Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

15 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Continuous monitoring system for safe managements of CO₂ storage and geothermal reservoirs.

ABSTRACT: We have developed a new continuous monitoring system based on small seismic sources and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). The source system generates continuous waveforms with a wide frequency range. Because the signal timing is accurately controlled, stacking the continuous waveforms enhances the signal-to-noise ratio, allowing the use of a small seismic source to monitor extensive areas (multi-reservoir). Our field experiments demonstrated that the monitoring signal was detected at a distance of ~ 80 km, and temporal variations of the monitoring signal (i.e., seismic velocity) were identified with an error of < 0.01%. Through the monitoring, we identified pore pressure variations due to geothermal operations and rains. When we used seafloor cable for DAS measurements, we identified the monitoring signals at > 10 km far from the source in high-spatial resolution. This study demonstrates that multi-reservoir in an extensive area can be continuously monitored at a relatively low cost by combining our seismic source and DAS.

SUBMITTER: Tsuji T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8476502 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Rapid microbial methanogenesis during CO2 storage in hydrocarbon reservoirs.

Project description:Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a key technology to mitigate the environmental impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. An understanding of the potential trapping and storage mechanisms is required to provide confidence in safe and secure CO2 geological sequestration1,2. Depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs have substantial CO2 storage potential1,3, and numerous hydrocarbon reservoirs have undergone CO2 injection as a means of enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR), providing an opportunity to evaluate the (bio)geochemical behaviour of injected carbon. Here we present noble gas, stable isotope, clumped isotope and gene-sequencing analyses from a CO2-EOR project in the Olla Field (Louisiana, USA). We show that microbial methanogenesis converted as much as 13-19% of the injected CO2 to methane (CH4) and up to an additional 74% of CO2 was dissolved in the groundwater. We calculate an in situ microbial methanogenesis rate from within a natural system of 73-109 millimoles of CH4 per cubic metre (standard temperature and pressure) per year for the Olla Field. Similar geochemical trends in both injected and natural CO2 fields suggest that microbial methanogenesis may be an important subsurface sink of CO2 globally. For CO2 sequestration sites within the environmental window for microbial methanogenesis, conversion to CH4 should be considered in site selection.

| S-EPMC8695373 | biostudies-literature

Sinking CO2 in Supercritical Reservoirs.

Project description:Geologic carbon storage is required for achieving negative CO2 emissions to deal with the climate crisis. The classical concept of CO2 storage consists in injecting CO2 in geological formations at depths greater than 800 m, where CO2 becomes a dense fluid, minimizing storage volume. Yet CO2 has a density lower than the resident brine and tends to float, challenging the widespread deployment of geologic carbon storage. Here, we propose for the first time to store CO2 in supercritical reservoirs to reduce the buoyancy-driven leakage risk. Supercritical reservoirs are found at drilling-reachable depth in volcanic areas, where high pressure (p > 21.8 MPa) and temperature (T > 374°C) imply CO2 is denser than water. We estimate that a CO2 storage capacity in the range of 50-500 Mt yr-1 could be achieved for every 100 injection wells. Carbon storage in supercritical reservoirs is an appealing alternative to the traditional approach.

| S-EPMC7780548 | biostudies-literature

Continuous monitoring of intrinsic PEEP based on expired CO2 kinetics: an experimental validation study.

Project description:BackgroundQuantification of intrinsic PEEP (PEEPi) has important implications for patients subjected to invasive mechanical ventilation. A new non-invasive breath-by-breath method (etCO2D) for determination of PEEPi is evaluated.MethodsIn 12 mechanically ventilated pigs, dynamic hyperinflation was induced by interposing a resistance in the endotracheal tube. Airway pressure, flow, and exhaled CO2 were measured at the airway opening. Combining different I:E ratios, respiratory rates, and tidal volumes, 52 different levels of PEEPi (range 1.8-11.7 cmH2O; mean 8.45 ± 0.32 cmH2O) were studied. The etCO2D is based on the detection of the end-tidal dilution of the capnogram. This is measured at the airway opening by means of a CO2 sensor in which a 2-mm leak is added to the sensing chamber. This allows to detect a capnogram dilution with fresh air when the pressure coming from the ventilator exceeds the PEEPi. This method was compared with the occlusion method.ResultsThe etCO2D method detected PEEPi step changes of 0.2 cmH2O. Reference and etCO2D PEEPi presented a good correlation (R2 0.80, P < 0.0001) and good agreement, bias - 0.26, and limits of agreement ± 1.96 SD (2.23, - 2.74) (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe etCO2D method is a promising accurate simple way of continuously measure and monitor PEEPi. Its clinical validity needs, however, to be confirmed in clinical studies and in conditions with heterogeneous lung diseases.

| S-EPMC6540388 | biostudies-literature

Safe storage and effective monitoring of CO2 in depleted gas fields.

Project description:Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is vital to reduce CO(2) emissions to the atmosphere, potentially providing 20% of the needed reductions in global emissions. Research and demonstration projects are important to increase scientific understanding of CCS, and making processes and results widely available helps to reduce public concerns, which may otherwise block this technology. The Otway Project has provided verification of the underlying science of CO(2) storage in a depleted gas field, and shows that the support of all stakeholders can be earned and retained. Quantitative verification of long-term storage has been demonstrated. A direct measurement of storage efficiency has been made, confirming that CO(2) storage in depleted gas fields can be safe and effective, and that these structures could store globally significant amounts of CO(2).

| S-EPMC3258629 | biostudies-literature

Evaluation of effective quantum yields of photosystem II for CO2 leakage monitoring in carbon capture and storage sites.

Project description:Vegetation monitoring can be used to detect CO2 leakage in carbon capture and storage (CCS) sites because it can monitor a large area at a relatively low cost. However, a rapidly responsive, sensitive, and cost-effective plant parameters must be suggested for vegetation monitoring to be practically utilized as a CCS management strategy. To screen the proper plant parameters for leakage monitoring, a greenhouse experiment was conducted by exposing kale (Brassica oleracea var. viridis), a sensitive plant, to 10%, 20%, and 40% soil CO2 concentrations. Water and water with CO2 stress treatments were also introduced to examine the parameters differentiating CO2 stress from water stresses. We tested the hypothesis that chlorophyl fluorescence parameters would be early and sensitive indicator to detect CO2 leakage. The results showed that the fluorescence parameters of effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Y(II)), detected the difference between CO2 treatments and control earlier than any other parameters, such as chlorophyl content, hyperspectral vegetation indices, and biomass. For systematic comparison among many parameters, we proposed an indicator evaluation score (IES) method based on four categories: CO2 specificity, early detection, field applicability, and cost. The IES results showed that fluorescence parameters (Y(II)) had the highest IES scores, and the parameters from spectral sensors (380-800 nm wavelength) had the second highest values. We suggest the IES system as a useful tool for evaluating new parameters in vegetation monitoring.

| S-EPMC7847708 | biostudies-literature

Continuous Video Monitoring: Implementation Strategies for Safe Patient Care and Identified Best Practices.

Project description:BackgroundSitters are often used in the inpatient setting as a measure to ensure safety of patients with cognitive and behavioral concerns.ProblemSitters are costly, and evidence is lacking that their presence produces safer outcomes. Continuous video monitoring is a safe alternative; yet, there is a lack of best practices and implementation strategies.ApproachA large academic medical center in the Pacific Northwest introduced continuous video monitoring as an adjunct measure to replace sitter use when appropriate. Adoption of the technology was influenced by nurse enculturation, leader standard work (standard parameters used by nurse leaders for process improvement), data tracking management, and patient/family feedback.OutcomesContinuous video monitoring is a bridge for the nursing staff to enhance safety for patients and an additional safety intervention when sitter use is not reasonable.ConclusionUtilizing technology such as continuous video monitoring can relieve sitters to allow for optimal productivity, increased safety, cost reduction, and nurse/family satisfaction.

| S-EPMC7899219 | biostudies-literature

Smart facemask for wireless CO2 monitoring.

Project description:The use of facemasks by the general population is recommended worldwide to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Despite the evidence in favour of facemasks to reduce community transmission, there is also agreement on the potential adverse effects of their prolonged usage, mainly caused by CO2 rebreathing. Herein we report the development of a sensing platform for gaseous CO2 real-time determination inside FFP2 facemasks. The system consists of an opto-chemical sensor combined with a flexible, battery-less, near-field-enabled tag with resolution and limit of detection of 103 and 140 ppm respectively, and sensor lifetime of 8 h, which is comparable with recommended FFP2 facemask usage times. We include a custom smartphone application for wireless powering, data processing, alert management, results displaying and sharing. Through performance tests during daily activity and exercise monitoring, we demonstrate its utility for non-invasive, wearable health assessment and its potential applicability for preclinical research and diagnostics.

| S-EPMC8748626 | biostudies-literature

Monitoring the response of volcanic CO2 emissions to changes in the Los Humeros hydrothermal system.

Project description:Carbon dioxide is the most abundant, non-condensable gas in volcanic systems, released into the atmosphere through either diffuse or advective fluid flow. The emission of substantial amounts of CO2 at Earth's surface is not only controlled by volcanic plumes during periods of eruptive activity or fumaroles, but also by soil degassing along permeable structures in the subsurface. Monitoring of these processes is of utmost importance for volcanic hazard analyses, and is also relevant for managing geothermal resources. Fluid-bearing faults are key elements of economic value for geothermal power generation. Here, we describe for the first time how sensitively and quickly natural gas emissions react to changes within a deep hydrothermal system due to geothermal fluid reinjection. For this purpose, we deployed an automated, multi-chamber CO2 flux monitoring system within the damage zone of a deep-rooted major normal fault in the Los Humeros Volcanic Complex (LHVC) in Mexico and recorded data over a period of five months. After removing the atmospheric effects on variations in CO2 flux, we calculated correlation coefficients between residual CO2 emissions and reinjection rates, identifying an inverse correlation of ρ = - 0.51 to - 0.66. Our results indicate that gas emissions respond to changes in reinjection rates within 24 h, proving an active hydraulic communication between the hydrothermal system and Earth's surface. This finding is a promising indication not only for geothermal reservoir monitoring but also for advanced long-term volcanic risk analysis. Response times allow for estimation of fluid migration velocities, which is a key constraint for conceptual and numerical modelling of fluid flow in fracture-dominated systems.

| S-EPMC8429443 | biostudies-literature

Efficient CO2 Utilization via a Hybrid Na-CO2 System Based on CO2 Dissolution.

Project description:Carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration technologies have been extensively studied to utilize carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas, as a resource. So far, however, effective technologies have not been proposed owing to the low efficiency conversion rate and high energy requirements. Here, we present a hybrid Na-CO2 cell that can continuously produce electrical energy and hydrogen through efficient CO2 conversion with stable operation for over 1,000 hr from spontaneous CO2 dissolution in aqueous solution. In addition, this system has the advantage of not regenerating CO2 during charging process, unlike aprotic metal-CO2 cells. This system could serve as a novel CO2 utilization technology and high-value-added electrical energy and hydrogen production device.

| S-EPMC6258365 | biostudies-literature

Novel polymer coating for chemically absorbing CO2 for safe Li-ion battery.

Project description:Gas evolution in Li-ion batteries remains a barrier for the implementation of high voltage materials in a pouch cell format; the inflation of the pouch cell is a safety issue that can cause battery failure. In particular, for manganese-based materials employed for fabricating cathodes, the dissolution of Mn2+ in the electrolyte can accelerate cell degradation, and subsequently gas evolution, of which carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major component. We report on the utilization of a mixture of polymers that can chemically absorb the CO2, including the coating of aluminum foils, which serve as trapping sheets, introduced into two Ah pouch cells-based on a LiMnFePO4 (cathode) and a Li4Ti5O12 (anode). The pouch cells with trapping sheets experienced only an 8.0?vol% inflation (2.7?mmol CO2 per gram of polymers) as opposed to the 40?vol% inflation for the reference sample. Moreover, the cells were cycled for 570 cycles at 1?C and 45?°C before reaching 80% of their retention capacity.

| S-EPMC7316716 | biostudies-literature