Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

14 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Effect of Osmotic Pressure on Whey Protein Concentration in Forward Osmosis.

ABSTRACT: Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging process to dewater whey streams energy efficiently. The driving force for the process is the concentration gradient between the feed (FS) and the concentrated draw (DS) solution. Here we investigate not only the effect of the DS concentration on the performance, but also that of the FS is varied to maintain equal driving force at different absolute concentrations. Experiments with clean water as feed reveal a flux increase at higher osmotic pressure. When high product purities and thus low reverse salt fluxes are required, operation at lower DS concentrations is preferred. Whey as FS induces severe initial flux decline due to instantaneous protein fouling of the membrane. This is mostly due to reversible fouling, and to a smaller extent to irreversible fouling. Concentration factors in the range of 1.2-1.3 are obtained. When 0.5 M NaCl is added to whey as FS, clearly lower fluxes are obtained due to more severe concentration polarization. Multiple runs over longer times show though that irreversible fouling is fully suppressed due to salting in/out effects and flux decline is the result of reversible fouling only.

SUBMITTER: Oymaci P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8401517 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Forward Osmosis for Metal Processing Effluents under Similar Osmotic Pressure Gradients.

Project description:Water recovery from aqueous effluents in the mining and metals processing industry poses a unique challenge due to the high concentration of dissolved salts typically requiring energy intensive methods of treatment. Forward osmosis (FO) is a lower energy technology which employs a draw solution to osmotically extract water through a semi-permeable membrane further concentrating any feed. Successful FO operation relies on using a draw solution of higher osmotic pressure than the feed to extract water while minimizing concentration polarization to maximize the water flux. Previous studies employing FO on industrial feed samples commonly used concentration instead of osmotic pressures for feed and draw characterization; this led to misleading conclusions on the impact of design variables on water flux performance. By employing a factorial design of experiments methodology, this study examined the independent and interactive effects on water flux by: osmotic pressure gradient, crossflow velocity, draw salt type, and membrane orientation. With a commercial FO membrane, this work tested a solvent extraction raffinate and a mine water effluent sample to demonstrate application significance. By optimizing with osmotic gradient independent variables, water flux can be improved by over 30% without increasing energy costs or compromising the 95-99% salt rejection of the membrane.

| S-EPMC10222697 | biostudies-literature

High-Degree Concentration Organic Solvent Forward Osmosis for Pharmaceutical Pre-Concentration.

Project description:Over half of the pharmaceutical industry's capital investments are related to the purification of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Thus, a cost-effective purification process with a highly concentrated solution is urgently required. In addition, the purification process should be nonthermal because most APIs and their intermediates are temperature-sensitive. This study investigated a high-degree concentration organic solvent forward osmosis (OSFO) membrane process. A polyketone-based thin-film composite hollow fiber membrane with a polyamide selective layer on the bore surface was used as the OSFO membrane to achieve a high tolerance for organic solvents and an effective concentration. MeOH, sucrose octaacetate (SoA), and 2M polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400)/MeOH solution were used as the solvent, model API, and a draw solution (DS), respectively. OSFO was performed at room temperature (23 ± 3 °C). Consequently, the 11 wt% SoA/MeOH solution was concentrated to 52 wt% without any SoA leakage into the DS. To our knowledge, there are no studies in which up to a 5 wt% concentration by OSFO has been demonstrated. However, the final feed solution contained 17 wt% PEG-400. This study demonstrates the promising potential of OSFO for pharmaceutical pre-concentration and the technical problems that need to be solved for social implementation.

| S-EPMC10819892 | biostudies-literature

Pharmaceutical concentration using organic solvent forward osmosis for solvent recovery.

Project description:The organic solvent forward osmosis (OSFO) process can simultaneously concentrate the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and recover the organic solvents. Here we demonstrate and evaluate an OSFO process for solvent recovery. In this demonstration, OSFO was conducted in different solvents with different draw solutes. The OSFO process shows rejections >98% when recovering organic solvents from different feed solutions, even when the feed concentration is as high as 20?wt%. More importantly, all systems exhibit relatively low ratios of reverse solute flux to solvent flux, indicating that the adverse effects of using hazardous draw solutions could be minimized. Nevertheless, the use of non-hazardous draw solutes such as citric acid is highly recommended to remove any potential risk, and it has been demonstrated. Herein, the OSFO process is a promising technology for solvent recovery as it possesses a reasonable solvent flux, low reverse solute flux and requires no external pressure.

| S-EPMC5897543 | biostudies-literature

Concentration and Temperature Effects on Water and Salt Permeabilities in Osmosis and Implications in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis.

Project description:Osmotic power extracted from the mixing of freshwater with seawater is a renewable energy resource that has gained increasing attention during recent years. The estimated energy can significantly contribute to the production of power worldwide. However, this power production will be subject to variation due to both local conditions and seasonal variation. The present paper explores the effect of concentration and temperature on water and salt fluxes in osmosis at zero transmembrane pressure for five different membranes. Further, the measured fluxes have been utilized to model water and salt permeabilities (A and B), and the structure parameter (S). The observed flux variations at different combinations of concentration and temperature have been ascribed to skin properties, i.e., changes in A and B of each membrane, whereas S was assumed constant within the range of concentrations and temperatures that were tested. Simplified equations for the variation in A and B with temperature and concentration have been developed, which enable A and B to be calculated at any concentration and temperature based on permeabilities determined from osmotic experiments at standard test conditions. The equations can be used to predict fluxes and specific power production with respect to geographical and seasonal variations in concentration and temperature for river water/seawater pressure-retarded osmosis. The obtained results are also useful for forward osmosis processes using seawater as draw solution.

| S-EPMC6161017 | biostudies-literature

Hydrophilic Mineral Coating of Membrane Substrate for Reducing Internal Concentration Polarization (ICP) in Forward Osmosis.

Project description:Internal concentration polarization (ICP) is a major issue in forward osmosis (FO) as it can significantly reduce the water flux in FO operations. It is known that a hydrophilic substrate and a smaller membrane structure parameter (S) are effective against ICP. This paper reports the development of a thin film composite (TFC) FO membrane with a hydrophilic mineral (CaCO3)-coated polyethersulfone (PES)-based substrate. The CaCO3 coating was applied continuously and uniformly on the membrane pore surfaces throughout the TFC substrate. Due to the intrinsic hydrophilicity of the CaCO3 coating, the substrate hydrophilicity was significantly increased and the membrane S parameter was reduced to as low as the current best of cellulose-based membranes but without the mechanical fragility of the latter. As a result, the ICP of the TFC-FO membrane could be significantly reduced to yield a remarkable increase in water flux without the loss of membrane selectivity.

| S-EPMC4726141 | biostudies-literature

Thin Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membrane with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Interlayer for Alleviating Internal Concentration Polarization.

Project description:This study reported a series of thin film composite (TFC) membranes with single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs) interlayers for the forward osmosis (FO) application. Pure SWCNTs with ultrahigh length-to-diameter ratio and without any functional group were applied to form an interconnect network interlayer via strong ?-? interactions. Compared to the TFC membrane without SWCNTs interlayer, our TFC membrane with optimal SWCNTs interlayer exhibited more than three times the water permeability (A) of 3.3 L m-2h-1bar-1 in RO mode with 500 mg L-1 NaCl as feed solution and nearly three-fold higher FO water flux of 62.8 L m-2 h-1 in FO mode with the deionized water as feed solution and 1 M NaCl as draw solution. Meanwhile, the TFC membrane with SWCNTs interlayer exhibited significantly reduced membrane structure parameters (S) to immensely mitigate the effect of internal concentration polarization (ICP) in support layer with micro-sized pores in favor of higher water flux. It showed that the pure SWCNTs interlayer could be an effective strategy to apply in FO membranes.

| S-EPMC7077303 | biostudies-literature

Modelling Forward Osmosis Treatment of Automobile Wastewaters.

Project description:Forward osmosis (FO) has rarely been investigated as a treatment technology for industrial wastewaters. Within this study, common FO model equations were applied to simulate forward osmosis treatment of industrial wastewaters from the automobile industry. Three different models from literature were used and compared. Permeate and reverse solute flux modelling was implemented using MS Excel with a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) Nonlinear Solver. For the industrial effluents, the unknown diffusion coefficients were calibrated and the influences of the membrane parameters were investigated. Experimental data was used to evaluate the models. It could be proven that common model equations can describe FO treatment of industrial effluents from the automobile industry. Even with few known solution properties, it was possible to determine permeate fluxes and draw conclusions about mass transport. However, the membrane parameters, which are apparently not solution independent and seem to differ for each industrial effluent, are critical values. Fouling was not included in the model equations although it is a crucial point in FO treatment of industrial wastewaters. But precisely for this reason, modelling is a good complement to laboratory experiments since the difference between the results allows conclusions to be drawn about fouling.

| S-EPMC6780785 | biostudies-literature

Thyme Antimicrobial Effect in Edible Films with High Pressure Thermally Treated Whey Protein Concentrate.

Project description:Application of high pressure-thermal treatment (600 MPa and 70 °C, 20 min) for obtaining edible films functionalized with thyme extracts have been studied in order to evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of films structure to retain and release the bioactive compounds. The high pressure-thermally treated films (HPT) were compared with the thermally treated (TT) ones (80 ± 0.5 °C, 35 min). The film structures were analyzed and the sorption isotherms, water vapor permeability, antimicrobial activity and the volatile fingerprints by GC/MS were performed. The HPT film presented more binding sites for water chemi-sorption than TT films and displayed significantly lower WVP than TT films (p < 0.05). TT films displayed slightly, but significant higher, antimicrobial activity (p < 0.05) against Geotrichum candidum in the first day and against Bacillus subtilis in the 10th day of storage. The HPT film structure had ~1.5-fold higher capacity to retain volatiles after drying compared to TT films. From the HPT films higher amount of p-cymene and ?-terpinene was volatilized during 10 days of storage at 25 °C, 50% RH while from the TT films higher amount of caryophyllene and carvacrol were released. During storage HPT films had a 2-fold lower capacity to retain monoterpenes compared to TT films.

| S-EPMC7404695 | biostudies-literature

Stability of Intracellular Protein Concentration under Extreme Osmotic Challenge.

Project description:Cell volume (CV) regulation is typically studied in short-term experiments to avoid complications resulting from cell growth and division. By combining quantitative phase imaging (by transport-of-intensity equation) with CV measurements (by the exclusion of an external absorbing dye), we were able to monitor the intracellular protein concentration (PC) in HeLa and 3T3 cells for up to 48 h. Long-term PC remained stable in solutions with osmolarities ranging from one-third to almost twice the normal. When cells were subjected to extreme hypoosmolarity (one-quarter of normal), their PC did not decrease as one might expect, but increased; a similar dehydration response was observed at high concentrations of ionophore gramicidin. Highly dilute media, or even moderately dilute in the presence of cytochalasin, caused segregation of water into large protein-free vacuoles, while the surrounding cytoplasm remained at normal density. These results suggest that: (1) dehydration is a standard cellular response to severe stress; (2) the cytoplasm resists prolonged dilution. In an attempt to investigate the mechanism behind the homeostasis of PC, we tested the inhibitors of the protein kinase complex mTOR and the volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC). The initial results did not fully elucidate whether these elements are directly involved in PC maintenance.

| S-EPMC8700764 | biostudies-literature

Effect of the Alkyl Chain Length on Assessment as Thermo-Responsive Draw Solutes for Forward Osmosis.

Project description:A series of thermo-responsive tetrabutylphosphonium 1-alkanesulfonates (abbreviated as [P4444][C n S], n = 6, 8, 10, and 12), where n is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group on the 1-alkanesulfonate anion, were prepared by an ion-exchange reaction to investigate their potential ability toward the application of draw solutes in forward osmosis (FO). We systematically studied the recovery properties and FO performance of [P4444][C n S]. This series exhibited lower critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics, which offer a clear advantage of being energy-efficient for recovering draw solutes; however, [P4444][C6S] was only observed at 20 wt %. The LCSTs of the 20 wt % [P4444][C6S], [P4444][C8S], [P4444][C10S], and [P4444][C12S] draw solutions were approximately 83, 54, 49, and 56 °C, respectively. Moreover, when the orientation of the active layer was heading toward the draw solution (AL-DS mode), the water and reverse solute flux of [P4444][C10S] were about 1.58 LMH and 0.81 gMH, respectively, at 20 wt % aqueous solutions. When the membrane was used in the active layer facing the feed solution (AL-FS) system, the water and reverse solute flux of [P4444][C10S] were approximately 0.71 LMH and 0.38 gMH, respectively, at 20 wt % aqueous solutions. Thus, this study is the first to examine the structural transformations of the bulkier alkyl group on the sulfonate anion moiety and its feasibility as the new draw solute for the FO system.

| S-EPMC9670907 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data