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Distinct Immune Profiles of Exhausted Effector and Memory CD8+ T Cells in Individuals With Filarial Lymphedema.


ABSTRACT: CD8+ T cells are crucial for the clearance of viral infections, and current research begins to highlight their importance in parasitic diseases too. In-depth research about characteristics of CD8+ T-cell subsets and exhaustion remains uncertain, especially during filariasis, a chronic helminth infection. Lymphatic filariasis, elicited by Wuchereria bancrofti, remains a serious health problem in endemic areas in Ghana, especially in those suffering from morbidity due to lymphedema (LE). In this observational study, the characteristics and profiles of CD8+ T cells were compared between asymptomatic Wuchereria bancrofti-infected individuals, uninfected endemic normals, and those with LE (grades 2-6). Focusing on exhausted memory (CD8+exmem: CD8+ T-betdimEomeshi) and effector (CD8+exeff: CD8+T-bethiEomesdim) CD8+ T-cell subsets, advanced flow cytometry revealed that LE individuals presented reduced frequencies of IFN-γ+CD8+exmem T cells expressing Tim-3 or LAG-3 which negatively correlated to the presence of LE. Moreover, the LE cohort further showed significantly higher frequencies of IL-10+CD8+exeff T cells expressing either Tim-3, LAG-3, CD39, KLRG-1, or PD-1, all associated markers of exhaustion, and that these frequencies positively correlated with the presence of LE. In summary, this study shows that distinct exhausted CD8+ T-cell subsets are prominent in individuals suffering from LE, suggesting that enhanced inflammation and constant immune activation might drive exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. Since T-cell exhaustion is known to be associated with insufficient control of persisting antigen, the data presented here reveals that these CD8+ T-cell exhaustion patterns in filarial LE should be taken into consideration for prevention and control management of LE.

SUBMITTER: Horn S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8415778 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Distinct Immune Profiles of Exhausted Effector and Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells in Individuals With Filarial Lymphedema.

Horn Sacha S   Borrero-Wolff Dennis D   Ritter Manuel M   Arndts Kathrin K   Wiszniewsky Anna A   Debrah Linda Batsa LB   Debrah Alexander Y AY   Osei-Mensah Jubin J   Chachage Mkunde M   Hoerauf Achim A   Kroidl Inge I   Layland Laura E LE  

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 20210811


CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells are crucial for the clearance of viral infections, and current research begins to highlight their importance in parasitic diseases too. In-depth research about characteristics of CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell subsets and exhaustion remains uncertain, especially during filariasis, a chronic helminth infection. Lymphatic filariasis, elicited by <i>Wuchereria bancrofti</i>, remains a serious health problem in endemic areas in Ghana, especially in those suffering from morbidity due  ...[more]

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