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Intrapulmonary Vaccination Induces Long-lasting and Effective Pulmonary Immunity against Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia linked to a high mortality rate. The emergence and rapid transmission of multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains have become a serious health concern, and highlight the challenges associated with the development of a vaccine to combat S. aureus pneumonia.

Methods

This study evaluated the effects of intrapulmonary (i.pulmon.) immunization on the immune response and protection against S. aureus lung infection in a respiratory mouse model using a subunit vaccine.

Results

Compared with the intranasal immunized mice, the i.pulmon. immunized mice had lower levels of pulmonary bacterial colonization and lethality, accompanied by alleviated lung inflammation with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of interleukin-10 and antimicrobial peptide following i.pulmon. challenge. Optimal protection was associated with increased pulmonary antibodies and resident memory T cells. Moreover, i.pulmon. immunization provided long-lasting pulmonary protection for at least 6 months, with persistent cellular and humoral immunity in the lungs.

Conclusions

Vaccine reaching the deep lung by i.pulmon. immunization plays a significant role in the induction of efficacious and long-lasting immunity against S. aureus in the lung parenchyma. Hence, i.pulmon. immunization can be a strategy for the development of a vaccine against S. aureus pneumonia.

SUBMITTER: Fan X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8408773 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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