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Rhododendron kuomeianum (Ericaceae), a new species from northeastern Yunnan (China), based on morphological and genomic data.

ABSTRACT: Rhododendron kuomeianum Y.H. Chang, J. Nielsen & Y.P. Ma, a new species of Rhododendron (Ericaceae) within subsect. Maddenia in sect. Rhododendron from Yiliang County, NE Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to R. valentinianum, but it can be easily distinguished by its sparse scales on the abaxial surface of the leaf blade, fewer flowers per inflorescence and white corolla with pale red margins. There are also differences in the widths of calyx lobes, leaf blade shape and indumentum characteristics of the petiole between the new species and Rhododendron linearilobum. We confirmed that R. kuomeianum is a new species closely related to R. valentinianum and R. changii with phylogenomic studies of 10 species within this subsection based on restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data. These phylogenomic analyses also clarified additional taxonomic problems in this subsection previously raised by morphological analysis. Our findings make a strong case for using next-generation sequencing to explore phylogenetic relationships and identify new species, especially in plants groups with complicated taxonomic problems.

SUBMITTER: Chang YH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8390914 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Natural hybridization among three Rhododendron species (Ericaceae) revealed by morphological and genomic evidence.

Project description:BackgroundNatural hybridization can influence the adaptive response to selection and accelerate species diversification. Understanding the composition and structure of hybrid zones may elucidate patterns of hybridization processes that are important to the formation and maintenance of species, especially for taxa that have experienced rapidly adaptive radiation. Here, we used morphological traits, ddRAD-seq and plastid DNA sequence data to investigate the structure of a Rhododendron hybrid zone and uncover the hybridization patterns among three sympatric and closely related species.ResultsOur results show that the hybrid zone is complex, where bi-directional hybridization takes place among the three sympatric parental species: R. spinuliferum, R. scabrifolium, and R. spiciferum. Hybrids between R. spinuliferum and R. spiciferum (R. ×duclouxii) comprise multiple hybrid classes and a high proportion of F1 generation hybrids, while a novel hybrid taxon between R. spinuliferum and R. scabrifolium dominated the F2 generation, but no backcross individuals were detected. The hybrid zone showed basically coincident patterns of population structure between genomic and morphological data.ConclusionsNatural hybridization exists among the three Rhododendron species in the hybrid zone, although patterns of hybrid formation vary between hybrid taxa, which may result in different evolutionary outcomes. This study represents a unique opportunity to dissect the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms associated with adaptive radiation of Rhododendron species in a biodiversity hotspot.

| S-EPMC8582147 | biostudies-literature

Vacciniumusneoides (Ericaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China.

Project description:Vacciniumusneoides (Ericaceae), a new species from Fugong County of Yunnan Province, China is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to Vacciniumsect.Calcicolus and is most similar to V.brachyandrum, but differs in its branches hanging down, much smaller leaf blades, shorter inflorescences and pedicels, non-glandular tomentellate or densely pubescent inflorescence rachis and pedicels, densely white-pubescent hypanthium and pilose filaments.

| S-EPMC10756209 | biostudies-literature

Agapetesheana, a new species of A.ser.Longifiles (Ericaceae) from Yunnan, China.

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| S-EPMC8367934 | biostudies-literature

Oreocharis wumengensis, a new species of Gesneriaceae from northeastern Yunnan, China.

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A new species of Hiptage (Malpighiaceae) from northwest Yunnan (China) based on molecular and morphological data.

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Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal three new species of Diaporthe from Yunnan, China.

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| S-EPMC7910272 | biostudies-literature

New taxa of Rhododendron tschonoskii alliance (Ericaceae) from East Asia.

Project description:Three new taxa, Rhododendron sohayakiense Y.Watan. & T.Yukawa (Ericaceae), and its two varieties, var. kiusianum Y.Watan., T.Yukawa & T.Minamitani and var. koreanum Y.Watan. & T.Yukawa are described and illustrated from Japan and South Korea. They can be distinguished from each other and from the other members of the R. tschonoskii alliance, i.e. R. tschonoskii, R. tetramerum, R. trinerve and R. tsusiophyllum, through their combination of leaf size, leaf morphologies including lateral nerves on abaxial leaf surface, corolla morphologies including number of corolla lobes, style length and anther form. Phylogenetic inferences based on chloroplast DNA and genome-wide sequences revealed that each of the three new taxa is monophyletic and they further form a clade. Distributions of the three taxa are also clearly separated from each other and also from the other members of the R. tschonoskii alliance.

| S-EPMC6821883 | biostudies-literature

The complete chloroplast genome of Rhododendron platypodum (Ericaceae): an endemic and endangered species from China.

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| S-EPMC7832514 | biostudies-literature

Morphological and molecular analyses reveal two new species of Grifola (Polyporales) from Yunnan, China.

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| S-EPMC10921059 | biostudies-literature

Vacciniummotuoense (Ericaceae), a new species from Xizang, China.

Project description:Vacciniummotuoense (Ericaceae), a new species from Motuo County, Xizang Autonomous Region, China is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to Vacciniumsect.Calcicolus and is morphologically most similar to V.dunalianum, but differs in having yellowish-brown tomentose young branches, petioles and inflorescence rachis, leaf blades with 2-3(-4) pairs of secondary veins, usually all basal and with fine veins impressed adaxially and urceolate to spherical corollas.

| S-EPMC8448724 | biostudies-literature

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