliasis and the habit of eating raw vegetables was identified, including watercress and radish with pronouncedly higher relative risk than lettuce, corncob, spinach, alfalfa juice, and broccoli. Many F. hepatica-infected children were coinfected by other parasites. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis, Hymenolepis nana and Ascaris lumbricoides infection resulted in risk factors for F. hepatica infection. Nitazoxanide efficacy against fascioliasis was 94.0% and 100% after first and second treatment courses, respectively. The few children, for whom a second treatment course was needed, were concomitantly infected by moderate ascariasis burdens. Its efficacy was also very high in the treatment of E. histolytica/E. dispar, G. intestinalis, B. hominis, H. nana, A. lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Enterobius vermicularis. A second treatment course was needed for all children affected by ancylostomatids.ConclusionsFascioliasis prevalences indicate this area to be mesoendemic, with isolated hyperendemic foci. This is the first time that a human fascioliasis endemic area is described in North America. Nitazoxanide appears as an appropriate alternative to triclabendazole, the present drug of choice for chronic fascioliasis. Its wide spectrum efficacy against intestinal protozooses and helminthiasis, usually coinfecting liver fluke infected subjects in human endemic areas, represents an important added value.
| S-EPMC3836726 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Begonia nelumbiifolia is a traditional edible plant consumed and commercialized in the northern highlands of Puebla, México. The present study reports the seasonal variation in proximate analysis as well as organic acids, carotenoids and flavonoids content in both leaves and stalks of this plant. The stalks contained low concentrations of protein (~3%), fiber (~1.5%) and nitrogen free extract (~0.26%) during the time of study. Both organs showed contents of oxalic acid (91-103 mg 100 g-1 FW), ascorbic acid (50-65 mg 100 g-1 FW), lutein (1-2.5 mg 100 g-1 FW), β-carotene (1-3 mg 100 g-1 FW), quercetin (1.3-2.7 mg 100 g-1 DW) and rutin (0.5-1.7 mg 100 g-1 DW). Antioxidant activity against DPPH was observed by the stalk extracts from 30% methanol (IC50, 0.21-0.37 mg L-1), pure methanol (IC50, 0.14-0.21 mg L-1) and hexane: acetone (IC50, 0.77-1.21 mg L-1). In vitro anti-HMG-CoA reductase (IC50, 0.07-0.36 mg L-1) and anti-alpha-glucosidase (IC50, 0.28-0.43 mg L-1) activities were observed in extracts from the edible stalks from pure methanol and 30% methanol. The leaf extracts from 30% methanol inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci TBR2004 (MIC, 254 µg mL-1), P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (MIC, 423 µg mL-1), P. syringae pv. glycinea (MIC, 605 µg mL-1) and Clavibacter michiganensis AB299158 (MIC, 162 µg mL-1). B. nelumbiifolia contained valuable phytochemicals associated to nutraceutical and biological properties. However, the consumption of the fresh stalks must be carefully considered because of the high oxalate content.
| S-EPMC5430179 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Charcoal rot is an emerging disease for peanut crops caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. In Mexico, peanut crop represents an important productive activity for various rural areas; however, charcoal rot affects producers economically. The objectives of this research were: (a) to identify and morphologically characterize the strain "PUE 4.0" associated with charcoal rot of peanut crops from Buenavista de Benito Juárez, belonging to the municipality of Chietla in Puebla, Mexico; (b) determine the in vitro and in vivo antagonist activity of five Trichoderma species on M. phaseolina, and (c) determine the effect of the incidence of the disease on peanut production in the field. Vegetable tissue samples were collected from peanut crops in Puebla, Mexico with the presence of symptoms of charcoal rot at the stem and root level. The "PUE 4.0" strain presented 100% identity with M. phaseolina, the cause of charcoal rot in peanut crops from Buenavista de Benito Juárez. T. koningiopsis (T-K11) showed the highest development rate, the best growth speed, and the highest percentage of radial growth inhibition (PIRG) over M. phaseolina (71.11%) under in vitro conditions, in addition, T. koningiopsis (T-K11) showed higher production (1.60 ± 0.01 t/ha-1) and lower incidence of charcoal rot under field conditions. The lowest production with the highest incidence of the disease occurred in plants inoculated only with M. phaseolina (0.67 ± 0.01 t/ha-1) where elongated reddish-brown lesions were observed that covered 40% of the total surface of the main root.
| S-EPMC8707606 | biostudies-literature