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Orderly Porous Covalent Organic Frameworks-based Materials: Superior Adsorbents for Pollutants Removal from Aqueous Solutions.

ABSTRACT: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a new type of crystalline porous polymers known for chemical stability, excellent structural regularity, robust framework, and inherent porosity, making them promising materials for capturing various types of pollutants from aqueous solutions. This review thoroughly presents the recent progress and advances of COFs and COF-based materials as superior adsorbents for the efficient removal of toxic heavy metal ions, radionuclides, and organic pollutants. Information about the interaction mechanisms between various pollutants and COF-based materials are summarized from the macroscopic and microscopic standpoints, including batch experiments, theoretical calculations, and advanced spectroscopy analysis. The adsorption properties of various COF-based materials are assessed and compared with other widely used adsorbents. Several commonly used strategies to enhance COF-based materials' adsorption performance and the relationship between structural property and sorption ability are also discussed. Finally, a summary and perspective on the opportunities and challenges of COFs and COF-based materials are proposed to provide some inspiring information on designing and fabricating COFs and COF-based materials for environmental pollution management.

SUBMITTER: Liu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8454561 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Crystalline Covalent Organic Frameworks from Triazine Nodes as Porous Adsorbents for Dye Pollutants.

Project description:The development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with nodes and spacers, designed to maximize their functional properties, is a challenge. Triazines exhibit better electron affinity than benzene-based aromatic rings; therefore, structures based on 1,3,5-substituted triazine-centered nodes are more stable than those from 1,3,5-benzene-linked COFs. Compared to COFs prepared from flat, rigid sp2 carbon-linked triazine nodes, the O-linked flexible tripodal triazine-based COF demonstrates several unpredictable properties such as an increase in crystallinity and cavity size. In this study, the COF prepared from O-linked flexible 2,4,6-tris(p-formylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine serves as an excellent absorbent for removing methylene blue from water. Our results demonstrate that COF is highly stable in water and functions as a robust adsorbent. Its adsorption isotherm is consistent with the Langmuir model and its adsorption kinetics follows a pseudo-second order model. Moreover, the COF was characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, solid-state ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It exhibited permanent porosity, a high specific surface area (279.5 m2·g-1), and was chemically and thermally stable. Photophysical studies revealed that the COF exhibits a low bandgap energy value of 3.07 eV, indicating its semiconducting nature.

| S-EPMC6941375 | biostudies-literature

Rapid Room-Temperature Preparation of Hierarchically Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Uranium Removal from Aqueous Solutions.

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| S-EPMC7466529 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC4072660 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC8623111 | biostudies-literature

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Porous Activated Carbon from Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste for the Removal of Acetampirid Pesticide from Aqueous Solutions.

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| S-EPMC8604923 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC6068140 | biostudies-literature

Use of Eggshell-Catalyzed Biochar Adsorbents for Pb Removal from Aqueous Solution.

Project description:Eggshell is a cheap and environmentally friendly calcium source. In this study, Ca-modified biochar adsorbents (CEA) were prepared by 1:10, 1:2, and 1:1 mass ratio of the eggshell and Eupatorium adenophorum. The CEA-2 sample prepared with a 1:2 mass ratio showed a maximum Pb adsorption capacity (97.74 mg·g-1) at the conditions of an initial pH of 7.0, an adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g·L-1, and a contact time of 8.0 h. The kinetic and isotherm studies indicated that the adsorption process of the CEA-2 sample had monolayer adsorption characteristics, which was controlled together by intraparticle and interface diffusion. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process of CEA-2 was spontaneous (ΔG 0 <0) and endothermic (ΔH 0 > 0). X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed a uniform distribution of Ca-Pb precipitation on the CEA-2 surface, which proved that chemical precipitation was the main adsorption mechanism. Fourier transform infrared spectra found that CEA-2 had abundant active groups, especially nitrogen-containing functional groups, which could adsorb Pb through a surface complexation reaction. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of CEA-2 was found to be 621 m2·g-1, and such developed pores could ensure the smooth diffusion of Pb. Finally, the effect of coexisting cation and anion experiment and the cyclic regeneration experiment indicated that CEA-2 had prominent stability and reusability for Pb adsorption.

| S-EPMC9245091 | biostudies-literature

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