Dataset Information

Population Attributable Risks of Subtypes of Esophageal and Gastric Cancers in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

To help target preventive strategies, we estimated US population attributable risks (PARs) of demographic and potentially modifiable risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA).

Methods

We prospectively examined the associations for risk factors and these cancers in 490,605 people in the National Institutes of Health-the American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health cohort Diet and Health Study cohort from 1995 to 2011. Exposures were obtained from the baseline questionnaire. Diagnoses of gastroesophageal reflux disease were extracted for a subset of eligible National Institutes of Health-the American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health cohort subjects through linkage to Medicare and then multiply imputed for non-Medicare-eligible subjects. Hazard ratios were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression. Adjusted population attributable risks were calculated for the US population aged 50-71 years by combining the hazard ratios with the estimated joint distribution of risk factor prevalence from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey.

Results

Smoking remained the most important risk factor for ESCC and was estimated to cause more than 1/3 of EAC and GCA and 1/10 of GNCA. Obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease were associated with more than 1/2 of EAC and 1/3 of GCA. Compared with each lowest-risk level category, common risk factors were estimated to be associated with 73.7% of ESCC (95% confidence interval [CI]: 62.1%-85.4%), 70.3% of EAC (95% CI: 64.4%-76.2%), 69.3% of GCA (95% CI: 61.0%-77.7%), and 33.6% of GNCA (95% CI: 21.7%-45.5%).

Discussion

These factors accounted for a large proportion of esophageal and gastric cancers in the United States, highlighting opportunities for education and intervention to reduce the burden of these highly fatal cancers.

SUBMITTER: Wang SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8410651 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Population Attributable Risks of Subtypes of Esophageal and Gastric Cancers in the United States.

Wang Shao-Ming SM Katki Hormuzd A HA Graubard Barry I BI Kahle Lisa L LL Chaturvedi Anil A Matthews Charles E CE Freedman Neal D ND Abnet Christian C CC

The American journal of gastroenterology 20210901 9

<h4>Introduction</h4>To help target preventive strategies, we estimated US population attributable risks (PARs) of demographic and potentially modifiable risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA).<h4>Methods</h4>We prospectively examined the associations for risk factors and these cancers in 490,605 people in the National Institutes of Health-the American Associatio ...[more]

PMID: 34240714

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Dataset Information

Population Attributable Risks of Subtypes of Esophageal and Gastric Cancers in the United States.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion

Publications

Population Attributable Risks of Subtypes of Esophageal and Gastric Cancers in the United States.

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