Chorea as a Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Encephalitis: A Clinical Case Report.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hassan M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8490192 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Covid-19-related encephalitis is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by a combination of clinical, laboratory, and imaging features related to inflammation of the brain, where the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is presumably the causative agent. We reported a case of Covid-19-related encephalitis presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms, including intense agitation. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction in cerebrospinal fluid was positive for SARS-CoV-2. Our case expands the literature about neurologic manifestations of Covid-19 and emphasizes the possibility of prominent behavioral symptoms as the initial manifestation.
| S-EPMC8552702 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Benign hereditary chorea is a rare disorder which is characterized by early onset, non-progressive choreic movement disturbance, with other hyperkinetic movements and unsteadiness also commonly seen. Hypothyroidism and lung disease are frequent additional features. The disorder is caused by mutations of the NKX2-1 gene on chromosome 14. CASE PRESENTATION:A Norwegian four-generation family with eight affected was identified. All family members had an early onset movement disorder, starting before one year of age with motor delay and chorea. Learning difficulties were commonly reported from early school years. The family presented with choreic movements at rest, but other movements were seen; myoclonus, dystonia, ataxia, stuttering and tics-like movements. All patients reported unsteadiness and ataxic gait was observed in two patients. Videos are provided in the supplementary material. Most affected family members had asthma and a subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism. Sequencing revealed a mutation in the NKX2-1 gene in all eight affected family members. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first Norwegian family with benign hereditary chorea due to a mutation in the NKX2-1 gene, c.671 T?>?G (p.Leu224Arg). This family demonstrates well the wide phenotype, including dystonia, myoclonus and ataxia.
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Project description:The 2019 new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel respiratory virus which has increasingly spread all over the world. Although the predominant clinical presentation is represented by respiratory symptoms, neurological manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 is being increasingly recognized. In the present report, we present a case of post SARS-CoV-2 autoimmune encephalitis associated with a new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE).
| S-EPMC7608104 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionEncephalitis is a common infection of the brain, associated with a high risk of mortality and morbidity despite intensive supportive therapy. This report describes a patient with acute clinical meningoencephalitis who responded dramatically when her body temperature was decreased to normothermia (36 to 37 degrees C) in combination with barbiturate therapy.Case presentationA 15-year-old, previously healthy girl presented with a 2-day history of headache and meningeal stiffness and pyrexia. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed high-intensity signals in the splenium of the corpus callosum on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images. On day 4 of admission, the level of consciousness decreased and ataxic respiration and apnea appeared. After that, fever (body temperature >40 degrees C) developed with remarkable tachycardia. The body temperature was decreased with the use of a forced-air-cooling blanket and head cooling. The core temperature, measured in the bladder, was maintained at between 36 and 37 degrees C for 5 days. During the period of normothermia, thiopental sodium was given continuously for 3 days. After normothermia, the level of consciousness increased without the development of fever, and ventilatory support was withdrawn.ConclusionOur experience suggests that normothermic treatment in combination with barbiturate therapy may be an effective option for the management of brain swelling associated with acute meningoencephalitis, particularly when accompanied by a persistent high fever.
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| S-EPMC7525191 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introductionand importance: The COVID-19 is a global pandemic that is now responsible for more than 3 million deaths around the world. Its cutaneous manifestations in patients are being increasingly reported. This case brings additional data implementing the knowledge on the dermatological signs during COVID-19.Case presentationWe report a new pattern with erythema multiforme (EM) lesions in a healthy patient with COVID-19 infection and no other medical background.Clinical discussionWe are facing challenging times in Dermatology. New information and cutaneous manifestations possibly related to COVID-19 are emerging every day. There are only a few case reports describing EM in patients with COVID-19.ConclusionWe suggest that this EM might be another pattern of exanthem associated with COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether these lesions are associated with the virus, the drug intake or any other conditions.
| S-EPMC8312051 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already become a global threat to the human population. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Ocular abnormalities have been reported in association with COVID-19, but the nature of the impairments was not specified. Here, we report a case of a female patient diagnosed with glaucoma on re-hospitalization for ocular complications two months after being discharged from the hospital upon recovery from COVID-19. Meanwhile, the patient was found re-positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract. The infection was also diagnosed in the aqueous humor through immunostaining with antibodies against the N protein and S protein of SARS-CoV-2. Considering the eye is an immune-privileged site, we speculate that SARS-CoV-2 survived in the eye and resulted in the patient testing re-positive for SARS-CoV-2.
| S-EPMC8355891 | biostudies-literature
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| S-BSST379 | biostudies-other
Project description:This is the first known case of a Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) positive patient treated entirely with Ayurveda. So far in Modern Western Medicine (MWM), no cure has been found which is specific to COVID-19. The only literature relevant to the treatment of Coronavirus disease has surfaced from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). TCM which was extensively used to control the epidemic in China, also consists of herbal medicines similar to Ayurveda. In this case, the patient, who was familiar with the use of Ayurvedic medicines, fully aware that no proven cure exists in MWM, decided to entirely rely on the limited Ayurvedic medicines that he had in his possession at the time of falling ill. Despite the patient presenting with symptoms, namely high fever, severe body pain and severe cough, along with many of the other associated symptoms of COVID-19, the progress of the disease could be arrested within a short period by being exclusively on Ayurvedic medicines. This illustrates that there is a wide scope to explore the variety of pertinent medicines present in Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia which can be used more rationally to suit every stage of the disease. Being the first-of-its-kind it is a valuable contribution to scientific literature from the world of Ayurveda. This should encourage the healthcare policy makers to quickly use Ayurveda to bring the COVID-19 pandemic under control in India, as they seemed to have demonstrated it in China with TCM.
| S-EPMC7303645 | biostudies-literature