Therapeutic outcomes using subcutaneous low dose alemtuzumab for acquired bone marrow failure conditions.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Thota S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8404554 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background and methods: Ruxolitinib (RUX), a Jak1/2 inhibitor, has been reported to attenuate murine bone marrow failure recently. Its potential toxocicty of anemia and thrombocytopenia in human remains a concern. To minimize its potential toxoxicity, we tested therapeutic effectsof low dose ruxolitinib plus cyclosporine in murine model of immune-mediated bone marrow failure. Bone marrow CD8 and CD4 T cells were sorted from treated or untreated bone marrow failure mice. RNA-Seq and analysis was performed using SMART-Seq mRNA LP Kit (Takara) and the Illumina Novaseq6000, according to the Institute's protocols. Results: low dose of ruxolitinib plus cyclosporine improved pancytopenia and BM cellularity and decreased BM T cell infiltration in bone marrow failure mice. RNA sequencing demonstrated that low dose of ruxolitinib plus cyclosporine suppressed immune-related pathways in bone marrow infiltrated CD8 T cells and MHC-II expression in CD4 T cells compared with untreated mice. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that low dose of ruxolitinib plus cyclosporine remains the efficacy in attenuation of disease and extending survival of immune-mediated bone marrow failure mice.
2024-05-08 | GSE240864 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2024-05-08 | GSE240867 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5985156 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a type of bone marrow failure (BMF) syndrome characterized by partial or total bone marrow (BM) destruction resulting in peripheral blood (PB) pancytopenia, which is the reduction in the number of red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC), as well as platelets (PLT). The first-line treatment option of AA is given by hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) transplant and/or immunosuppressive (IS) drug administration. Some patients did not respond to the treatment and remain pancytopenic following IS drugs. The studies are in progress to test the efficacy of adoptive cellular therapies as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which confer low immunogenicity and are reliable allogeneic transplants in refractory severe aplastic anemia (SAA) cases. Moreover, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) constitute an essential component of the hematopoietic niche, responsible for stimulating and enhancing the proliferation of HSCs by secreting regulatory molecules and cytokines, providing stimulus to natural BM microenvironment for hematopoiesis. This review summarizes scientific evidences of the hematopoiesis improvements after MSC transplant, observed in acquired AA/BMF animal models as well as in patients with acquired AA. Additionally, we discuss the direct and indirect contribution of MSCs to the pathogenesis of acquired AA.
| S-EPMC5733198 | biostudies-other
Project description:Compound heterozygous germline mutations in CTC1 gene have been found in patients with atypical dyskeratosis congenita (DC), whereas heterozygous carriers are unaffected. Through screening of a large cohort of adult patients with acquired bone marrow failure syndromes, in addition to a DC case, we have also found extremely rare or novel heterozygous deleterious germline variants of CTC1 in patients with aplastic anaemia (AA; n = 5), paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH; n = 3) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS; n = 2). A compound heterozygous case of AA showed clonal evolution. Our results suggest that some of the inherited CTC1 variants may represent predisposition factors for acquired bone marrow failure.
| S-EPMC6536344 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Poor graft function (PGF), manifested by multilineage cytopenias and complete donor chimerism post-allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT), and acquired aplastic anaemia (AA) are immune-mediated acquired bone marrow (BM) failure syndromes with a similar clinical presentation. In this study, we used spatial proteomics to compare the immunobiology of the BM microenvironment and identify common mechanisms of immune dysregulation under these conditions. Archival BM trephines from patients exhibited downregulation of the immunoregulatory protein VISTA and the M2 macrophage marker and suppressor of T-cell activation ARG1 with increased expression of the immune checkpoint B7-H3 compared to normal controls. Increased CD163 and CD14 expression suggested monocyte/macrophage skewing, which, combined with dysregulation of STING and VISTA, is indicative of an environment of reduced immunoregulation resulting in the profound suppression of hematopoiesis in these two conditions. There were no changes in the immune microenvironment between paired diagnostic AA and secondary MDS/AML samples suggesting that leukaemic clones develop in the impaired immune microenvironment of AA without the need for further alterations. Of the eight proteins with dysregulated expression shared by diagnostic AA and PGF, the diagnostic AA samples had a greater fold change in expression than PGF, suggesting that these diseases represent a spectrum of immune dysregulation. Unexpectedly, analysis of samples from patients with good graft function post-alloSCT demonstrated significant changes in the immune microenvironment compared to normal controls, with downregulation of CD44, STING, VISTA, and ARG1, suggesting that recovery of multilineage haematopoiesis post-alloSCT does not reflect recovery of immune function and may prime patients for the development of PGF upon further inflammatory insult. The demonstrable similarities in the immunopathology of AA and PGF will allow the design of clinical interventions that include both patient cohorts to accelerate therapeutic discovery and translation.
| S-EPMC10560754 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAcquired aplastic anemia (AA) is characterized by deficiency or dysfunction of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. However, little is known about the impairment of BM-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in AA patients.MethodsWe used Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry (FCM), and Western blotting to test the expression of CD106 gene (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1)) and CD106 protein of BM-MSCs. Furthermore, we used hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and histochemical staining analysis, immunofluorescence, and the formation of capillary-like structures to analyze capillary tube-like formation in vitro; we also used the Matrigel plug assay to test in vivo vasculogenesis, and an assay of colony forming units (CFUs) and colony-forming unit-megakaryocyte (CFU-MK) to detect the support function of MSCs in vitro. The in vivo engraftment of CD34+ cells and MSCs in NOD/SCID mice was tested by FACS and survival assay; the expression of NF-?B was tested by NanoPro analysis and immunofluorescence. NF-?B-regulated CD106 gene (VCAM1) was confirmed by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?)-stimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated MSCs, blockade assay, and immunofluorescence.ResultsHere, we report that BM-MSCs from AA patients exhibited downregulation of the CD06 gene (VCAM1) and low expression of CD106 in vitro. Further analysis revealed that CD106+ MSCs from both AA patients and healthy controls had increased potential for in vitro capillary tube-like formation and in vivo vasculogenesis compared with CD106- MSCs, and the results were similar when healthy MSCs were compared with AA MSCs. CD106+ MSCs from both AA patients and healthy controls more strongly supported in vitro growth and in vivo engraftment of CD34+ cells in NOD/SCID mice than CD106- MSCs, and similar results were obtained when healthy MSCs and AA MSCs were compared. The expression of NF-?B was decreased in AA MSCs, and NF-?B regulated the CD106 gene (VCAM1) which supported hematopoiesis.ConclusionsThese results revealed the effect of CD106 and NF-?B in BM failure of AA.
| S-EPMC5540520 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bone marrow failure syndromes are a heterogeneous group of diseases. With the major advancements in diagnostic tools and sequencing techniques, these diseases may be better classified and therapies may be further tailored. Androgens, a historic group of drugs, were found to stimulate hematopoiesis by enhancing the responsiveness of progenitors. These agents have been used for decades to treat different forms of bone marrow failure. With the availability of more effective pathways to treat BMF, androgens are less used currently. Nevertheless, this group of drugs may serve BMF patients where standard therapy is contraindicated or not available. In this article, we review the published literature addressing the use of androgens in BMF patients and we make recommendations on how to best use this class of drugs within the current therapeutic landscape.
| S-EPMC10200973 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Severe aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow (BM) failure (BMF) disease frequently caused by aberrant immune destruction of blood progenitors. Although a Th1-mediated pathology is well described for AA, molecular mechanisms driving disease progression remain ill defined. The NOTCH signaling pathway mediates Th1 cell differentiation in the presence of polarizing cytokines, an action requiring enzymatic processing of NOTCH receptors by ?-secretase. Using a mouse model of AA, we demonstrate that expression of both intracellular NOTCH1(IC) and T-BET, a key transcription factor regulating Th1 cell differentiation, was increased in spleen and BM-infiltrating T cells during active disease. Conditionally deleting Notch1 or administering ?-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) in vivo attenuated disease and rescued mice from lethal BMF. In peripheral T cells from patients with untreated AA, NOTCH1(IC) was significantly elevated and bound to the TBX21 promoter, showing NOTCH1 directly regulates the gene encoding T-BET. Treating patient cells with GSIs in vitro lowered NOTCH1(IC) levels, decreased NOTCH1 detectable at the TBX21 promoter, and decreased T-BET expression, indicating that NOTCH1 signaling is responsive to GSIs during active disease. Collectively, these results identify NOTCH signaling as a primary driver of Th1-mediated pathogenesis in AA and may represent a novel target for therapeutic intervention.
| S-EPMC3698520 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Low dose ruxolitinib plus cyclosporine to treat murine immune-mediated bone marrow failure
| PRJNA1005605 | ENA